A model was developed in growing piglets to study the use of urinary total sulfur excretion as an indicator of sulfur amino acid (SAA) catabolism and the nitrogen (N)/sulfur (S) balance ratio as an indicator of non-protein SAA storage. The recovery of administrated methionine as urinary total S over 48 hours was 106% in well-nourished piglets, but only 69% in protein malnourished piglets. The N/S balance ratio of protein malnourished piglets was lower than that of well-nourished piglets, and this ratio further decreased after methionine administration. We conclude that in a protein malnourished state, relatively more S than N is retained and a significant portion of the S derived from administrated methionine is retained in non-protein pools. These results demonstrate that urinary total S excretion can provide an accurate measure of SAA catabolism; and the N/S balance ratio can provide valuable information about non-protein SAA storage in growing piglets.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, 2007. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references (ℓ. 96-105)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on May 1, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Chronic subclinical levels of disease occur frequently in intensive swine production and compromise nutrient utilization efficiency. Sulfur amino acids (methionine plus cysteine; M+C) have been implicated in improving the animal’s response to immune system stimulation (ISS). Research objectives were to determine the effects of ISS on the optimal dietary methionine to methionine plus cysteine ratio (M:M+C) and on the fractional synthesis rate (FSR) of albumin, fibrinogen and total protein in plasma, liver, and small intestine (SI) of growing pigs. A nitrogen balance study showed that the optimal M:M+C was increased during ISS and greater than 0.62. In a flooding dose infusion study it was determined that total plasma protein FSR was increased during ISS and tended to decrease with reduced M+C intake. Plasma albumin FSR decreased with reduced M+C intake. The data implicates M+C as important nutrients involved in the immune response and careful dietary supplementation during ISS is necessary. / Funding sponsored by Evonik Degussa, Ontario Pork, the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on May 12, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

Resumo: O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito do uso de diferentes níveis de lisina e de metionina + cistina digestíveis durante o período pós - muda, sobre a recuperação corporal, desempenho, qualidade de ovos e morfometria do aparelho reprodutor, fígado e pâncreas de poedeiras comerciais no segundo ciclo de produção. Foram utilizadas 432 poedeiras comerciais da linhagem Isa Brown, com 72 semanas de idade, distribuídas em 54 parcelas, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e nove repetições de oito aves cada. Durante o descanso foram utilizados seis rações cujos níveis de lisina e metionina + cistina digestíveis variaram: 0,48% de lisina digestível e 0,43% de metionina+cistina digestíveis; 0,48% de lisina digestível e 0,47% de metionina+cistina digestíveis; 0,48% de lisina digestível e 0,52% de metionina+cistina digestíveis; 0,56% de lisina digestível e 0,50% de metionina+cistina digestíveis; 0,56% de lisina digestível e 0,56% de metionina+cistina digestíveis; 0,56% de lisina digestível e 0,62% de metionina+cistina digestíveis.Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e em caso de efeito significativo, a comparação de médias foi realizada a 5% de probabilidade através do teste de Tukey. Os diferentes níveis de lisina e de metionina+cistina digestíveis das dietas de descanso, determinaram efeitos significativos sobre os parâmetros de desempenho das aves. Observou-se que, o nível de 0,56% de lisina e 0,56% de metionina + cistina digestíveis, proporcionou maior peso dos ovos durante o segundo ciclo de produção / Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using different levels of lysine and methionine + cystine, about the body recovery, performance and egg quality of laying hens in the post molt. It was used four hundred and thirty two hens of Isa Brown strain, with 72 weeks of age, distributed in 54 cages in a completely randomized design with six treatments and nine replicates of eight birds each. During the rest period, were used six diets with different levels of digestible lysine and methionine + cystine. The values ranged from: 0.48% digestible lysine and 0,43% methionine + cystine; 0.48% digestible lysine and 0.47% methionine + cystine; 0.48% digestible lysine and 0.52% methionine + cystine; 0.56% digestible lysine and 0.50% methionine + cystine; 0.56% digestible lysine and 0, 56% methionine + cystine; 0.56% digestible lysine and 0.62% methionine + cystine. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and in case of significant effect, the comparison of means was performed at 5% probability by Tukey test. The different levels of lysine and methionine + cystine diets of rest have determined significant effects on the performance parameters of laying hens. It was observed that the level of 0.56% lysine and 0.56% methionine + cystine, resulted in greater weight of eggs during the second production cycle / Orientador: Otto Mack Junqueira / Coorientador: Silvana Martinez Baraldi Artoni / Banca: Antônio Carlos de Laurentiz / Banca: Rosimeire da Silva Filardi / Mestre

No / Glutathione depletion is a consistent feature of the progression of mild to severe acute pancreatitis. In this study, we examined the temporal relationship between cysteine, homocysteine, and cysteinyl-glycine levels; total reduced erythrocyte glutathione; gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity; and disease severity. Initially, cysteine concentration was low, at levels similar to those of healthy controls. However, glutathione was reduced whilst cysteinyl glycine and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity were increased in both mild and severe attacks. As the disease progressed, glutathione and cysteinyl glycine were further increased in mild attacks and cysteine levels correlated with homocysteine (r = 0.8, P < 0.001) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity (r = 0.75, P < 0.001). The progress of severe attacks was associated with glutathione depletion, reduced gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity, and increased cysteinyl glycine that correlated with glutathione depletion (r = 0.99, P = 0.01). These results show that glutathione depletion associated with severe acute pancreatitis occurs despite an adequate cysteine supply and could be attributed to heightened oxidative stress coupled to impaired downstream biosynthesis.