Inaug.-Diss.--Greifswald. / Vita.

Given the relative paucity of treatments relating to both the 1532 and 1538 Bern Gespräche, alongside a growing historiography which has offered a clearer understanding of the backdrop around which these two debates were held, the focus of this research project will be to provide a comparative analysis of the recorded dialogues from the debates at Bern. This ecclesiologically focused comparison aims to discern whether the debate relating to the nature of the church at the 1538 session was merely a redundant exercise and continuation of the earlier 1532 disputation or whether the latter debate offered anything substantively new to the ongoing religious dialogue between these two groups. Furthermore, all of the respective views on the nature of the church manifest in these debates will be examined in light of the preceding Anabaptist/Reformed dialogue of the period to determine their place contextually. Having embarked upon the aforementioned goals several conclusions may be definitively drawn. First, the major ecclesiological suppositions expressed by both the Anabaptist and Reformed participants at the 1538 debate were, in fact, retained using the same core theological elements employed by their predecessors at the 1532 debate. Yet, despite this striking similarity, the independent nature of these debates must also be acknowledged. This may primarily be found in that both groups expressed their retained ecclesiologies with notable variation in things such as language, argumentative content, biblical corroboration, and illustrative evidence. Finally, both the similar and independent nature of these events will be shown to have been largely derived from the Anabaptist/Reformed dialogue already begun as the Swiss Brethren movement emerged from under Zwingli’s reform efforts in Zürich. Each of these conclusions should help to paint a more accurate portrait of not only what was accomplished through these debates, but where each stands contextually during the period.

This thesis studies word order variations in Swiss-German sentences that contain infinitival complements. Such sentences exhibit interesting word order. Verbs can be in different orders and the objects selected by these verbs can be in different positions relative to them. The aim of this thesis is to give a general account of these word order facts based solely on structural properties of the complements in the underlying structure. In particular, it is claimed that Swiss-German verbs that take infinitival complements do not all select the same type of complements. Some verbs (like modals, perception verbs and causatives) select VPs, others (like raising verbs) select IPs and others (like control verbs) select IPs or CPs. Mechanisms such as extraposition, verb raising and proliticization then apply to different structures in order for the sentence to satisfy T-linking. Extraposition applies to IPs and CPs, verb raising to IPs and VPs and procliticization to verbs that are sister to VPs.

An archaeological records check and field reconnaissance have been completed for a proposed utility improvement project in Switzerland County, Indiana. Twenty-nine archaeological sites were documented. These sites date from the Early Archaic to the twentieth-century.Two sites, 12Sw381 and 12Sw386, were recommended for archaeological intensive assessments, or avoidance. Two sites, 12Sw366 and 12Sw368, were considered potentially eligible to the State and National Registers of Historic Places. These sites were not recommended for further assessment, because the proposed project would not adversely effect their significant archaeological resources. Three areas were also recommended for a subsurface reconnaissance.Beyond these areas and resources, it was recommended that the remainder of the proposed project be allowed to proceed. However, it was recommended that if any unanticipated archaeological resources were encountered, the project should be halted and the Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology of the Indiana Department of Natural Resources contacted before work resumes. / Department of Anthropology

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Bern.

Habilitation--Universität, Mainz, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [555]-565) and index.

This study charts the developing relationship between the Zurich church and Italian-speaking Protestants between around 1540 and 1620. It explores the close ties that were established between Zurich's senior minister, Heinrich Bullinger, and Italian evangelical exiles in Switzerland and elsewhere from the early 1540s, and describes how the Zurich church facilitated the spread of Protestantism in Italian-speaking regions such as Locarno and southern Graubünden. That process culminated in the setting-up in Zurich, under Bullinger's patronage, of an Italian Reformed congregation. A particular concern of the thesis is the threat to the integrity of the Zwinglian settlement posed by the ideas and activities of religious radicals within the Italian exile community. To begin with, Bullinger was confident that those 'heretics' could be accommodated within the emerging Reformed consensus. However, a series of doctrinal disputes during the 1540s, 1550s and 1560s revealed the extent of the radicals' differences with Reformed orthodoxy and compelled the Zurichers to revise their judgement. Bullinger's hostile reaction to the publication of the allegedly heterodox Dialogi XXX by his Italian colleague, Bernardino Ochino, signalled a move from conciliation to confrontation. From the early 1560s, the Zurich divines assumed an active role in the Reformed campaign to shore up Nicene orthodoxy against the criticisms of Italian antitrinitarians, and to expel radicals from the Italian-speaking churches of the Rhaetian Freestate. In the process, they endeavoured to counter the charges of heresy that had long bedevilled Zwinglianism by articulating a conservative, 'catholic' definition of their church's identity. The study concludes by examining how relations between the Zurich church and the Italian Reformed communities of Graubünden and its subject lands were placed on a new, co-operative basis once the radical challenge had been repelled. Through its support for those vulnerable congregations, I suggest, the Zurich church gave evidence of its continued commitment to the international Protestant cause during the period following Bullinger's death. The correspondence of Bullinger and other Zurich ministers forms the dissertation's most important source. The study also draws on works produced by the Zurich divines in the context of their exchanges with Italian evangelicals, the works of the Italian exiles themselves, and the records of Zurich's Italian-speaking community.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)

No description available.

Garnet-bearing gneisses from the vicinity of Passo del Sole, Central Swiss Alps, have undergone a complex history of metamorphism and deformation that has imbued them with unique compositional and textural variations. Complex, concentric zoning patterns in garnet may be correlated between porphyroblasts on the scale of a hand sample; however, the character of the Ca, Mn, and Y zoning patterns in garnet vary within single layers on the meter-scale. Within a hand sample, individual compositional zones can be correlated from crystal to crystal on the basis of chemical similarities (e.g., intricate yet identical variations in calcium concentration; equivalent manganese concentrations at zone boundaries) and textural similarities (e.g., initiation of inclusiontrail curvature). These relationships allow the identification of individual compositional zones as time markers during garnet growth. Detailed examination of garnet growth zoning patterns, in combination with measurements of inclusion-trail curvature within garnet porphyroblasts and detailed thermodynamic models of the garnet growth history in selected samples, together with an assumed heating rate associated with Alpine metamorphism, allows quantification of strain-rates during prograde amphibolite-facies metamorphism along the northern margin of the Lucomagno nappe. Constraints on the nucleation and timing of garnet growth and garnet growth rate mechanisms permit further insight into the relationship between strainrate and metamorphism at Passo del Sole than had previously been possible with this method: variations in strain-rate magnitude of over a factor of ten (10⁻¹⁴ - 10⁻¹³ s⁻¹) are observed, which correlate with core-to-rim changes in compositional zoning. The source of the incredible diversity of compositional zoning patterns in garnet is hypothesized to be open-system infiltration of ephemeral, channelized Ca- or Mn-rich fluids derived from magmatic sources or equilibrated with metamorphic rocks deeper in the section. Stages of garnet growth associated with increased strain rates are also correlated with the high-Ca or high-Mn zones within the garnet porphyroblasts, presumably as the result of strain softening associated with the passage of these fluids. In-situ oxygen isotope analysis using SIMS demonstrates that the changes in majorelement zoning patterns correlate with small shifts in the isotopic composition of garnet. / text