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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estimação do tamanho ótimo das empresas na indústria manufatureira brasileira

Friche, Simone Castella 30 June 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Roberta Lorenzon (roberta.lorenzon@fgv.br) on 2011-05-23T12:40:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 63080100001.pdf: 1298963 bytes, checksum: 2aa3f5c6602ec74daf85a303ab1d1fc8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia(suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2011-05-23T12:50:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 63080100001.pdf: 1298963 bytes, checksum: 2aa3f5c6602ec74daf85a303ab1d1fc8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia(suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2011-05-23T12:51:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 63080100001.pdf: 1298963 bytes, checksum: 2aa3f5c6602ec74daf85a303ab1d1fc8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-23T12:54:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 63080100001.pdf: 1298963 bytes, checksum: 2aa3f5c6602ec74daf85a303ab1d1fc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-30 / O tamanho ótimo de uma empresa exerce papel importante na determinação da estrutura de mercado, nas decisões de planejamento de empresas, e em políticas de regulação e antitruste. Assim, um dos principais objetivos deste trabalho foi estimar o tamanho ótimo (ou EME) das empresas para 106 setores da indústria manufatureira brasileira, num contexto de informação limitada. Outro objetivo foi analisar a mudança do tamanho ótimo das empresas devido ao processo de abertura comercial brasileiro. Para isso foram empregados dois procedimentos em sequência: Máxima Entropia (GOLAN, JUDGE & PERLOFF, 1996) e Survivor Technique (STIGLER, 1958). Primeiramente aplicamos a Máxima Entropia, para estimar as distribuições de market shares em cada setor utilizando somente medidas de concentração. Os dados se referem aos anos de 1978, 1995 e 1997. O próximo procedimento consistiu na aplicação da survivor technique a estas distribuições para encontrarmos o tamanho ótimo da empresa nos períodos pré e pós abertura comercial. Os resultados indicam que o processo de abertura comercial contribuiu para uma elevação do tamanho ótimo das empresas em mais de 60% dos setores. Este aumento ocorreu principalmente em setores capital intensivo e que apresentavam elevadas taxas de participação de empresas estrangeiras. Esses resultados corroboram os argumentos da literatura de organização industrial e comércio internacional que afirmam que o elevado protecionismo estimulou a proliferação de empresas pequenas e ineficientes que operam com escalas reduzidas e pouco competitivas. / The optimal firm size plays an important role in determining market structure, planning business decisions, and for antitrust and regulation. Thus, one goal of this study was to estimate the optimal firm size (or EME) for 106 sectors of Brazilian manufacturing industry in a context of limited information. Another goal was to analyze the change of the optimal firm size due to trade liberalization in Brazil. For this purpose two procedures were used in sequence: Maximum Entropy (GOLAN, JUDGE & PERLOFF, 1996) and Survivor Technique (STIGLER, 1958). First we applied the Maximum Entropy to estimate the distribution of market shares in each sector using only measures of concentration. Data refer to the years 1978, 1995 and 1997. The next procedure was the application of the survivor technique to these distributions to find the optimal firm size during the periods before and after trade liberalization. The results indicate that the trade liberalization process has contributed to an increase in the optimal firm size in over 60% of the sectors. This increase occurred mainly in capital intensive sectors that had high foreign firms’ ownership rates. These results support the arguments of industrial organization and international trade literature which claim that the high protectionism stimulated the proliferation of small and inefficient firms producing on small and not competitive scales.

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