Funding requirements is one of the first criteria to consider when restructuring a business. Companies and taxpayers would choose the best option when acquiring shares to minimise tax liabilities. The purpose of this study is to formulate an interest deductibility test which provides guidance to taxpayers regarding the main criteria to investigate when restructuring a business transaction to ensure that interest will be deductible on the acquisition of shares with borrowed funds. The findings reveal the similarities and differences of the interest deductibility as seen by South Africa, Australia and Canada. This study will present the legislation as well as court cases in South Africa, Australia and Canada to demonstrate the interest deductibility principles when funds are borrowed to acquire shares when restructuring a business. The focus will be on these principles to provide guidelines from which taxpayers can determine the interest deductibility with respect to share purchasing transactions. The study will indicate recommendations to South African legislation based on the findings of alternative treatments applied by Canada and Australia. / Thesis (MCom (South African and International Taxation))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Funding requirements is one of the first criteria to consider when restructuring a business. Companies and taxpayers would choose the best option when acquiring shares to minimise tax liabilities. The purpose of this study is to formulate an interest deductibility test which provides guidance to taxpayers regarding the main criteria to investigate when restructuring a business transaction to ensure that interest will be deductible on the acquisition of shares with borrowed funds. The findings reveal the similarities and differences of the interest deductibility as seen by South Africa, Australia and Canada. This study will present the legislation as well as court cases in South Africa, Australia and Canada to demonstrate the interest deductibility principles when funds are borrowed to acquire shares when restructuring a business. The focus will be on these principles to provide guidelines from which taxpayers can determine the interest deductibility with respect to share purchasing transactions. The study will indicate recommendations to South African legislation based on the findings of alternative treatments applied by Canada and Australia. / Thesis (MCom (South African and International Taxation))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

This thesis is dealing with the cohesion of the tax and accounting system and shows how this cohesion can negatively affect accounting. In order to reduce the tax base of the corporate income tax, taxpayers resort to tax evasion, which ultimately leads to the restriction of informative ability of accounting. The thesis introduces some formats of tax evasion, including practical examples. Listed further are tax deductible and non-deductible expenses. It creates a space for manipulating the financial results on operations, which is the starting point for determining the tax base on corporate income. The closing section contains a modification of financial results on operations for the tax base and calculation of tax payable on corporate income.

Infrastructure is one of the top priorities of the South African Government. Substantial amounts will be invested by the Government in infrastructure between 2014 and 2016 as good infrastructure plays a pivotal role in the growth of the South African economy. Government does not have sufficient resources to meet its infrastructure goals and is therefore dependent on the private construction sector to provide assistance. Discrepancies were noted between the judgment laid down in CSARS v South African Custodial Services (Pty) Ltd (SACS) and the interpretations from the relevant sections contained within the Income Tax Act governing the normal tax treatment of construction contractors. The aim of this study was to determine whether reliance could be placed on the judgement laid down in CSARS v South African Custodial Services (Pty) Ltd in order to determine the nature and deductibility of expenditure incurred by construction contractors in future. It is crucial that tax legislation should be correctly interpreted and applied in determining the taxable income of taxpayers as it is evident that tax consequences influence the behaviour of South African taxpayers. A literature study of prior case law, sections of the Income Tax Act governing the normal tax treatment of construction contractors as well as other relevant literature was performed in order to determine the correct application of sections governing the normal tax position of construction contractors. The negative tax consequences suffered by SACS as a main contractor due to judgement laid down in CSARS v South African Custodial Services (Pty) Ltd could influence the willingness of the private construction sector to provide assistance to Government in future. Based on the literature study performed it was found that the court's application of Section 22(2A) of the Income Tax Act was correct. It was further found that the Court erroneously applied Section 11 (a), and as a result incorrectly determined the normal tax position of SACS. In response to this it is recommended that no reliance should be placed on the judgement laid down in CSARS v South African Custodial Services (Pty) Ltd in respect of determining the nature and deductibility of fees paid to subcontractors by construction contractors, as this could result in negative tax planning consequences. / MCom (South African and International Tax), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Infrastructure is one of the top priorities of the South African Government. Substantial amounts will be invested by the Government in infrastructure between 2014 and 2016 as good infrastructure plays a pivotal role in the growth of the South African economy. Government does not have sufficient resources to meet its infrastructure goals and is therefore dependent on the private construction sector to provide assistance. Discrepancies were noted between the judgment laid down in CSARS v South African Custodial Services (Pty) Ltd (SACS) and the interpretations from the relevant sections contained within the Income Tax Act governing the normal tax treatment of construction contractors. The aim of this study was to determine whether reliance could be placed on the judgement laid down in CSARS v South African Custodial Services (Pty) Ltd in order to determine the nature and deductibility of expenditure incurred by construction contractors in future. It is crucial that tax legislation should be correctly interpreted and applied in determining the taxable income of taxpayers as it is evident that tax consequences influence the behaviour of South African taxpayers. A literature study of prior case law, sections of the Income Tax Act governing the normal tax treatment of construction contractors as well as other relevant literature was performed in order to determine the correct application of sections governing the normal tax position of construction contractors. The negative tax consequences suffered by SACS as a main contractor due to judgement laid down in CSARS v South African Custodial Services (Pty) Ltd could influence the willingness of the private construction sector to provide assistance to Government in future. Based on the literature study performed it was found that the court's application of Section 22(2A) of the Income Tax Act was correct. It was further found that the Court erroneously applied Section 11 (a), and as a result incorrectly determined the normal tax position of SACS. In response to this it is recommended that no reliance should be placed on the judgement laid down in CSARS v South African Custodial Services (Pty) Ltd in respect of determining the nature and deductibility of fees paid to subcontractors by construction contractors, as this could result in negative tax planning consequences. / MCom (South African and International Tax), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

This final thesis deals with accounting and taxes in terms of consideration and assessment of mutual linkage between these two systems. On the basis of historical development analysis it has been carried out an assessment of the impact of taxation on the fair accounting view. The thesis also includes section concerning transformation of operating profit on tax base for corporate income tax through cleaning of tax revenues and excluding of non-deductible expenses. An integral part of the thesis covers topic of institute of deferred tax, reasons for its creation, calculation and billing. An practical example illustrating given procedures is a part of the closing section.

This thesis deals with leasing as one of the methods of making investments. You can find in it the conditions for inclusion rent in tax expenses and accounting method for the lessor and the tenant. Of course there is mentioned the development of leasing, not only for tax purposes. The last part of the thesis is devoted to compare leasing with other forms of acquisition of investments, which is related to the practical example.

The diploma thesis deals with corporation income tax and its influence on accountancy according to the requirements of the Czech Republic. The theoretical part looks at first into accounting system and legal norms which provide for the system and then into accounting system of the Czech Republic and individual taxes within the system. A great part of the thesis deals with corporation income tax, taxpayers, tax period, the counting procedure of the tax and entering into accounts. The passages look into tax return, paying corporation income tax and last but not least the tax evasions which we can encounter in connection with the direct taxes. At the end of the thesis, there is a practical example which the theoretical knowledge is applied on.

This thesis is divided into four parts, which deal with the tax deductible costs of the selected company from the point of view of tax control. Successively it describes the tax audit itself and the selected areas of tax deductible expenses, together with relevant case law. Furthermore these theoretical bases are applied to assess selected areas of taxdeductible costs for the selected entity and propose options that would eliminate the risks of such control.

This diploma thesis deals with the corporate income tax. At first there are explained adjustments of accounting profit in the procedure defining the tax base, the most important part of which relates to tax deductible and non-deductible expenses. Subsequently there is defined how to determine the amount of payable tax and how to report this tax in financial statements. There is also mentioned the impact of payable tax on the disposable profit. The hypothesis, that in most cases the payable income tax is higher than the product of accounting profit before tax and tax rate, is tested in the concluding part of this thesis.