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Aplica??o de termogravimetria acoplada ? espectrometria de massas para caracteriza??o de petr?leo e determina??o da curva de evolu??o de g?s sulf?dricoRibeiro, Marcilio Pelicano 12 February 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-02-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / With the new discoveries of oil and gas, the exploration of fields in various geological basins, imports of other oils and the development of alternative fuels, more and more research labs have evaluated and characterized new types of petroleum and derivatives. Therefore the investment in new techniques and equipment in the samples analysis to
determine their physical and chemical properties, their composition, possible contaminants, especification of products, among others, have multiplied in last years, so development of techniques for rapid and efficient characterization is extremely important for a better economic recovery of oil. Based on this context, this work has two main objectives. The first one is to characterize the oil by thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry (TG-MS), and correlate these results with from other types of characterizations data previously informed. The second is to use the technique to develop a methodology to obtain the curve of evaluation of hydrogen sulfide gas in oil. Thus, four samples were analyzed by TG-MS, and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). TG results can be used to indicate the nature of oil, its tendency in coke formation, temperatures of distillation and cracking, and other features. It was observed in MS evaluations the behavior of oil main compounds with temperature, the points where the volatilized certain fractions and the evaluation gas analysis of sulfide hydrogen that is compared with the evaluation curve obtained by Petrobras with another methodology / Com as novas descobertas de petr?leo e g?s, a explora??o de campos em v?rias bacias geol?gicas, a importa??o de outros ?leos e o desenvolvimento de combust?veis alternativos,
cada vez mais os laborat?rios de pesquisa t?m avaliado e caracterizado novos tipos de petr?leo e derivados. Por conseq??ncia os investimentos em novas t?cnicas e equipamentos de an?lise para determina??o na amostra das suas propriedades f?sico-qu?micas, da sua composi??o, de poss?veis contaminantes, de especifica??o de produtos, entre outros, t?m se multiplicado nos ?ltimos anos, de modo que o desenvolvimento de t?cnicas r?pidas e eficientes de caracteriza??o ? extremamente importante para um melhor aproveitamento econ?mico do petr?leo. Com base neste contexto, este trabalho tem dois objetivos principais.
O primeiro ? caracterizar o petr?leo atrav?s da an?lise termogravim?trica acoplada ? espectrometria de massas (TG-MS), e correlacionar esses resultados com dados de outros
tipos de caracteriza??es previamente informados. O segundo ? utilizar a t?cnica para desenvolver uma metodologia para a obten??o da curva de evolu??o do g?s sulf?drico no
petr?leo. Assim, quatro amostras foram analisadas por TG-MS e por espectrometria de fluoresc?ncia de raios X (FRX). Os resultados obtidos com a termogravimetria podem ser
utilizados para indicar a natureza do petr?leo, sua tend?ncia ? forma??o de coque, temperaturas de destila??o e craqueamento, entre outras caracter?sticas. Nas curvas de
evolu??o obtidas por espectrometria de massas se observam o comportamento dos principais constituintes do petr?leo em fun??o da temperatura, os cortes onde s?o volatilizadas
determinadas fra??es e a gera??o do g?s sulf?drico, que ? comparada com a curva obtida pela Petrobr?s utilizando outra metodologia
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