The instrumentation amplifier (IA) is one of the crucial blocks in an electrocardiogram recording system. It is the first block in the analog front-end chain that processes the ECG signal from the human body and thus it defines some of the most important specifications of the ECG system like the noise and common mode rejection ratio (CMRR). The extremely low ECG signal bandwidth also makes it difficult to achieve a fully integrated system. In this thesis, a fully integrated IA topology is presented that achieves low noise levels and low power dissipation. The chopper stabilized technique is implemented together with an AC coupled amplifier to reduce the effect of flicker noise while eliminating the effect of the differential electrode offset (DEO). An ultra low power operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is the only active power consuming block in the IA and so an overall low power consumption is achieved. A new implementation of a large resistor using the T-network is presented which makes it easy to achieve a fully integrated solution. The proposed IA operates on a 2V supply and consumes a total current of 1.4µA while achieving an integrated noise of 1.2µVrms within the bandwidth. The proposed IA will relax the power and noise requirements of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that immediately follows it in the signal chain and thus reduce the cost and increase the lifetime of the recording device. The proposed IA has been implemented in the ONSEMI 0.5µm CMOS technology.

This master´s thesis deals with the design of the control circuits for digital potentiometers and their application in analog systems. Digital potentiometers are three-terminal resistors with an adjustable center connection. The digital potentiomneters enable to drive logic gates, LED drivers, LCD drivers, analog switches etc. Controlling of these mentioned devices is possible by the I2C 2- wire serial bus (invented by Philips). The digital potentiometers are used to control of the primary parameters like cut-off frequency and quality factor in the state variable filter and cut-off frequency in a passive filter. Both filters are simulated in PSpice and then compared with the measured results. Next parts of this master's thesis are a computer program and a exemplary protocol.

Although induction motors are the simplest and most working reliability machines, is the identification of the parameters of their substituting circuit very difficult. There is solved the identification of the parameters of the substituting circuit in the T-network and ? –network in this work. The work also includes the proposal of magnetic circuit of the induction motor, the calculation of magnetizing and leakage inductances and resistances of the machine. The conclusion of the work is devoted to the sensitivity analysis of current and torque characteristics of induction motor upon the change of the single parameters of the substituting circuit.

The first part of this work is devoted to the design of a traction asynchronous motor. The second part focuses on the developed method of the equivalent circuit parameters identification of the asynchronous motor in the form of -network. It is explained here that the equivalent circuit in the shape of a -network, alternatively of an inverse 'I-network, is exactly equivalent and fully-fledged to a T-network, although one of two stray inductances is formally missing. Furthermore, the relationships for the conversions of the T-network parameters to the -network parameters and back, and of the T-network to the inverse 'I-network and back are found. The third part deals with the calculation of the torque and the current characteristics of the asynchronous motor. A sensitive analysis of the torque characteristic is carried out on the individual parameters of the equivalent circuit of the asynchronous motor in the form of a -network and a method of the measurement by means of a flywheel is used for the torque characteristic measurement of the asynchronous motor. The fourth part focuses on the verification of the identified -network parameters in the Matlab-model of the traction drive.

This letter presents a low-noise amplifier with a 3 dB-bandwidth, from 55 to 74 GHz, excellent noise performance and low power consumption based on a three-stage common-source topology. For the first time to the authors’ best knowledge, an analytical equation that also considers the gate–drain capacitance is derived for the employed shunt–series transformer feedback input matching network. To enable shunt–series transformer feedback matching without significant gain reduction a highly asymmetric transformer is designed. Furthermore, a compact transformer-implemented T-shaped output matching network is investigated to minimize the required area. To prove these concepts, the circuit has been fabricated in a 22 nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator technology. Thanks to the transformer-based matching, an ultra-compact active footprint of 0.039 mm² is achieved. At a power consumption of 8.4 mW from a 0.41 V supply an average noise figure of 4.8 dB and a peak gain of 14.2 dB has been measured. In- and output matching better than −10 dB over the 19 GHz wide 3 dB-bandwidth are demonstrated.