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A little over 10 years ago the Mexican government privatized Telefonos de Mexico, S.A. (Telmex), the telecommunications monopoly that had dominated the market since 1948 and had become a government-owned company in 1976. This thesis focuses on the company's privatization and on the regulatory framework that resulted, analyzing the achievement of the objectives set with the purpose of liberalizing the market and opening it to competition and foreign investors. / The main issues addressed are the regulatory framework of Mexican telecommunications, the players involved, interconnection of their networks, foreign investment in Mexican telecommunications, licensing of radio frequencies, rate regulation, universal service obligations, and the international scenario in liberalization of trade in telecommunication services and the relating international instruments, insofar as they relate to the Mexican experience.

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The opening of telecommunications to competition since the beginning of the 1980's has several explanations. Governments have acknowledged that the regulatory preservation of national monopolies had become impossible as well as economically inefficient, notably because of certain technological revolutions. Liberalization of telecommunications must also be seen in the context of a global opening of markets, of which the most obvious manifestation is the creation of the WTO. At the European level, liberalization is the logical consequence of the Treaty of Rome principles and objectives. / Introducing competition to the telecommunication sector proves to be extremely difficult in practice, especially in a context where telecommunication, media an information technologies industries converge. The new regulation must find, through the definition of interconnection conditions between operators and the preservation of universal service, an equilibrium between the conflicting interests of incumbent and new operators, and those of professional and residential customers.

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Outer Space no longer represents a quiet mean where governments place their satellites in order to cover the communications needs of their people. Technological developments and the increase of economic benefits deriving from telecommunications have caused the proliferation of megacarriers located on a world-wide basis and the treatment of telecommunications as a business product. In this scenario, the International Telecommunication Union and the World Trade Organization separately rule the development of telecommunications via satellite, affecting national regulations and, at the same time, the evolvement of the pattern in commercial relations among the companies who develop satellite telecommunications in outer space. This thesis illustrates the state of the liberalization of telecommunications and the main national obstacles for its achievement. This study thoroughly analyzes the functioning of the two leader organizations, ITU and WTO, and the regulations that they are enacting. Additionally, the thesis analyzes the most practical and new problems that influence their structure, such as the new technological developments, the role of national regulations of some countries, and the privatization of intergovernmental organizations. Moreover, the thesis examines the increase in the demand of space resources and the introduction of market mechanisms to the attribution of orbital slots and frequencies, due to the increase of private actors, and concludes with the proposal of possible models of cooperation between the two leader organizations. ITU and WTO, in order to rationally and efficiently deal with ruling telecommunications.