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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

O problema dos universais no medievo: o nominalismo de Ockham e a passagem da ontologia à lógica

Souza, Laiza Rodrigues de 03 November 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-06-30T11:55:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 1535462 bytes, checksum: 687de72e828e46b218bdfeac98271fb9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-30T11:55:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 1535462 bytes, checksum: 687de72e828e46b218bdfeac98271fb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-03 / This work intends to present an overview of the medieval Quarrel of Universal. The debate about the status of universals has its conceptual basis in the thought of the ancient philosophers and traditionally opens with the formulation of Porphyry. During the Middle Ages there were several hypotheses about what state of universal, among which we highlight the realism of Duns Scotus and Bonaventure, the extreme nominalism of Roscellinus and the anti-realism of Peter Abelard. Finally, we present the William of Ockham’s solution to the problem of universals. With a nominalist position, which is against the existence of any universal entity out of mind, Ockham develops an theory of supposition in which universals are taken as mentally that according to a semantic function, take the place of individuals referred to in a propositional context. Thus, we try to show how Ockham's perspective brings the problem of universal from the ontological scope for the logical. / Este trabalho pretende apresentar um panorama geral da Querela dos Universais do medievo. O debate acerca do estado dos universais tem suas bases conceituais no pensamento dos filósofos antigos e se inaugura tradicionalmente com a formulação de Porfírio de Tiro. Durante a Idade Média surgiram várias hipóteses acerca de qual estado dos universais, dentre as quais destacamos o realismo de Duns Scotus e Boaventura, o nominalismo extremo de Roscelino e o anti-realismo de Pedro Abelardo. Finalmente, apresentamos a solução de Guilherme de Ockham ao problema dos universais. Com um posicionamento nominalista, que é contrário a existência de qualquer entidade universal fora da mente, Ockham desenvolve uma teoria da suposição na qual os universais são tomados como termos mentais que, de acordo com uma função semântica, ocupam o lugar dos particulares a que se referem num contexto proposicional. Deste modo, procuramos mostrar como a perspectiva de Ockham traz o problema dos universais do âmbito ontológico para o lógico.

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