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The augmented stage model of human information processing : how well do cognitive abilities drawn from the stages in the model predict concurrent task management performance?Nicolalde Flores, Roberto Javier 01 October 2003 (has links)
Research in the aviation domain, driving distractions, anesthesia
administration, and nuclear power plant control rooms show that Concurrent Task
Management (CTM) is a process that every human operator performs when
interacting with complex environments. The need for understanding concurrent task
management in a broader perspective more applicable and generalizable to different
domains, led to the development of the Augmented Stage Model (ASM) of human
information processing and the development of a test bed where hypotheses deriving
from the augmented stage model can be tested. The ASM is an elaboration of the
current Stage Model attempting to explain CTM in terms of those basic stages of
human information processing and drawing on relevant, recent psychological
research. One question that arises from the creation of the augmented stage model is
to what degree the augmented stage model can be justified by actual human CTM
performance. A corollary of this question is to what degree can CTM performance be
explained by performance in simple tests that are derived directly from the stages of
the model. To answer this question, 94 participants were tested on several standard
cognitive tests suggested by the ASM: i.e. simple and complex reaction time,
decision making, working memory, and intelligence. Performance in the cognitive
tests was compared to participants' CTM performance in a multitasking simulator
called the Task Management Environment (TME). The findings indicated that basic
cognitive abilities, except for working memory, do not correlate significantly with
CTM performance as calculated by the TME. Performance on three working
memory tests was shown to predict up to 47% of the variation in CTM
performance. This suggests that simple cognitive abilities do not predict CTM
performance. Although, cognitive abilities might be a component of CTM, a
combination of them might prove to better predict CTM performance. / Graduation date: 2004
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Multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem with resource vacations and task splittingBuddhakulsomsiri, Jirachai 14 March 2003 (has links)
The research presented in this dissertation addresses the Multi-Mode Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (MMRCPSP) in the presence of resource
unavailability. This research is motivated by the scheduling of engineering design tasks in
automotive product development to minimize the project completion time, but addresses a
general scheduling situation that is applicable in many contexts.
The current body of MMRCPSP research typically assumes that, 1) individual resource
units are available at all times when assigning tasks to resources and, 2) before assigning tasks
to resources, there must be enough resource availability over time to complete the task without
interruption. In many situations such as assigning engineering design tasks to designers,
resources are not available over the entire project-planning horizon. In the case of engineering
designers and other human resources, unavailability may be due to several reasons such as
vacation, training, or being scheduled to do other tasks outside the project. In addition, when
tasks are scheduled they are often split to accommodate unavailable resources and are not
completed in one continuous time segment. The objectives of this research are to obtain
insight into the types of project scheduling situations where task splitting may result in
significant makespan improvements, and to develop a fast and effective scheduling heuristic
for such situations.
A designed computational experiment was used to gain insight into when task splitting
may provide significant makespan improvements. Problem instances were randomly
generated using a modification of a standard problem generator, and optimally solved with
and without task splitting using a branch and bound algorithm. In total 3,880 problem
instances were solved with and without task splitting. Statistical analysis of the experimental
data reveals that high resource utilization is the most important factor affecting the
improvements obtained by task splitting. The analysis also shows that splitting is more
helpful when resource unavailability occurs in multiple periods of short duration versus fewer
periods of long duration. Another conclusion from the analysis indicates that the project
precedence structure and the number (not amount) of resources used by tasks do not
significantly affect the improvements due to task splitting.
Using the insights from the computational testing, a new heuristic is developed that can
be applied to large problems. The heuristic is an implementation of a simple priority rule-based
heuristic with a new parameter used to control the number of task splits. It is desirable
to obtain the majority of task splitting benefits with the smallest number of split tasks.
Computational experiments are conducted to evaluate its performance against known optimal
solutions for small sized problems. A deterministic version of the heuristic found optimal
solutions for 33% of the problems and a stochastic version found optimal solutions for over
70%. The average percent increase in makespan compared to optimal was 7.58% for the
deterministic heuristic and less than 2% for the stochastic versions demonstrating acceptable
performance. / Graduation date: 2003
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Memory bias : why we underestimate the duration of future events /Roy, Michael M. January 2003 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, and San Diego State University, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-102).
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Projecting trajectories of functional use for a new technology the electronic ICU /Anders, Shilo H., January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-103).
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Impact of auditory and visual distractors upon learning a manual assembly task in older workersSchwerha, Diana J. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 70 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-47).
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The effects of multitasking on quality inspection in advanced manufacturing systems /Pesante-Santana, José A. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1997. / Vita. Abstract. "UMI number : 9812512"--Verso of t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-73). Available electronically via Internet.
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Teachers' adaptations and rationales as they relate to openness of task and student motivationKear, Kathryn. January 1900 (has links)
Dissertation (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2009. / Directed by Gerald G. Duffy; submitted to the Dept. of Curriculum and Instruction. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 17, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-145).
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The design of a stand-alone division tactics simulator utilizing non-proprietary (open source) media and iterative developmentErnst, Ryan B. January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2006. / Thesis Advisor(s): Rudolph P. Darken. "March 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-47). Also available online.
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Qualitative differences in teachers' enactment of task-based language teaching in the English as second language (ESL) primary classroom /Chan, Sui-ping. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006.
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The effects of endogenous and exogenous cues on task-set inhibition /Kuhns, David January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.I.S.)--Oregon State University, 2008. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 49-52). Also available on the World Wide Web.
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