Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, March, 2006. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-73)

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on January 11, 2010). At head of title: University of Alberta. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Forest Economics, Department of Rural Economy. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-94).

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Ground based forest inventory surveys can provide highly accurate measurements of tree and stand characteristics, but are time-consuming and costly, and therefore typically limited to number of sample plots.  Estimating tree and stand characteristics from digitised aerial photographs can provide measurements from the whole stand, but is less accurate.  The goal of this study was to evaluate the application of scanned, stereo aerial photography and digital photogrammetry in combination with tree crown delineation techniques to measure tree and stand characteristics in two sites in Scotland, Rosarie and Leanachan forests.  Existing medium-resolution scanned images of true colour aerial photographs (1:10,000) were used to derive Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) of the forest canopy and digital orthophotographs.  Tree crown delineation techniques were used on the derived digital orthophotographs and tree crown measurements including crown area and coordinates of each crown were derived.  The DEMs in combination with Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) derived from digital contour maps, were used for the estimation of tree and stand heights.  Equations derived from regression analysis of individual tree measurements on the ground, and the orthophotographs from Rosarie forest, were used for the estimation of tree and stand characteristics of both sites. For Rosarie forest the estimations of stand top height, basal area, stand volume stand biomass and stand density (~23.7%) were similar with the ground measured stand characteristics (<span lang=EN-GB style='font-family:Symbol'>±10%), where as for Leanachan forest the estimations were less accurate due to the non-optimum illumination conditions during the acquisition of the aerial photographs. The level of accuracy achieved in this study is adequate for measuring tree and stand characteristics, if the acquisition conditions of aerial photographs are optimal.  Higher level of accuracy may be possible, but requires more accurate DTMs, possibly derived using active airborne remote sensing sensors.

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One part of the afforestation programme consisted of the establishment of an afforestation trial on a bog and fen site in central Newfoundland to determine growth and nutrient response of newly-planted black spruce (<I>Picea mariana</I> (Mill.) B.S.P.) and eastern larch (<I>Larix laricina</I> ((Du Roi) K.Koch). The experimental design was a split-split-plot consisting of surface treatments (untilled, tilled) as main-plot treatments, fertilization (unfertilized, PK) as split-plot treatments and four ditch spacings ( 3 m, 5 m, 7 m, and 15 m) as split-split-plot treatments. A total of 3,960 25-week old container seedlings of each species were planted on each site at spacings of 0.50 m in rows of nine trees, each row being situated at a distance of 1.0 m apart. Surfaces were tilled at 0-200 mm depth using a farm rotovater attached to the back of a tractor. Ditches were made at depths of 0.50-0.75 m with a Dondi ditcher attached to the back of a tractor, and fertilizers were broadcast at the rate of 60 kg/ha P and 50 kg/ha K. The second part of the afforestation programme was a refertilization trial of 1) Japanese larch (<I>Larix leptolepis</I> Seib and Zucc.) and black spruce trees planted on Stephenville bog in western Newfoundland in 1968; and 2) black spruce, white spruce (<I>Picea glauca</I> (Moench) Voss) and lodgepole pine (<I>Pinus contorta</I> Dougl.) planted on Millertown fen in central Newfoundland in 1973. Both sites had been ploughed with a Parkgate-Tyne plough at 1.8 m spacings 1-2 years prior to planting. Following planting of the Stephenville site in 1968, the black spruce and Japanese larch were spot-fertilized (around each tree) with a top-dressing of 57 g of ground mineral rock phosphate. This procedure was repeated in 1970 with 128 g of a mixture of phosphate and potassium (20% P₂O₂, 20% K₂O). On the Millertown site, all trees were spot-fertilized in 1973 with a mixture of 71 g urea, 99 g rock phosphate and 41 g potassium sulfate.