Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2009. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 67 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-42).

Thesis (doctoral)--Umeå Universitet, 1977. / Summaries in English and Swedish. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-95).

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2005. / Includes bibliography.

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-76). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universiteit Utrecht, 2005. / Title from PDF document title screen (viewed Sept. 20, 2006). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-137). Also available in an electronic version.

AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Nicole K. Jensen, for the Masters of Science degree in Forestry, presented on April 3, 2012, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: TREE-RING CHEMISTRY AND GROWTH RESPONSE TO EXPERIMENTAL WATERSHED ACIDIFICATION MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Eric Holzmueller Forest ecosystems in the eastern United States are threatened by acid deposition rates that have increased dramatically since industrialization. We utilized two watersheds at the Fernow Experimental Forest in West Virginia to examine long-term effects of acidification on ecological processes. One watershed has been treated with ammonium sulfate (approximately twice the ambient deposition rate) since 1989 to simulate acid deposition while the other served as a control. Prior to treatment both watersheds were similar in age and species composition. Ten dominant overstory Prunus serotina and Liriodendron tulipifiera trees were selected and cored from each watershed to measure bolewood concentrations of elements essential for growth over time. In addition, changes in tree species basal area were analyzed utilizing 50 long-term growth plots established in 1990. Results of this experiment show lower calcium and magnesium concentration and increased acidic cation concentration in the treated watershed for both species indicating a negative treatment effect. These results were similar to that of a previous study conducted at the Fernow with periods of significant differences in cation concentrations between the treated and control watershed. Growth response, measured through relative growth rates of cored trees and changes in basal area from growth plots, was not as conclusive, but it did appear that treatment may be having a negative affect for both species during the last measurement of the growth plots. These results indicate a need for further research to understand the impact of long-term acidification so that sustainable forest management practices in areas affected by acid deposition may be developed.

Parkid higlohosa, an important indigenous fruit tree of West Affican Sudanian woodland, was studied with respect to natural population distribution and structure, regeneration, reproductive biology and phytosociology in Nigeria. As relevant background, a comprehensive range-wide monographic account of the species was assembled. An ecological survey covering the range of Parkia in Nigeria was undertaken between 1994-1995. The survey involved four ecological zones ranging from derived to Sudan/Sahel zone transition. In each ecological zone there were two sample sites within each of which there were two land use types. The survey showed that nearest mature con-specific neighbour distance and corresponding stocking for all individuals ý: 10 cm dbh ranged from 25.5 m and 15 tree ha-I in the north down to 91.5 m and I tree ha-I in the south. A gradual increase in stocking from the lowland forest zone boundary to the Sudan savanna was observed. Parkia populations are significantly more concentrated in cultivated fields than in less intensively used areas of the bush fallow. Natural regeneration in Parkia in Nigeria was sparse overall - 9.80 individuals ha-I and coppice shoot regeneration was the main form. Bush fallow conditions favour more regeneration than intense cultivation, and to the south there is more regeneration than in the north. Tree morphological appraisal showed that there tended to be taller trees in the south of the Nigerian range (with a moister climate) but with smaller diameter than in the north. A broader crown diameter typified populations in the northern part of Nigeria range compared with the south. Branching height ranged from 1.7 m in the north to 3.9 m in the south. The tree rarely branched below Im anywhere. Two was the most frequent number of primary branches. Individuals with more than two primary branches per tree occur more frequently in the north of the range. For all morphological parameters except the number of primary branches a significant land use effect was detected. In the survey 136 associated woody species were recorded. More woody tree species were associated with Parkia biglobosa in the south than in the north of its range in Nigeria. A reproductive cycle of 135 days was observed at Saki, Nigeria. Capitulum abortion rate was more than 30% and not related to the tree diameter or crown position. Capitulum, podding efficiency was about 67%. Open pollinated capitula had the highest number of pods per treatment. Parkid displays some degree of self-compatibility. Capitula located >5 m above the ground are more likely to be pollinated than those below.

Orientador: Rosângela Aparecida de Medeiros Hespanhol / Resumo: O trabalho teve como tema central de análise a dinâmica da cultura de seringueira na Microrregião Geográfica de São José do Rio Preto. Para a consecução do objetivo, fez-se necessário a realização de um resgate histórico que nos ajudou a apreender as relações sociais travadas no âmbito do setor de borracha, as quais foram marcadas até meados da década de 1980 pelos interesses conflitantes entre a elite extrativista amazônica composta por seringalistas e aviadores, de um lado e, a elite industrial do setor pneumático, do outro. Com o aumento do preço da borracha natural a partir de 1973, puxada pelos alta nos preços da borracha sintética devido a crise do setor petrolífero, ocorreu uma maior expansão das plantações de seringueira na região sudeste do país, principalmente no Estado de São Paulo. Assim foi que já no inicio da década de 1990 a produção amazônica representava menos de 50% da produção nacional, perdendo sua posição protagonista como produtora de borracha natural para o Estado de São Paulo. Essa processo redundou no deslocamento do eixo do conflito da região amazônica-sudeste para o interior da região sudeste do país onde os produtores e processadores de borracha natural haviam personificado os interesse da elite extrativista. Com o aprofundamento do processo de industrialização do país a partir da década de 1950, o setor de pneumático foi ganhando envergadura e a partir de então passou a pressionar com mais vigor o Estado que concedeu a permissão para a importação de borracha natural em 1997 com a revogação da Lei de Contingenciamento ao mesmo tempo que promulgou a Lei do Subsídio, a qual apenas em partes compensou a abertura econômica do setor. Constatou-se na referida região a cultura da seringueira sempre se apresentou vantajosa ao produtor... (Resumo completo clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The work had as central subject of analysis the dynamics of the culture of rubber tree in the Geographic Microregion of is São José do Rio Preto. For the achievement of the objective, the accomplishment of a historical rescue became necessary that in helped them to apprehend the stopped social relations in the scope of the rubber sector, which had been marked until middle of the decade of 1980 for the conflicting interests between the extrativista elite Amazonian composed for seringalistas and aviators, of a side and, the industrial elite of the pneumatic sector, of the other. With the increase of the price of the natural rubber from 1973, pulled for the high one in the prices of the synthetic rubber which had the crisis of the petroliferous sector, a bigger expansion of the plantations of rubber tree in the Southeastern region of the country occurred, mainly in the State of São Paulo. Thus it was that no longer beginning of the decade of 1990 the Amazonian production represented less than 50% of the national production, losing its position natural rubber protagonist as producing for the State of São Paulo. This process resulted in the displacement of the axle of the conflict of the region Amazonian-Southeast for the interior of the Southeastern region of the country where the natural rubber producers and processors had impersonatied the interest of the extrativista elite. With the deepening of the process of industrialization of the country from the decade of 1950, the tire sector was gaining spread and from now on it started to pressure with more vigor the State that granted the permission for the natural rubber importation in 1997 with the revocation of the Law of Contingenciamento at the same time that it promulgated the Law of the Subsidy... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below) / Mestre

Patterns from the past have frequently been a source of creative ideas for fashion textiles. Culturally-inspired fashion products reflect traditional beauty, cultural identity, and national image, and preserve national cultural heritage (Perivoliotis, 2005; Hyun and Bae, 2007; Cho, 2009). The 'Tree of Life' or, as it is sometimes known, the 'Flower of Life', is a motif used to express ideas about immortality and the origins of life. As such, this motif has been an important element of traditional art and craft, frequently being incorporated into traditional textiles. The findings of Chinese interviews show that tree worship is still important, as are 'Tree of Life' patterns in China. Chinese 'Tree of Life' patterns are associated with fertility worship, longevity (long life) and immortality (eternal life). The review of literature and the findings from Taiwanese interviews indicate that elements of traditional Chinese patterns are suitable use in modern fashion, because Chinese imagery is a rich source of inspiration for contemporary textile designs, and China chic is pervasive in today's fashion. Exploring the relevance of the 'Tree of Life' pattern for the Taiwanese market, it was found that Taiwanese customers would be happy to see traditionally patterned designs of textile or clothing. This was felt to be important for the Taiwanese textile and fashion industry, which is currently in a state of change as it becomes design-focused rather than purely manufacturing-led. With fieldwork carried out in both China and Taiwan, and an investigation into the design process, the research concludes that the 'Tree of Life' can be re-created and adapted in different ways for fashion textile designs for the Taiwanese market. In addition, a model of a new design process for reinterpreting traditional patterns into contemporary ones is proposed. University students and designers can apply this design process model to any textile design project based on traditional patterns.