M.Ed. / Peoples' daily actions is a display window of their values. In the same way are the creations of people, whether it is art, cultural or technology creations, a reflection of what people (creators) regard as beautiful, meaningful and useful - that which they value. The presence of dualism in the values of educators appears to create confusion in relation to the value orientation of young people. Continuous, rapid changes in all walks of life could be seen as a possible reason for the confusion in relation to values that young people in South Africa are currently experiencing. Economic improvement, the result of technological development, resulted in secularisation as well. Secularisation is responsible for the superficialisation in the value-orientation of people. This superficialisation persists and although the "right things" are said in the education process, it appears from the actions of the very same educators, that other things are right and acceptable. The problem statement of the research is that it is not determined yet that through the integration of values to the learning content of school curricula, the value orientation of the learners could be established and enhanced. In lieu thereof the aim of the study was to determine whether the ethical value orientation of learners can be enhanced by an integrated learning programme. A case study consisting of action research was done. A qualitative research approach was followed and focus group interviews were conducted as a data collecting method. Empathy, an ethical value, was integrated to the learning content of Afrikaans Seconds Language and were taught through following an interdisciplinary approach between Technology and Language, Literacy and Communication. The results of the study shown that as a result of the close interwoveness within valueorientations, not only was empathy intensified, but other values were sensitise too. Although only two learning areas were involved in the case study, it is recommended that values be integrated to the learning content of all learning areas at school level.

M.Ed. (Educational Management) / Apprentices in South Africa must attend a technical college for their theory training. A major problem is that technical colleges experience difficulty in attracting suitable people to be appointed as lecturers in their technical departments. The majority of technical lecturers are artisans who are drawn from industry as they are needed to teach trade theory to apprentices. In most cases the young lecturer who teaches technical subjects does not have the necessary professional qualifications. One cannot assume that someone who is suitably qualified in a technical field of study is necessarily capable of successfully passing on his knowledge to the students. , The functions and tasks of the lecturer must be examined. Once these have been defined, one can concentrate on the recruitment of lecturers. The following factors must be considered: admission requirements, evaluation and acknowledgement of qualifications, promotion and conditions of service. It is not only important to recruit the most suitably qualified person but just as important to ensure that this person remains in the teaching profession. The problem is that salaries and benefits are determined by the education department and colleges cannot compete with industry. In most cases the suitable lecturers, as well as those with a few years teaching experience, are offered well-paid jobs with excellent benefits in the industrial sector. The technical lecturer is a member of the college staff. As many lecturers have the required professional qualifications, it is imperative that all lecturers fulfil the requirements set by the teaching profession. This means that most of the newly appointed technical lecturers must be professionally developed. The principal of the college plays a vital role in the professional training and development of the lecturer. He can promote this by adopting the correct managerial attitude and by creating the appropriate college climate. A good evaluation system is also important...

M.Ed. (Education) / Lecturers at technical colleges mostly come from industry and consequently they seldom have experience of teaching or the necessary qualifications to teach. As the educational profession has no formal and compulsory induction into the profession, beginner lecturers are put directly into class and are expected to teach. Although these lecturers have the required subject knowledge, they definitely lack the necessary didactical skills or methodology of education. Due to "swim-or-sink" attitude, beginner lecturers experience unique problems that place them under tremendous pressure and stress. The aim of this study was focused on the grounding of guidelines that could be used in designing an induction programme for beginner lecturers at a technical college. The methods used in grounding these guidelines for induction at a technical college were: * a relevant study of literature that was conducted into three induction programmes used in various sectors of the industry, to enquire more knowledge with regard to the design and function of these programmes; a literature and empirical study of the experienced needs and problems of beginner lectures when entering the teaching profession. A qualitative research approach was used to conduct a study in which the needs and problems of beginner lecturers in a specific technical college were identified by means of structured interviews. The lecturers that participated in this inquiry were asked to describe their experiences related to their needs and problems when they entered the teaching profession. From the analysed data the following needs and problems were identified:...