Desde o trabalho de Lucas (1987), diversos autores se dedicaram a medir o custo de bem-estar dos ciclos econômicos. Embora a literatura desse tema para os Estados Unidos seja extensa, há poucos estudos para países em desenvolvimento. O objetivo do presente trabalho é estimar este custo para uma amostra de países latino-americanos e compará-lo ao custo obtido dos dados da economia dos Estados Unidos. É utilizada a metodologia proposta por Reis (2009), que assume que o consumo segue um processo ARIMA(p,1,q), que tem as ordens selecionadas com base no critério de informação bayesiano. Os resultados obtidos indicam que, sob todos os processos assumidos para as série de consumo, os países latino-americanos possuem custo consideravelmente maior do que o dos Estados Unidos. Entretanto, quando se assume a estrutura ARIMA, a diferença entre os custos dos países latino-americanos e dos Estados Unidos é a menor. / Since the work of Lucas (1987), several authors have dedicated to measure the welfare costs of business cycle. Although the literature on this subject is extensive for the United States, few studies were made considering developing countries data. The objective of this study is to estimate this cost for a sample of Latin American countries and compare it to the cost obtained from the US economy data. The methodology proposed by Reis (2009) is used. It assumes that consumption follows an ARIMA (p,1,q) model, and the p and q orders are selected based on the Bayesian information criterion. The results indicate that, in all processes assumed for the consumption series, Latin American countries have considerably higher welfare costs than the US. However, when the ARIMA structure is assumed, the difference between the costs of Latin American countries and the United States is the smallest.

Business-to-business relationships within sustained monopolies, such as those within Defence Procurement, have received limited attention by Management Researchers. This is unusual because under these market circumstances typically there appear to be few incentives to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes despite their strategic policy importance. The purpose of this thesis is therefore, to determine the influential relationship factors between the UK Ministry of Defence and its Industrial partners within a predominantly monopolistic Defence Procurement business. The approach adopted for this research project is exploratory and inter-subject area. It uses quantitative and supportive qualitative data to examine the problem through an economic model using Supply Chain Management, Relationship Marketing and Transaction Cost Economics. A self-selected census of 54 business relationships is carried out from both the buyer and supplier perspectives through staff questionnaires and team leader semi-structured interviews. The findings from this research show, contrary to the expectation of the theoretical model, a positive relationship success situation with a spectrum of both positive and negative behavioural factors present. However, a significant adversarial influence is a suite of issues that are endemic to the business in question such as old products, obsolescence, staff and organisational upheavals, poor end-customer visibility and lack of investment in modern procedures and systems. Within the monopoly environment these accentuate managers’ frustrations due to lack of freedom of action. The primary contribution of this research is therefore, an increased understanding of the business-to-business relationship dynamics within long-term, closely coupled, collaborative, business-to-business arrangements as exemplified by UK Defence and the results are likely to be of interest to both academics and managers.

Desde o trabalho de Lucas (1987), diversos autores se dedicaram a medir o custo de bem-estar dos ciclos econômicos. Embora a literatura desse tema para os Estados Unidos seja extensa, há poucos estudos para países em desenvolvimento. O objetivo do presente trabalho é estimar este custo para uma amostra de países latino-americanos e compará-lo ao custo obtido dos dados da economia dos Estados Unidos. É utilizada a metodologia proposta por Reis (2009), que assume que o consumo segue um processo ARIMA(p,1,q), que tem as ordens selecionadas com base no critério de informação bayesiano. Os resultados obtidos indicam que, sob todos os processos assumidos para as série de consumo, os países latino-americanos possuem custo consideravelmente maior do que o dos Estados Unidos. Entretanto, quando se assume a estrutura ARIMA, a diferença entre os custos dos países latino-americanos e dos Estados Unidos é a menor. / Since the work of Lucas (1987), several authors have dedicated to measure the welfare costs of business cycle. Although the literature on this subject is extensive for the United States, few studies were made considering developing countries data. The objective of this study is to estimate this cost for a sample of Latin American countries and compare it to the cost obtained from the US economy data. The methodology proposed by Reis (2009) is used. It assumes that consumption follows an ARIMA (p,1,q) model, and the p and q orders are selected based on the Bayesian information criterion. The results indicate that, in all processes assumed for the consumption series, Latin American countries have considerably higher welfare costs than the US. However, when the ARIMA structure is assumed, the difference between the costs of Latin American countries and the United States is the smallest.

The aim of the thesis is to create a real and practicable business plan for setting up music club Agora Club, s.r.o. This company will focus on providing of hospitality services and music production in Chrudim. The thesis contains theoretic bases for a business foundation. It also deals with descriptions a newly originating firm including the analysis of the global and local market, customers and competition. There are three variations of presumptions of the prospective development laid out within the final part of the thesis.

В условиях высокой волатильности рынка вопросы безопасного, долгосрочного размещения инвестиций выходят на первое место. Таким образом, перед инвесторами возникает научно-практическая задача: «Как оценить допустимый уровень безопасности использования капитала при максимальном извлечении прибыли?» Важность проблемы обусловила выбор темы исследования, ее актуальность, методическую и практическую значимость. Целью исследования является теоретическое обоснование целесообразности формирования стратегических планов организации с учетом реальной конкурентной позиции, определяемой на базе инструментария оценки стоимости бизнеса и создание методики для практического применения теоретических положений. Практическая значимость проведенного исследования состоит в том, что характеристика безопасности использования капитала легко моделируется, имеет доступные информационные ресурсы для расчета и может быть использована без существенных финансовых затрат, что минимизирует транзакционные издержки на поиск информации. / In conditions of high market volatility, the issues of safe, long-term investment placement come first. Thus, a scientific and practical problem arises for investors: "How to assess the permissible level of capital safety with maximum profit-taking?" The importance of the problem has determined the choice of the research topic, its relevance, methodological and practical significance. The purpose of the study is the theoretical justification of the expediency of forming strategic plans of the organization taking into account the real competitive position determined on the basis of the business valuation toolkit and the creation of a methodology for the practical application of theoretical provisions. The practical significance of the study is that the safety profile of the use of capital is easily modeled, has available information resources for calculation, and can be used without significant financial costs, which minimizes the transaction costs of searching for information.