The work deals with problems of personal management activities of an educational organization. It describes and analyses the process of planning of the professional teachers' development at primary scholl level. The author defines organizational development terms, strategic personal planning and finally the development of a worker where she devotes a great part to the point of view coisiding with juridical framework. She focuses on the professional development cycle, plan specifics of teacher's development and the headmaster's role at the primary school in this process. On the basis of theoretical findings she derives her own research realized in the form of regional Pilsen region research. Information is obtained from surveying headmasters at primary schools where teachers' professional development procedures and quantitative content anylyses of teachers' professional development plan are realized and this adds up to the basis of planning process description in the development of teachers at primary schools in Pilsen region. KEYWORDS Professional development plan, teacher's professional development, development of the organization, worker's development, strategic personal planning

Este é um estudo sobre como professoras dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental se desenvolvem profissionalmente e produzem sua profissão. Buscamos compreender de que forma o desenvolvimento profissional de professoras é influenciado pela experiência e pelas vivências de cada uma delas na trajetória da carreira. Para compreendermos esse desenvolvimento, adotamos como referência a Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo porque essa apresenta elementos importantes para nosso estudo como, por exemplo, a existência de um estatuto que legitima a profissão docente e que proporciona para os professores oportunidades de desenvolvimento profissional dentro da sua jornada de trabalho. Para responder aos objetivos propostos pela pesquisa, convidamos três professoras da Rede Municipal de Ensino com diferentes anos de experiência docente e que estavam atuando nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental em 2006. Na tentativa de captar o relato das experiências vividas pelas professoras buscou-se o apoio da História Oral porque esta permite apreender a experiência vivida por determinados indivíduos (três professoras) num contexto macro social (profissão docente). Buscamos também os estudos sobre a carreira do professor, de modo a refletir sobre o seu percurso profissional e compreender como ocorre o processo de desenvolvimento profissional. Os estudos sobre a profissão docente tiveram como base as contribuições do português António Nóvoa (1986, 1991, 1995a, 1995b, 1998, 1999 e 2000) e das brasileiras Tanuri (1969 e 1979), Dias (2002), Marcílio (2005) e Castro (2005). Sobre o conceito de desenvolvimento profissional, buscamos apoio em Nóvoa (1995a e 2000), Marcelo Garcia (1994), Almeida (1999a, 1999b, 2004a, e 2004b), Souza (2005) e Day (1999). A hipótese orientadora desse estudo consistiu em considerar que o percurso do desenvolvimento profissional, que aparece no relato das professoras, ajuda a compreender os modos de ser professor na escola pública contemporânea. Elaboramos três categorias que nos orientaram no momento da análise dos dados: relação com o conhecimento, formação contínua e autonomia. Ao final da pesquisa, chegamos ao entendimento de que ao longo dos anos da carreira o professor vai se desenvolvendo profissionalmente, vai refletindo sobre seu modo de ser e de estar na profissão e vai criando e modificando sua ação pedagógica. / This is a study about how teachers of the initial years of the Basic Education are developing themselves professionally and how they are producing their profession. We search to understand how professional development of teachers is influenced by the experiences of each one of them during the career\'s trajectory. In order to understand this development, we adopt as reference the São Paulo\'s Municipal Education Net because it presents important elements four our study as, for example, the existence of a statute that legitimizes the teaching profession and that provides for the teachers opportunities of professional development inside their days\' work. To answer to the objectives considered for the research, we invite three teachers of the Municipal Education Net with different years of experience. These teachers were teaching to the initial years of Basic Education in 2006. In the attempt to catch the story of the experiences lived by the teachers, we search the Oral History\'s support because this allows us to apprehend the person\'s lived experience (three teachers) inside the social context (teaching profession). We also search teacher\'s career studies in order to reflect about its professional trajectory and to understand how the process of professional development occurs. The teaching profession\'s studies have been supported by the contributions of Portuguese António Nóvoa (1986, 1991, 1995a, 1995b, 1998, 1999 e 2000) and by the contributions of Brazilians Tanuri (1969 e 1979), Dias (2002), Marcílio (2005) and Castro (2005). The professional development\'s concept has been supported by the contributions of Nóvoa (1995a and 2000), Marcelo Garcia (1994), Almeida (1999a, 1999b, 2004a and 2004b), Souza (2005) and Day (1999). The hypothesis that guides this study consists of considering the professional development, that is in the teachers\' stories, as a help to understand the ways of being teacher in the contemporary public school. We elaborate three categories that have guided us during the data\'s analysis: relation with the knowledge, continuous formation and autonomy. To the end of the research, we reach the agreement that along the career\'s years the teacher have been developing itself professionally, have been reflecting about its ways of being in the profession and have been creating and modifying its pedagogic action.

This diploma thesis deals with the problems of beginning teachers. Its aim is to find out what the fundamental difficulties of teachers working in education for the first five years are. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and the practical part. The theoretical part first deals with professional development and teacher's competencies. It also describes professional preparation and assistance that is provided to beginning teachers. In the main chapter of the theoretical part, the problems that beginning teachers most often experience are specified. The description of the difficulties is based on an analysis of the literature and the results of the existing surveys. At the end of the theoretical part, the key surveys carried out in the given area are presented. The practical part is based on the results of a questionnaire survey. The respondents in the research group are beginning teachers of ISCED 1, 2 and 3 level. Based on the data obtained, the key issues are analyzed and the results of teachers of different ISCED levels are compared. Attention is also paid to professional training, assistance to beginning teachers and teachers' attitudes towards their profession. The practical part concludes with the comparison of the obtained data with the results of Professor Šimoník's research.

Este é um estudo sobre como professoras dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental se desenvolvem profissionalmente e produzem sua profissão. Buscamos compreender de que forma o desenvolvimento profissional de professoras é influenciado pela experiência e pelas vivências de cada uma delas na trajetória da carreira. Para compreendermos esse desenvolvimento, adotamos como referência a Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo porque essa apresenta elementos importantes para nosso estudo como, por exemplo, a existência de um estatuto que legitima a profissão docente e que proporciona para os professores oportunidades de desenvolvimento profissional dentro da sua jornada de trabalho. Para responder aos objetivos propostos pela pesquisa, convidamos três professoras da Rede Municipal de Ensino com diferentes anos de experiência docente e que estavam atuando nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental em 2006. Na tentativa de captar o relato das experiências vividas pelas professoras buscou-se o apoio da História Oral porque esta permite apreender a experiência vivida por determinados indivíduos (três professoras) num contexto macro social (profissão docente). Buscamos também os estudos sobre a carreira do professor, de modo a refletir sobre o seu percurso profissional e compreender como ocorre o processo de desenvolvimento profissional. Os estudos sobre a profissão docente tiveram como base as contribuições do português António Nóvoa (1986, 1991, 1995a, 1995b, 1998, 1999 e 2000) e das brasileiras Tanuri (1969 e 1979), Dias (2002), Marcílio (2005) e Castro (2005). Sobre o conceito de desenvolvimento profissional, buscamos apoio em Nóvoa (1995a e 2000), Marcelo Garcia (1994), Almeida (1999a, 1999b, 2004a, e 2004b), Souza (2005) e Day (1999). A hipótese orientadora desse estudo consistiu em considerar que o percurso do desenvolvimento profissional, que aparece no relato das professoras, ajuda a compreender os modos de ser professor na escola pública contemporânea. Elaboramos três categorias que nos orientaram no momento da análise dos dados: relação com o conhecimento, formação contínua e autonomia. Ao final da pesquisa, chegamos ao entendimento de que ao longo dos anos da carreira o professor vai se desenvolvendo profissionalmente, vai refletindo sobre seu modo de ser e de estar na profissão e vai criando e modificando sua ação pedagógica. / This is a study about how teachers of the initial years of the Basic Education are developing themselves professionally and how they are producing their profession. We search to understand how professional development of teachers is influenced by the experiences of each one of them during the career\'s trajectory. In order to understand this development, we adopt as reference the São Paulo\'s Municipal Education Net because it presents important elements four our study as, for example, the existence of a statute that legitimizes the teaching profession and that provides for the teachers opportunities of professional development inside their days\' work. To answer to the objectives considered for the research, we invite three teachers of the Municipal Education Net with different years of experience. These teachers were teaching to the initial years of Basic Education in 2006. In the attempt to catch the story of the experiences lived by the teachers, we search the Oral History\'s support because this allows us to apprehend the person\'s lived experience (three teachers) inside the social context (teaching profession). We also search teacher\'s career studies in order to reflect about its professional trajectory and to understand how the process of professional development occurs. The teaching profession\'s studies have been supported by the contributions of Portuguese António Nóvoa (1986, 1991, 1995a, 1995b, 1998, 1999 e 2000) and by the contributions of Brazilians Tanuri (1969 e 1979), Dias (2002), Marcílio (2005) and Castro (2005). The professional development\'s concept has been supported by the contributions of Nóvoa (1995a and 2000), Marcelo Garcia (1994), Almeida (1999a, 1999b, 2004a and 2004b), Souza (2005) and Day (1999). The hypothesis that guides this study consists of considering the professional development, that is in the teachers\' stories, as a help to understand the ways of being teacher in the contemporary public school. We elaborate three categories that have guided us during the data\'s analysis: relation with the knowledge, continuous formation and autonomy. To the end of the research, we reach the agreement that along the career\'s years the teacher have been developing itself professionally, have been reflecting about its ways of being in the profession and have been creating and modifying its pedagogic action.

Approaches to teaching primary school mathematics Abstract: The main goal of this thesis is to clarify the differences between two distinct approaches to teaching mathematics at primary school, the transmissive approach and so called genetic constructivism. The theoretical part of the thesis describes main features of these two approaches to teaching mathematics. The practical part shows approaches of two concrete teachers of the first grade, which are investigated by observation, analysis of videorecordings from mathematics lessons and interviews with the teachers. The videorecordings analysis shows didactic aspects of each teacher's approach to teaching. Dealing with pupil's error has been chosen as leading didactic aspect and is analysed in more detail. Furthermore, the author's development of her own approach to teaching mathematics is analysed. Key words: approach to teaching, method, technique, constructivist approach, transmissive approach, dealing with errors, individualisation, teacher's professional development

TITLE: Mathematics Teachers and Their Professional Development AUTHOR: Jana Pávová DEPARTMENT: Department of Education SUPERVISOR: Doc. PaedDr. Stanislav Bendl, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: This thesis is focused on Mathematics Teachers and Their Professional Development. The thoretical part describes the Czech system of in-service education of teachers in the context of lifelong learning. It introduces its legislative classification and describes an alternative classification. The following part offers the list of information resources, which are useful for Mathematics teachers and the list of what the current offer of further education courses for Mathematics teachers is, including selfstudying activities. The relevant links are quoted in the appendices. The empirical part analyses, interprets and evaluates the qualitative research among Mathematics teachers, which determines their experience with in-service education/professional development, their attitudes and opinions in this field. Furthermore, this part analyses their attitudes from the constructivism in Mathematics teaching's point of view. KEYWORDS: Maths teacher, further/in service education of teaching staff, teacher's professional development, educational portals, the Union of Czech Mathematicians and Physicists, Maths competitions, constructivism in Maths...