Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, Sept. 2004. / Thesis Advisor(s): Cynthia E. Irvine, Deborah S. Shifflett. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-75). Also available online.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio State University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 166-170). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

published_or_final_version / Electrical and Electronic Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 132-142) Also available in print.

Submitted in fulfillment of the academic requirements for the Degree Master of Engineering (Electronic), Department of Electronic Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2016. / The proposed supervisory control and data acquisition solution is intended to gather data from all sub-systems and provide control commands related to the Indlebe Radio Telescope. Currently the control commands are executed from the command line prompt of the Skypipe software. These control commands are used to change the elevation angle of the antenna. The supervisory control and data acquisition system will be interfaced to sub-systems namely; a programmable logic controller, a weather station, an uninterruptible power supply and a camera. It will be used to manually or automatically control the elevation angle of the antenna, includes a menu structure that allows for easy navigation to the sub-systems and allows for trending, alarming, logging and monitoring of all system parameters. The proposed system will mitigate the lack of information on the existing system. A global system for mobile communication unit has also been installed to monitor the temperature within the Indlebe control room, detect a power failure and communicate this information to supervisors, using its short message service option. Implementing a solution of this nature means that all data from the various sub-systems are brought together, giving a single platform to monitor data and provide manual and automatic control functionality. Problem solving, understanding and maintenance of the system will also become easier. / D

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / Two recent trends have raised concerns about the security and stability of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. The first is a move to define standard interfaces and communications protocols in support of cross-vendor compatibility and modularity. The second is a move to connect nodes in a SCADA system to open networks such as the Internet. Recent failures of critical infrastructure SCADA systems highlight these concerns. To ensure continued operations in times of crisis, SCADA systems, particularly those operating in our critical infrastructure, must be secured. Developing an abstract generic framework for defining and understanding SCADA systems is a necessary first step. A framework can provide the tools to understand the system's functions and capabilities, and how components in the system relate and interface with each other. This thesis examines and describes SCADA systems, their components, and commonly used communications protocols. It presents a matrix approach to describing and defining the features, functions and capabilities of a SCADA system. Two small SCADA systems, using industry standard components and simulating real world applications, were designed and constructed for this thesis to provide context for applying the matrix approach. / Captain, United States Marine Corps

No description available.

A crescente competitividade entre as indústrias de manufatura faz com que as empresas se preocupem cada vez mais com questões relacionadas à qualidade, produtividade e redução de custo. A concorrência internacional, bastante incisiva nos setores industriais de transformação de matérias-primas é, de fato, uma questão preocupante. Para tornarem-se competitivas, as empresas precisam extrair mais produtos com uma mesma quantidade de insumos e produzir mais, em menores frações de tempo, tornando as restrições de tempo e recursos cada vez mais severas. Melhores desempenhos e processos mais eficientes podem ser obtidos por meio da automação industrial. Porém, tais projetos são normalmente desenvolvidos sem a utilização de abordagens formais e os resultados obtidos dependem, quase que exclusivamente, da experiência dos projetistas. Não é possível afirmar que um conjunto de máquinas esteja operando sem qualquer situação de bloqueio, ou ainda, que esteja produzindo da maneira mais eficiente possível, tendo-se como critério o tempo de execução das operações. Por intermédio de abordagens formais, como a Teoria de Controle Supervisório (TCS), é possível a síntese automática de supervisores, que permitem a operação de uma planta, os quais, além de atender aos requisitos de segurança, evitam que o sistema atinja uma situação de bloqueio. Este trabalho apresenta algumas extensões dessa teoria, de modo que o supervisor ótimo satisfaça também às especificações de sequenciamento de operações e de prazo de finalização de tarefas, com a abordagem de autômatos temporizados. O problema de escalonamento de tarefas, diretamente relacionado ao planejamento de produção nas indústrias, é um problema de otimização, de tal maneira que a sequência de execução das etapas seja organizada para que o tempo total de processamento seja minimizado. Nessa pesquisa, uma proposta de um método para a obtenção de escalonamento de operações, com a utilização de autômatos temporizados e conceitos da teoria de controle supervisório, é apresentada. Propõe-se um algoritmo para a obtenção de uma sequência ótima de operações, tendo-se como critério o tempo total para a finalização do processo. O método é aplicado em uma célula automatizada em uma indústria fabricante de elevadores, onde foi possível determinar o tempo mínimo de processamento de um determinado item. Por meio da pesquisa de métodos e algoritmos para a obtenção de escalonamento de tarefas em ambientes fabris, procura-se atender às necessidades estratégicas das indústrias, na busca por sistemas de manufatura cada vez mais eficientes e competitivos. / The growing competition among manufacturing industries causes companies to worry more and more with issues related to quality, productivity and cost reduction. International competition, quite incisive among raw material processing manufacturers, is actually a very concerning situation. To become more competitive, enterprises have to produce more with the same amount of raw materials, or in a shorter time, making the constraints of time and resources increasingly severe. A better performance and more efficient processes can be obtained by means of industrial automation. However, such projects are normally designed without any formal approach and the achieved results depend, more than anything else, on engineers’ expertise. It cannot be stated that a machine set is working without any deadlock situation, or is producing in the most efficient way possible, considering operations´ execution time as efficiency criteria. By means of formal approaches such as Supervisory Control Theory (SCT), it is possible to synthesize supervisors automatically, that allow a plant to operate, in a way that, not only safety requirements are fulfilled, but the system is also prevented to reach a deadlock situation. This work presents this theory and its extensions, so the optimal supervisor satisfies task scheduling requirements and job completion deadlines, by using timed automata frameworks. The job shop scheduling problem, which directly relates to manufacturers´ production planning, is an optimization problem, where all the processing steps are organized in way that the total processing time is minimized. A methodology is presented for the job shop scheduling, by means of timed automata and supervisory control theory. An algorithm for acquiring an optimal operation sequence is proposed, considering the total time needed to finalize a process as the optimization criteria. The method is applied in an automated cell in a elevator manufacturing industry, where it was possible to obtain the minimal time needed to process a certain part. Through algorithms and methods for job shop scheduling in industrial environments, it is intended to meet the manufacturers´ strategic needs, in their search for manufacturing systems that are increasingly more efficient and competitive.

A crescente competitividade entre as indústrias de manufatura faz com que as empresas se preocupem cada vez mais com questões relacionadas à qualidade, produtividade e redução de custo. A concorrência internacional, bastante incisiva nos setores industriais de transformação de matérias-primas é, de fato, uma questão preocupante. Para tornarem-se competitivas, as empresas precisam extrair mais produtos com uma mesma quantidade de insumos e produzir mais, em menores frações de tempo, tornando as restrições de tempo e recursos cada vez mais severas. Melhores desempenhos e processos mais eficientes podem ser obtidos por meio da automação industrial. Porém, tais projetos são normalmente desenvolvidos sem a utilização de abordagens formais e os resultados obtidos dependem, quase que exclusivamente, da experiência dos projetistas. Não é possível afirmar que um conjunto de máquinas esteja operando sem qualquer situação de bloqueio, ou ainda, que esteja produzindo da maneira mais eficiente possível, tendo-se como critério o tempo de execução das operações. Por intermédio de abordagens formais, como a Teoria de Controle Supervisório (TCS), é possível a síntese automática de supervisores, que permitem a operação de uma planta, os quais, além de atender aos requisitos de segurança, evitam que o sistema atinja uma situação de bloqueio. Este trabalho apresenta algumas extensões dessa teoria, de modo que o supervisor ótimo satisfaça também às especificações de sequenciamento de operações e de prazo de finalização de tarefas, com a abordagem de autômatos temporizados. O problema de escalonamento de tarefas, diretamente relacionado ao planejamento de produção nas indústrias, é um problema de otimização, de tal maneira que a sequência de execução das etapas seja organizada para que o tempo total de processamento seja minimizado. Nessa pesquisa, uma proposta de um método para a obtenção de escalonamento de operações, com a utilização de autômatos temporizados e conceitos da teoria de controle supervisório, é apresentada. Propõe-se um algoritmo para a obtenção de uma sequência ótima de operações, tendo-se como critério o tempo total para a finalização do processo. O método é aplicado em uma célula automatizada em uma indústria fabricante de elevadores, onde foi possível determinar o tempo mínimo de processamento de um determinado item. Por meio da pesquisa de métodos e algoritmos para a obtenção de escalonamento de tarefas em ambientes fabris, procura-se atender às necessidades estratégicas das indústrias, na busca por sistemas de manufatura cada vez mais eficientes e competitivos. / The growing competition among manufacturing industries causes companies to worry more and more with issues related to quality, productivity and cost reduction. International competition, quite incisive among raw material processing manufacturers, is actually a very concerning situation. To become more competitive, enterprises have to produce more with the same amount of raw materials, or in a shorter time, making the constraints of time and resources increasingly severe. A better performance and more efficient processes can be obtained by means of industrial automation. However, such projects are normally designed without any formal approach and the achieved results depend, more than anything else, on engineers’ expertise. It cannot be stated that a machine set is working without any deadlock situation, or is producing in the most efficient way possible, considering operations´ execution time as efficiency criteria. By means of formal approaches such as Supervisory Control Theory (SCT), it is possible to synthesize supervisors automatically, that allow a plant to operate, in a way that, not only safety requirements are fulfilled, but the system is also prevented to reach a deadlock situation. This work presents this theory and its extensions, so the optimal supervisor satisfies task scheduling requirements and job completion deadlines, by using timed automata frameworks. The job shop scheduling problem, which directly relates to manufacturers´ production planning, is an optimization problem, where all the processing steps are organized in way that the total processing time is minimized. A methodology is presented for the job shop scheduling, by means of timed automata and supervisory control theory. An algorithm for acquiring an optimal operation sequence is proposed, considering the total time needed to finalize a process as the optimization criteria. The method is applied in an automated cell in a elevator manufacturing industry, where it was possible to obtain the minimal time needed to process a certain part. Through algorithms and methods for job shop scheduling in industrial environments, it is intended to meet the manufacturers´ strategic needs, in their search for manufacturing systems that are increasingly more efficient and competitive.

M.Ing. / The dissertation covers the establishment of a project from the point of view of a project manager. The document refers to examples where possible to illustrate the actual process through which a project goes during the life-cycle of the project. The first chapter provides an introduction to the context of the project and informs the reader of the type of project which the dissertation discusses. An overview of SCAD A (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems is discussed followed by field hardware to highlight the environment of typical engineering projects in the automation industry. An introduction to project management is discussed to set the context of the dissertation in motion. The second chapter covers the relevant theoretical stages of a project starting from the early stages of defining the project scope through to the project closure. Each of the stages in the project are dissected and considered within the context of a typical SCAD A oriented project. The third chapter is a case study of the "Jwaneng SCADA Project," which is the name assigned to the project from this point onwards. The project illustrates a typical project which an engineering project manager will manage. The project covers the details of the work involved in the project by passing through all the stages involved in an engineering project. Each stage of the project is illustrated by making reference to appendices containing project specific documents. The project is considered from the point of the original development of the project plan through to the completion of the project. This involves extensive controlling and ensuring that the project is running smoothly. These basic principles are illustrated in the document and aim to inform the reader on the successful dissection and implementation of a proper engineering project plan from start to finish.