Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:22:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Cibele Gonzalez Pellizzari Alonso.pdf: 20660490 bytes, checksum: 3275d5ad9a3b4ab5d2c7fc502bf40572 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-28 / The lexicon is one of the aspects that students of a foreign language have most difficult with. Despite the fact that one can make phonetic, grammatical, pragmatic mistakes and still be understood, communication may be compromised by the misuses of vocabulary. Thus, we observe that the lexicon cannot be neglected in the process of teaching and learning because students often present, even at an advanced level, poor range and appropriacy of lexicon, which impairs their proper use of the language. Therefore, the target of this research is the study of the process of teaching and learning the lexicon, more specifically, the polysemous words that are present in the textbooks of Spanish as a Foreign Language (E / LE), because we believe that knowing the several meanings of such words helps students extend their range and appropriacy of lexicon. Consequently, this research found theoretical support in Corpus Linguistics, specifically in the area of corpus-based research which is concerned with the process of teaching and learning foreign languages (Sánchez, 1995; SINCLAIR, 1991, Halliday 2002 BERBER SARDINHA, 2004). The proposed questions were: 1. Are the meanings of polysemous words which are present in textbooks the most frequent ones on a daily basis? 2. What is the importance of the textbook in the process of teaching and learning the lexicon? 3. Do students use resources other than the textbook in order to extend their range of vocabulary (in this particular case, the different meanings of polysemous words)? 4. Do the activities developed with concordance lines contribute to the learning of new meanings of polysemous words? The corpora used in the research were: 1) a corpus of texts elaborated from four textbooks E / LE, 2) two corpora with essays written by twelve students (informants), developed at different moments, and 3) a corpus of reference, CREA ( Reference Corpus del Español Actual), the Royal Spanish Academy. In response to the research questions, the results indicated that students may use different resources to acquire and extend their lexicon, but the textbook is the main one. Nevertheless, it was observed in this study that the lexicon presented in textbooks does not necessarily involve the actual colloquial language used on a daily basis. Hence, the authors of the textbooks need to devote more attention to the lexicon they will present in their materials. Moreover, teachers can collaborate in this task by supplementing the book with activities. For this, we suggest the use of activities designed with lines of agreement, contributing effectively to the acquisition of the lexicon. All in all, these findings bring a contribution to the field of teaching-learning E / LE through corpora, helping to fill the gap in the work specifically with the teaching of polysemous words in Spanish as a foreign language. There were no studies in this field up to this moment and therefore, the aim of this research is to make a unique contribution / O léxico é um dos aspectos que apresentam maior dificuldade aos estudantes de uma língua estrangeira, pois podemos cometer erros fonéticos, gramaticais, pragmáticos e ser compreendidos, mas muitos dos usos incorretos de vocabulário prejudicam a comunicação. Assim sendo, observamos que o léxico não pode ser trabalhado de maneira secundária no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, pois os estudantes apresentam, muitas vezes, inclusive em um nível avançado, um léxico pobre, o que os prejudica. Dessa forma, constituiu objeto central deste trabalho o estudo sobre o ensino-aprendizagem do léxico, mais especificamente, das palavras polissêmicas que aparecem nos livros didáticos de espanhol como língua estrangeira (E/LE), pois acreditamos que conhecer os vários significados das mesmas contribui para a ampliação do universo lexical dos estudantes. Para tanto, o trabalho encontrou suporte teórico na Linguística de Corpus, mais especificamente, na área de pesquisa baseada em corpus que se preocupa com o ensino-aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras (SÁNCHEZ, 1995; SINCLAIR, 1991; HALLIDAY, 2002, BERBER SARDINHA, 2004). As questões de pesquisa propostas foram as seguintes: 1. O(s) significado(s) das palavras polissêmicas que aparece(m) nos livros didáticos é(são) o(s) mais frequente(s) no dia a dia? 2. Qual a importância do livro didático no processo de ensino-aprendizagem do léxico? 3. Os estudantes utilizam outros recursos, além do livro didático, para ampliar seu léxico, neste caso específico, os diferentes significados das palavras polissêmicas? 4. As atividades elaboradas com linhas de concordância contribuem para a aprendizagem de novos significados das palavras polissêmicas? Os corpora empregados na pesquisa foram: 1) um corpus elaborado a partir dos textos de quatro livros didáticos de E/LE; 2) dois corpora com redações de doze informantes, elaboradas em diferentes momentos; e 3) um corpus de referência, CREA (Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual), da Real Academia Espanhola. Os resultados indicaram, em resposta às perguntas de pesquisa, que os estudantes podem utilizar diferentes recursos para adquirir e ampliar seu léxico, mas o livro didático é o principal deles. Não obstante, observou-se, neste estudo, que o léxico apresentado nos livros didáticos nem sempre representa a língua em uso. Por isso, os autores dos livros didáticos precisam dedicar mais atenção ao léxico que vai introduzir em seus materiais, e, por outro lado, os professores podem colaborar nessa tarefa complementando o livro com atividades. Para isso, sugerimos a utilização de atividades elaboradas com linhas de concordância, que contribuem de forma eficaz para a aquisição do léxico. Tais achados, portanto, trazem uma contribuição para a área de ensino-aprendizagem de E/LE por meio de corpora, ajudando a preencher a lacuna existente especificamente nos trabalhos com o ensino de palavras polissêmicas em espanhol como língua estrangeira. Até o momento, não havia estudos nessa área, e, portanto, esta pesquisa espera ter-lhe feito uma contribuição origina

Notre thèse envisage la production écrite en classe de français comme une pratique scolaire novatrice lorsqu’elle est accomplie au sein d’un espace-atelier et réalisée par l’entremise du jeu, de la mise en scène et du montage d’un spectacle. Pour ce faire, nous avons mis en œuvre une pièce de théâtre, Caligula d’Albert Camus, comme moyen d’enseignement-apprentissage, en l’accompagnant d’une gamme d’outils –dispositif ou unité didactique, vidéo de la pièce, carnet de bord, etc., – favorisant en parallèle une recherche-action sur terrain. Notre travail questionne en outre la possibilité d’une telle expérience menée dans un lieu peu commun, le Sud de l’Algérie, dans l’oasis de Bou-Saâda, et auprès d’un groupe d’apprenants d’une classe de 2e année Langues Étrangères au lycée. Nos objectifs sont de cultiver la compétence écrite chez l’apprenant oasien via l’écriture théâtrale, de lui donner goût à l’apprentissage de la langue et de conférer une certaine dynamique à cet apprentissage en lui permettant de créer et de voir représenté ce qu’il écrit sur le plateau. Au-delà d’une simple acquisition de compétences rédactionnelles, nous avons pu constater des mutations dans les représentations scolaires et sociales de la langue française chez le groupe-apprenant, issu d’une société sudiste conservatrice, chez qui la langue-cible a un statut différent de celui dont elle bénéficie au Nord, ce qui renvoie, par là même, à l’histoire, à la géographie et au plurilinguisme du pays. / Our thesis considers the written production, in a French class, as an innovative school practice when it is accomplished in a workshop space, and realized through the play, staging, and editing of a show. In order to do this, we have implemented a play, Caligula by Albert Camus, as a way of teaching and learning, accompanied by a range of tools - a teaching device or unit, a video of the play, Logbook, etc., - promoting, at the same time, an action research on the ground. Our work also questions the possibility of such an experiment conducted in an unusual place, the South of Algeria, in the oasis of Bou-Saâda, and with a group of learners 2nd Year, Foreign Languages in high school. Our aims are to improve the written skills of the oasis learner through theatrical scripture, to give him a taste to learn the language; and to give a certain dynamic to this learning by allowing him to create and see represented what 'He writes on the set’. Beyond a simple acquisition of editorial skills, we have seen changes in the academic and social representations of the French language in the learner group, from a conservative Southern society, in which the target language has a different status has the respect to the North, evoking the history, geography and multi-linguals of the country.