Time series models have been widely used in simulating financial data sets. Finding a nice way to estimate the parameters is really important. One of the traditional ways is to use maximum likelihood estimation to make an approach. However, when the error terms don’t have normality, MLE would be less efficient. Quasi maximum likelihood estimation, also regarded as Gaussian MLE, would be more efficient. Considering the heavy-tailed financial data sets, we can use non-Gaussian quasi maximum likelihood, which needs less assumptions and conditions. We use real financial data sets to compare these estimators.

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Travel time estimation is an integral part of transportation management. The use of advanced technologies in collecting travel time information has been a major concern to transportation engineers and system operators who rely on such data to improve safety and emergency response of transportation facilities. GPS and Bluetooth are two of the available technologies which are efficient and cost effective in collecting travel time data. This study focuses on the accuracy analysis of them. This thesis begins with a review of the theory of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) instruments. Then it illustrates the methods of travel time collection in three techniques, License Plate, Global Positioning System (GPS) and Bluetooth. Third, it outlines the method of processing of the data and the statistical method to compare the accuracy of GPS and Bluetooth. Last, it presents the results and analyzes the accuracy of two technologies.

"The Gun at Kamurgersky" is a collection of short stories.

Objectives: Quantify the effects of cold water immersion of the ankle on fractioned response time of the dominant lower limb. Design and Setting: A 2x2x5x5 crossover design with repeated measures on time and treatment directed data collection. The independent variables were gender, treatment, time (pretreatment, and post 15 seconds, 3 minutes 6 minutes and 9 minutes) and trial (5 trials for each time group). Response time (Tresp), reaction time (Treac), trial and surface temperature were measurement variables. Subjects: Thirty-six subjects, 18 females and 18 males were recruited from a physically active volunteer college student population. Measurements: Fractioned response time was tested following a 20 minute treatment. Response time and Treac were recorded by the reaction timer, and Tmov was calculated by taking the difference between Tresp and Treac. For each time/subject the high and low Tresp were discarded and the middle three trials were averaged and used for statistical analysis. A 2x2x5 ANOVA was used to determine overall differences between gender, treatment and time followed by Newman-Keuls multiple comparison tests. Results: Males were faster than females for Tresp, Treac and Tmov. Movement time and Tresp were slower with cold water immersion, but Treac was unaffected. Movement time and Tresp were fastest pretreatment, and slowest during the post 15-second time group. Though both Tmov and Tresp progressively sped up from the post 15-second through the post 9-minute time group, they did not return to pretreatment values when data collection discontinued. Conclusions: Immersing the dominant ankle in cold water for 20 minutes increases Tmov of the dominant lower limb; thereby increasing fractioned response time (Tresp).

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