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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Efeitos de diferentes tipos estressores sobre a mem?ria e aprendizagem de ratas

Nascimento, Ezequiel Batista do 12 July 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:37:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EzequielBN_DISSERT.pdf: 1434271 bytes, checksum: ec339b7b0edd61a2480b5454f9c82167 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-12 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The exposure to stressors produces physiological changes of the organism in order to adapt the individual to the environment. Depending on the type, intensity and duration, stress can affect some cognitive functions, particularly processes of learning and memory. Several studies have also proposed that some level of anxiety would be necessary for memory formation. In this context, memories of previously aversive experiences may determine the manner and intensity with which are expressed fear responses, which explains the great interest in analyzing both anxiety and memory in animals. In addition, males and females demonstrate different reactions in relation to stressful stimuli, showing different levels of anxiety and differences in processing of the acquisition, retention and recall of information. Based on this information, the present study aimed to verify the effect of stress on learning, memory and anxiety behavioral parameters in rats exposed at different types of stressors of long duration (seven consecutive days): restraint (4h/day), overcrowding (18h/day) and social isolation (18h/day) in the different phases of the estrous cycle. Our results showed that the stress induced by restraint and social isolation did not cause changes in the acquisition process, but impaired the recall of memory in rats. Furthermore, it is suggested a protective effect of sex hormones on retrieval of aversive memory, since female rats in proestrus or estrus phase, characterized by high estrogen concentrations, showed no aversive memory deficits. Furthermore, despite the increased plasma levels of corticosterone observed in female rats subjected to restraint stress and social isolation, anxiety levels were unaltered, compared to those various stress conditions. Animal models based on psychological and social stress have been extensively discussed in the literature. Correlate behavioral responses, physiological and psychological have contributed in increasing the understanding of stress-induced psychophysiological disorders / A exposi??o a fatores estressantes promove mudan?as fisiol?gicas adaptativas do organismo ao meio ambiente. Dependendo do tipo, da intensidade e dura??o, o estresse pode afetar algumas fun??es cognitivas, particularmente o processo de aprendizagem e de mem?ria. Alguns estudos tamb?m t?m proposto que a ansiedade, em certa medida, seria necess?ria para que ocorresse a forma??o da mem?ria. Neste contexto, mem?rias de experi?ncias aversivas anteriores podem determinar a maneira e a intensidade com que s?o expressas as respostas de medo, o que justifica o grande interesse em analisar simultaneamente ansiedade e mem?ria em animais. No mais, machos e f?meas apresentam rea??es distintas em rela??o a est?mulos estressores, mostrando diferentes n?veis de ansiedade e diferen?as no processamento da aquisi??o, reten??o e evoca??o de informa??es mnem?nicas. Frente a essas informa??es, o presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar o efeito do estresse em par?metros comportamentais de aprendizagem, mem?ria e ansiedade de ratas submetidas a diferentes tipos de estressores de longa dura??o, (sete dias consecutivos): conten??o (4h/dia), alta densidade populacional (18h/dia) e isolamento social (18h/dia), nas diferentes fases do ciclo estral. Nossos resultados mostraram que o estresse promovido pela conten??o e pelo isolamento social n?o promoveram altera??es no processo de aquisi??o, mas promoveu preju?zos na evoca??o da mem?ria de ratas. Al?m disso, sugere-se um efeito protetor dos horm?nios sexuais sobre a evoca??o da mem?ria aversiva, uma vez que ratas que estavam nas fases proestro ou estro, fase de altas concentra??es plasm?ticas de estr?genos, n?o apresentaram preju?zos na evoca??o dessa mem?ria. No mais, apesar do aumento dos n?veis plasm?ticos de corticosterona observado nas ratas submetidas ao estresse de conten??o e isolamento social, os n?veis de ansiedade permaneceram inalterados frente a essas diferentes condi??es de estresse. Modelos animais baseados em estresse psicol?gico e social t?m sido bastante abordados na literatura. Correlacionar respostas comportamentais, fisiol?gicas e psicol?gicas t?m contribu?do no aumento da compreens?o dos transtornos psicofisiol?gicos envolvidos na resposta de estresse

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