Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:48:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 462996.pdf: 576369 bytes, checksum: 32b2960268c15e7b5e43332bcc8b7497 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-10 / Involved in the concentration area Criminal System and Violence and in the research line Contemporary Criminal Systems, this paper aims to develop a critical analysis of the trends of expanding consensual opportunities in the Brazilian criminal justice, primarily within the introduction of negotiation mechanisms, such as plea bargaining, which, in broad terms, allows the early imposition of the punitive power in the basis of a guilty plea, in exchange of a benefit, a reduction in the punishment. As seen, it represents a strong inclination on the international criminal procedure scene, which is progressively more guided by the goal of procedural acceleration, which actually is going beyond that claim and is leading to justify the imposition of criminal sanctions with no attention to the due process of law rules. After the introductory definition of the guidelines ideas of opportunity and consensus, the main features of plea bargain will be drawn-up, fundamentally from the United States example. Then it will ask the adherence of such mechanisms to the fundaments of criminal procedural systems, besides suggesting some relevant aspects of the international scene in order to demonstrate the extend of the studied trends. On the other hand, considering the current Brazilian scenario, the consensus possibilities, which are allowed within the Juizados Especiais Criminais (Brazilian minor courts) and by the whistleblower award, will be studied. Subsequently we will analyze the legislative proposals currently under discussion at the Brazilian national level (PLS 156/2009 and 236/2012), which have regulations projecting an expansion of the possibilities of agreements between prosecution and defense to immediate imposition of a criminal sanction. Finally, critics will be systematically structured in face of the bargained justice and plea bargaining, revealing their undeniable troubles and inconsistencies that lead to violations of the fundamental premises of criminal procedure in a democratic state. Consequently, it will enforce the importance of a critic viewpoint toward trends of expanding consensual opportunities in criminal justice. / Neste trabalho, inserido na ?rea de concentra??o Sistema Penal e Viol?ncia e na linha de pesquisa Sistemas Jur?dico-Penais Contempor?neos, objetiva-se desenvolver uma an?lise cr?tica das tend?ncias de expans?o dos espa?os de consenso na justi?a criminal brasileira, fundamentalmente a partir da introdu??o de mecanismos negociais, como o instituto da barganha, que, em termos amplos, possibilita a concretiza??o antecipada do poder punitivo por meio do reconhecimento de culpabilidade consentido do acusado em troca, geralmente, do benef?cio de redu??o em sua puni??o. Trata-se de forte inclina??o no cen?rio internacional, que se pauta cada vez mais pelo debatido objetivo de acelera??o procedimental, o qual, atualmente, avan?a al?m de tais pretens?es e chega a justificar a imposi??o de san??es penais sem aten??o ?s regras do devido processo. Ap?s a defini??o introdut?ria dos contornos das ideias de oportunidade e consenso, desenhar-se-?o as principais caracter?sticas da barganha, especialmente a partir do marcante exemplo estadunidense. Em seguida, questionar-se-? a ader?ncia de tais mecanismos ?s premissas dos sistemas processuais penais e apresentar-se-?o aspectos relevantes do panorama internacional com o objetivo de demonstrar a amplitude das tend?ncias aqui estudadas. Por outro lado, considerando o cen?rio brasileiro atual, estudar-se?o as possibilidades de consenso, que se autorizam no ?mbito dos Juizados Especiais Criminais e por meio do instituto da dela??o premiada. Em seguida, analisar-se-?o as propostas legislativas atualmente em discuss?o em ?mbito nacional (PLS 156/2009 e 236/2012), as quais apresentam regula??es com a amplia??o das possibilidades de acordos entre acusa??o e defesa para imposi??o imediata de uma san??o penal. Por fim, estruturar-se?o sistematicamente cr?ticas ? justi?a negocial e ao instituto da barganha, desvelando suas incontorn?veis aporias e inconsist?ncias que acarretam viola??es a premissas fundamentais do processo penal de um Estado Democr?tico de Direito. Assim, apontar-se-? a import?ncia da postura questionadora frente ?s tend?ncias de expans?o dos espa?os de consenso na justi?a criminal.