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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Aspectos ecol?gicos e comportamentais do cupim subterr?neo Asi?tico Coptotermes gestroi Wasmann (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae / Ecological and behavioral aspects of Asian subterraneous termite, Coptotermes gestroi Wasmann (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Serop?dica: UFRRJ, 2004. 84p. (MSc. dissertatio).

Brito, Henrique Noronha Figueiredo de 15 June 2004 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2004-Henrique Noronha Figueredo de Brito.pdf: 2218652 bytes, checksum: 99b76927025a1c7d2189d065209f2c9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-06-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work was a conducted at the campus of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, objectifying to study the behavior of the Asian subterraneous termite Coptotermes gestroi under various aspects to find new strategies to manage this insect through the knowledge its ecology. The first experiment remained in the field from June 04th to July 28th, 2003 having as objective to monitor environmental variables that could be influencing the foraging of this termite in 13 selected areas with distinct visual characteristics, according to the type of vegetation, luminosity, proximity of constructed areas and humidity. The environmental variables considered were: morning and afternoon brightness; temperature of the soil in the morning and afternoon and soil moisture. The absence of foraging during the dry period of the year indicated that drought is one of the main factors for the movement of this subterraneous termite species. The subsequent experiments were performed in laboratory under dark environment and designed, as a randomized complete block design with split-plots. Each block consisted of a central container with humid substrate (vermiculite), linked to five other containers by tubes. Laborers and soldiers of C. gestroi were introduced in the interior of the central container, on the ratio of 5:1, totalizing 120 individuals. One of the experiments had as objective to verify their attractiveness to four woods, the survival of these individuals and the consumption of each. The odor of the wood exerted basic role in the consumption; the density of each one influenced on the period of permanence of the individuals while that the flavor was an important factor for the consumption, mainly, in longer periods. The second study evidenced the influence of two nitrogen sources (nitrate and ammonia) and three concentrations (0, 0.5 and 1 molar) on the attractiveness and the consumption of treated wood. Positive influence in the wood consumption exists when nitrogen was applied. On the other hand, nitrogen. also exerted great influence in the mortality , caused by the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizum anisoplae on the wood. However, nitrogen under ammonium form, resulted in lower comsumption preference and worse conditions for the development of M. anisoplae. / Este trabalho foi realizado no campus da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, objetivando estudar o comportamento do cupim subterr?neo asi?tico Coptotermes gestroi sob diversos aspectos para encontrar novos mecanismos de manejo atrav?s do conhecimento da ecologia desse inseto. O primeiro trabalho permaneceu no campo durante o per?odo de 04 de junho a 28 de julho de 2003, tendo como objetivo monitorar quais vari?veis ambientais estariam influenciando o forrageamento desse cupim em 13 ?reas selecionadas a partir de caracter?sticas visuais distintas relacionadas, ao tipo de vegeta??o, luminosidade, proximidade de ?reas constru?das e umidade. As vari?veis ambientais avaliadas foram: luminosidade de manh? e ? tarde; temperatura do solo, pela manh? e ? tarde; umidade do solo pela manh?. A aus?ncia de forrageamento durante o per?odo seco do ano indicou que a falta de umidade ? um dos fatores principais para a movimenta??o do cupim subterr?neo. Os experimentos subseq?entes foram realizados em laborat?rio com ambiente escurecido e montados, seguindo um mesmo modelo experimental de blocos ao acaso com arranjo em parcelas subdivididas no tempo. Cada bloco constituiu-se de um recipiente central preenchido com substrato ?mido (vermiculita) e interligado a outros cinco recipientes por interm?dio de tubula??es. No interior do recipiente central foram introduzidos oper?rios e soldados de C. gestroi, mantendo a propor??o de 5:1, totalizando 120 indiv?duos. Um dos experimentos teve como objetivo verificar a atratividade de quatro ess?ncias florestais ? sobreviv?ncia desses indiv?duos e o consumo de cada madeira. O odor da madeira exerceu papel fundamental no consumo e a densidade de cada uma influenciou no per?odo de perman?ncia dos indiv?duos sobre as mesmas enquanto que a palatabilidade foi fator preponderante para o consumo, mormente, em per?odos mais longos. O segundo estudo permitiu constatar a influ?ncia de duas fontes de nitrog?nio (nitrato e am?nia) em tr?s doses (0, 0.5 e 1 molar) sobre a atratividade e o consumo da madeira tratada. O estudo permite ainda verificar que existe influ?ncia positiva no consumo de madeira quando o nitrog?nio ? aplicado. Em contrapartida, esse mesmo nitrog?nio exerceu maior influ?ncia na mortalidade dos indiv?duos submetidos ao tratamento, em virtude da presen?a do fungo entomopatog?nico Metarhizum anisoplae sobre as estacas. No entanto, o nitrog?nio sob a forma amoniacal, apresentou menor prefer?ncia de consumo e piores condi??es para o desenvolvimento do M. anisoplae.

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