In this study we used the phytoremediation techniques to treatment diesel contaminated wetland soil. At first, we compared the four common wetland plants, Typha orientalis Presl, Cyperus malaccensis, Bolbos choenus planieulmis and Phragmites communis, on the treatment efficiency of the diesel contaminated wetland soils. From the results, we find out that the Typha orientalis Presl has highest growth rate and activity on rhizosphere among the four species. The Typha orientalis Presl was planted on artifical diesel contaminated wetland soil and incubated inside a greenhouse, while a control system without vegetation is compared. After 240 days, the result shows that soil planted with Typha orientalis Presl can enhance the microbial and dehydrogenase activity. And adding with nutrients can help plants to prevent the diesel stress. Finally, we utilized the PCR/DGGE methods to analyze soil microbial diversity. According to the DGGE profiles, presence of Typha orientalis Presl can augment microbial diversity . So far as degradation of TPH-d to be concerned, because of the period was too short, it doesn¡¦t have significant difference between treatments. However, presence of Typha orientalis Presl and addition of nutrients, the TPH-D degradation rate was measured to be approximately 80 % and concentration of TPH-D could degrade from 16000 mg kg-1 to 3500 mg kg-1 after 240 days.