D.Phil. / This research will focus on a description and exploration of the management principles, procedures and processes in a university-based, in-service training programme for unqualified practicing teachers in community schools in the Orange Farm area. It is aimed at the construction of a theoretical framework, illuminating the evolving management model in such a way that it could be conceptually transferred to similar organic training programmes. The conceptual framework, which will be constructed from a literature investigation, will be complemented and integrated with a problematised and interpretive documentation of the management structures as they evolved in the project. Main theory concepts that will be investigated are community education, inservice teacher education, educational management and adult education. The research report commences with an orientation to the study in which the groundedness of the design is presented and discussed. It includes a brief presentation of the researcher's presuppositions and assumptions as well as a - description of the context of the research. The main research question is of an open and ethnographic nature and states the problem as being the unknownness of management structures in organic community education programmes. The need for an ecologically or conceptually valid management model is expressed concisely in the literature on NGO education programmes. Management models that function successfully in formal education are assumed to fail in community programmes, which often reveal highly idiosyncratic characteristics. The literature study is presented subsequently. General management principles are explored and discussed. This is followed by a detailed discussion on educational management and its relation to general management. A discussion of the function of INSET and the management of change conclude this section. In the following section of the research report the design of the field research is discussed against the background of the paradigm of qualitative research, describing the case format as mode of exploratory descriptive research. The analysis of the written documentation as major research activity is emphasised. The data of the report are then presented in the format of examples and description of the various management activities in the programme. The final categories of data are emphasised with a view to support the construction of the envisaged management model. The report is concluded with the interpretation and validation of the data.

M.Ed. (Curriculum Studies) / The subject of this thesis is the female primary school teacher as adult learner. The characteristics of the female primary school teacher as adult learner have been discussed, with particular attention paid to probable underlying reasons why the female primary school teacher does not involve herself in further studies. Furthermore, careful consideration has been given to the importance of study by the female primary school teacher, and in what way the desire to learn can be induced in the female primary school teacher. The main objective of the thesis was to investigate factors, from an educational perspective, which could be responsible for the female primary school teacher not taking up further studies. For this purpose, a questionnaire was distributed to female primary school teachers in Pretoria, who are currently in the teaching profession yet not involved in present.

This naturalistic case study documents a year long Teacher Professional Development Program (TPDP) initiated by an elementary school staff in British Columbia. The TPDP was designed to enable the teachers to meet their objective of making science instruction more frequent, more active, and more student-centered in all classrooms in the school. This case study addresses two research questions: 1. What attributes of the Teacher Professional Development Program supported the school's "objective" for improved science instruction? 2. How did the outcomes of the Teacher Professional Development Program relate to the achievement of the school's educational objective? The site for the research was a kindergarten - Grade 7 school. A university professor and the researcher were invited to visit the school on a bi-weekly basis during one school year (1993-94) to facilitate a series of science workshops involving the entire teaching staff and to provide classroom support to teachers. Teachers were offered university course credit for their participation. This case study draws on qualitative data including: audio recordings of planning/debriefing sessions, workshop discussions, and interviews with participants; field notes and written observations; a survey of teachers' opinions about the TPDP; and documents relating to the school accreditation process in 1994-95. The results of the study show that teachers, administrators, and parents were satisfied that the school's objective for science instruction was met, and that the TPDP contributed significantly to this outcome. The study identifies TPDP attributes which supported the school's objective with reference to the teachers and their context, the planning process, and the organizational context, that is, the school. This study contributes to our understanding of teacher professional development by examining an alternative to more common approaches to elementary teacher science inservice in British Columbia, which are typically short-term, designed by inservice providers with little input from participants, and removed physically and conceptually from the classroom. Such inservice experiences often lack administrative and collegial support for the teacher who attempts classroom implementation. While this study relates to science, the discussion is relevant to other curriculum areas such as fine arts or physical education. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

A sociocultural theoretical lens is used to study university and school collaboration, and the ways in which a context for teacher learning is created in this process. It also examines the results of teacher learning. Using qualitative data gathered in the two projects, the study confirms that collaboration can offer a supportive context for teachers to learn. / As an area of inquiry, teacher learning has grown increasingly important in the field of teacher development and school improvement. It is commonly believed that teacher development is a form of professional development; and professional development implies 'learning' by teachers. Even though opportunities for teachers' professional development have increased in recent years, there has been little advancement toward a commonly shared understanding of the vital aspects of professional development: What are the essential factors for success? What do teachers really learn from professional development? Based on the idea of facilitating school improvement and teacher development more effectively, several important university-school collaborative projects were introduced and launched in Hong Kong and Beijing in the last decade. / During the process of appropriation, teachers master and own the necessary cultural tools, and then aquire about new knowledge and skills that enhance understanding on practice. During the process of collaboration, which is established on the principles of trust and equality, university faculties provide teachers with cultural tools, which is essential for teacher change. Only when the cultural tools are appropriated by teachers as agents can real change take palce. / From the institutional perspective, school organization, education policy, and social culture are important factors that have a strong impact on teachers. This study finds that teachers can construct a new understanding on the major subject that they teach, their relationship with the student, and their role and identity as a teacher. This is accomplished through a reflection on the moral dimension of teaching, an exercise that involves both the teachers and univerisy faculty. / Key words. teacher learning; teacher professional development; university-school collaboration; sociocultural theory; teacher professional identity / This study aims to delineate teacher learning in the context of university and school collaboration. The two projects under investigation are based in Hong Kong and Beijing. While the two projects have different missions, the participants in both projects share a common belief that collaboration should enhance teacher capacity and ultimately help to improve students' learning. / 鍾亞妮. / Adviser: Lo Nai-Kwai-Leslie. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: A, page: 3114. / Thesis (doctoral)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 242-258). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / School code: 1307. / Zhong Yani.

Thesis (PhD (Curriculum Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / This dissertation is an interpretive analysis of the professional experiences of six beginning Home Economics teachers in Malawi. The specific aim of the study was to explore the opportunities, challenges and problems of the teachers in their first year of teaching. The data for the study were developed using a triangulation of five research methods, including a questionnaire, face-to-face interviews, classroom observations, teachers’ reflective diaries and focus group discussions. Grounded theory was used as the methodology and analytical framework of the study. Research in teacher education acknowledges that learning to teach is a complex process (Calderhead & Shorrock, 1997; Flores, 2001; Flores & Day, 2006; Solmon, Worthy & Carter, 1993) and that the first year of teaching has a very important impact on the future careers of beginning teachers (Stokking, Leender, De Jong and Van Tarwijk, 2003; Solmon et al., 1993). The transition from the teacher training institution to the secondary school classroom is characterised by a type of reality shock in which the ideals that were formed during teacher training are replaced by the reality of school life (Lortie, 1975). The results in this study point at the school context as the ‘reality definer’ in the professional experiences of the teachers. The findings also support previous studies of beginning teachers which have emphasised the vulnerability of beginning teachers and show the first year of teaching as a ‘sink or swim experience’. However, the results show a unique relationship between the school context and school expectations. In this dissertation I contend that it is this relationship that was fundamental to the professional experiences of the six beginning Home Economics teachers. In the dissertation I present a three-stage substantive-level theory of the beginning teachers’ experiences and argue for the redefinition of the perception of teacher learning in Malawi: from a definition of pre-service teacher education as teacher learning, to teacher learning as a ‘triadic process’ comprised of teacher education, school induction and continued professional development.

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

The purposes of this study were to determine (a) what teacher evaluation processes or instruments are used in the 45 independent schools of the Southwest, (b) what types of professional development activities or programs are provided for teachers in these schools, and (c) how the development and implementation of the teacher evaluation process and professional development programs are perceived by the teaching faculty in selected schools. Questionnaires were administered to chief administrators of the 45 member schools of the Independent Schools Association of the Southwest. From the 28 schools submitting completed questionnaires and evaluation instruments, it was found that: (a) 3 of the schools had a very informal process, (b) 7 of the schools had an informal process, (c) 12 of the schools had a formal process, and (d) 6 of the schools had a very formal process. Four generalizations emerged from factors evident at the 5 schools selected for on-site visitations which should be addressed by independent schools regardless of the type of evaluation process used: (a) each school should develop a teacher evaluation policy; (b) each school should develop evaluation criteria and procedures that relate to each teacher's classification; (c) each school should delineate the specific role of the chief administrator in the evaluation process, and (d) each school should design a program of preferred professional development activities for each teacher's classification and level of the school. Finally, the recommendation was made that further research on teacher evaluation in independent schools include the investigation of how and why schools select a particular teacher evaluation process.

作者 張滿常 = A study of the relationship between the ... / 據手稿本影印. / 附加書名頁題: 在職小學敎師訓練課程之畢業班學員對科學之態度之硏究. / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學硏究院敎育學部. / Ju shou gao ben ying yin. / Fu jia shu ming ye ti: Zai zhi xiao xue jiao shi xun lian ke cheng zhi bi ye ban xue yuan dui ke xue zhi tai du zhi yan jiu. / zuo zhe Zhang Manchang = A study of the relationship between the ... / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue yan jiu yuan jiao yu xue bu. / 作者簡歷 --- p.i / 誌謝 --- p.ii / 圖表目次　 --- p.ix / 論文提要 --- p.xiv / Chapter 第一章 --- 導　言　 --- p.1 / 問題背景　 --- p.1 / 香港在職小學教師訓練課程的發展　 --- p.6 / 研究的意義 --- p.10 / 研究的目的 --- p.11 / 研究的問題　 --- p.11 / 重要的名詞闡釋 --- p.13 / 文獻評述 --- p.15 / 測量科學態度的意義 --- p.15 / 與態度有關的文獻參攷 --- p.23 / 與科學態度有關的文獻參攷 --- p.28 / 本研究的理論基礎：Haladyna Olsen及Shauqhnessy (1982) 的理論模式 --- p.41 / 與本研究中學員回憶中三時期經驗有關的文獻參攷 --- p.60 / Chapter 第二章 --- 研究方法 --- p.64 / 研究的對象與取樣　 --- p.64 / 研究工具 --- p.65 / 研究設計 --- p.76 / 研究程序 --- p.76 / 資料分析 --- p.81 / Chapter 第三章 --- 結果與討論 --- p.83 / 本研究中全體學員對科學的態度及男女學員對科學的態度的差異 --- p.83 / 相關分析結果與討論　 --- p.85 / 複迴歸分析結果與討論 --- p.99 / Chapter 第四章 --- 總結、限制與建議 --- p.124 / 總結 --- p.124 / 研究限制 --- p.129 / 建議 --- p.132 / 參攷書目 英文部分 --- p.138 / 中文部分 --- p.153 / 附錄 --- p.158 / Chapter 　附錄一 / 甲部：學生、教師、學習環境量表 Haladyna 239}0Μ¡Shaughnessy：The Inventory of Affective Aspects of Schooling (IAAS） --- p.158 / 乙部：科學態度量表 Shriqley 239}0Μ¡ Johnson Science Att.tnde Scale (SAS) --- p.162 / Chapter 　附錄二 / 甲部：IAAS　量表中各分項的信度係數及量表的效度 --- p.163 / 乙部：SAS量表的信度係數及其效度 --- p.166 / Chapter 　附錄三　 --- 第一次預試中，IAAS量表內各分項的內在一致性信度 --- p.169 / Chapter 附錄四 --- 第二次預試中，IAAS量表內各分項的內在一致性信度 --- p.172

As the New Curriculum Reform proceeds to its second stage, the key roles played by teachers in curriculum implementation are increasingly recognized by policy makers and researchers. As a result, teacher professional development has become the focus of a series of major policies, projects and plans. However, are teachers empowered by such measures, especially by officially sanctioned institutionalized learning? From the perspective of teacher leadership, this study attempts to examine the teachers' role in training and to explore the possibility of a teacher-led professional development. In this study, teacher-led professional development refers to (1) teachers' self-direction and autonomy over their own professional growth, and (2) teacher leaders' influence over the professional community. The major research questions of this study are: (1) What are the power relations between the state, university professors and school teachers? In the context of power relations, what is teacher leadership? (2) What kind of teacher leadership exists in the Chinese schools? (3) What are the obstacles that prevent teachers from leading? What conditions are necessary for teachers to genuinely own their professional development? / In order to answer the above questions, documentation research and field research was conducted at state, provincial, municipal, district and school levels. Documentation research warranted content analysis of relevant policies and field research warranted observations and interviews in two schools. / In the United States and the United Kingdom, two policy stances were developed in response to global change: policies for standardization, accountability, and assessment; and policies for capacity building and good practices. Teacher leadership is a reform strategy in the second stance. It postulates that teachers should become leaders in curriculum, instruction, school restructuring and professional development. This study is an attempt to explore teacher's leadership over their professional development in the Chinese Mainland. / This study argues that the existing system of teacher professional development in the Chinese Mainland is power-coercive, and formal teacher leadership was characterized by hierarchy, meritocracy and instrumentalism all of which have a negative impact on teacher professional development. The state performs multiple roles as reformer, monopolizer, legislator and enforcer. To implement the New Curriculum, "technologies of power" are employed and they form a tight control over the process of continuing teacher education. University professors have a relatively smaller impact on teachers as their effects on school reform are dubious. Teachers feel deprofessionalized and powerless in most institutionalized training which offer no choice and autonomy. Confronted by the state's monopoly of power, distorted professional values, weak professional awareness, and weak support from school leader, teacher leadership faces strong challenges. The finding of this study suggest that in order for teacher leadership to emerge, four conditions are necessary: delegation of power to school and teacher, reconstruction of professional values, more support from school leaders to teacher leaders, and a collaborative teacher culture. / 陳崢. / Adviser: Leslie Lo Nai Kwan. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: A, page: 2956. / Thesis (doctoral)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 278-293). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / School code: 1307. / Chen Zheng.