O presente trabalho tem por finalidade discorrer sobre o processo de formação e desenvolvimento do aldeamento jesuítico de Mboy (séculos XVII-XVIII). A Companhia de Jesus, ao longo de dois séculos de atuação em São Paulo, desenvolveu um complexo sistema de aldeamentos em torno do Colégio de Santo Inácio com o objetivo de expandir e ampliar o empreendimento missionário. No entanto, com o avanço da missão, os jesuítas ficam cada vez mais implicados em atividades de natureza temporal e, portanto, envolvidos diretamente no desenvolvimento de diversificadas fontes de renda visando assim a manutenção e sustentabilidade econômica destes locais. Desta forma, ao passo que há a expansão da fronteira missionária, os jesuítas também alargam suas fronteiras físicas, econômicas e simbólicas ao ocuparem novos espaços e se tornarem, à semelhança dos demais colonos, proprietários. Assim, a partir do surgimento de um aldeamento, o presente estudo propõe uma reflexão acerca dos conflitos, disputas e negociações que giram em torno da formação de um determinado patrimônio, seja ele de natureza econômica, social ou cultural, à exemplo da antiga Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Rosário e seu acervo, atualmente preservados no Museu de Arte Sacra dos Jesuítas em Embu das Artes. / The present work aim to discuss about the process of formation and development of the jesuit mission of Mboy (17th-18th centuries). The Society of Jesus, throughout two centuries of operation in São Paulo, had developed a complex system of reductions around the Colégio de Santo Inácio, aiming to expand the missionary enterprise. However, as their mission grew, the Jesuits got increasingly involved in activities of temporal nature, and therefore directly involved in the development of diverse sources of income, in order to achieve their economical maintenance. Thus, while expanding their missionary frontier, by occupying new territories the Jesuits also expanded their physical, economic and symbolic boundaries, becoming, such as the other colonists, proprietors. That said, through the emergence of a Jesuit settlement, this study proposes a reflection about the conflicts, disputes and negotiations around the formation of a certain heritage, be that of economic, social or cultural nature, as in the old church of Our Lady of the Rosary and its collection, currently preserved in the Museu de Arte Sacra dos Jesuítas in Embu das Artes.

Le Concordat, qui permet le retour à la paix civile et le rétablissement du culte, est accueilli avec soulagement dans un diocèse de Nantes durement éprouvé par la décennie révolutionnaire. Il instaure un régime neuf dans lequel la religion catholique, de même que les autres cultes reconnus, est protégée et financée par l'État mais également placée sous la surveillance du pouvoir civil. Les édifices et les objets religieux nationalisés en 1789 sont mis à la disposition du clergé et des fidèles mais demeurent des propriétés publiques. L'affectation exclusive à l'exercice du culte place néanmoins l'Église dans un rôle qui lui permet de faire prévaloir les besoins religieux sur le droit de propriété ou sur les considérations archéologiques qui apparaissent au cours du XIXe siècle. Le système concordataire crée les conditions d'une transformation spectaculaire des édifices religieux, agrandis, modifiés ou remplacés pour répondre aux besoins du culte, laissant peu de place à la conservation des monuments anciens et prenant dans le diocèse de Nantes le caractère d'unevéritable table rase. L'Église semble pourtant adhérer au mouvement général de reconnaissance des monuments religieux, apportant son concours aux politiques publiques et contribuant aux initiatives du milieu érudit. Cette participation reste cependant superficielle et révèle des motivations inconciliables avec les préoccupations archéologiques. L'engouement pour un passé monumental largement idéalisé provoque, au lieu de la conservation de ses vestiges matériels, la naissance d'une architecture et d'un art religieux nouveaux, inspirés des formes médiévales mais répondant aux besoins contemporains du culte et à des constructions symboliques propres à l'Église du XIXe siècle / The French Concordat, which brings back civil peace and restores the exercise of worship, is welcomed by the diocese of Nantes after the Revolution decade. A new regime is established for the Catholic religion, which is protected and financed by the State but also placed under control of civil authorities. The churches and the liturgical objects nationalized in 1789 are left at the disposal of the clergy and the believers but remain in the public domain. With this exclusive use for worship, the Catholic Church is given a preponderant role, in which the needs of religion prevailing over the property right and the archaeological considerations born in the 19th century. The Concordat system creates the conditions of an entiretransformation, particularly impressive in the diocese of Nantes: the religious buildings are enlarged, modified or replaced to satisfy religious needs without taking into account archaeological conservation. Nevertheless, the Church seems to provide support to the public policies and to private initiatives for the recognition of religious monuments. However, the ecclesiastical contribution remains superficial and reveals motives inconsistent with archaeological concerns. The infatuation for an idealized past does not produce the conservation of material remains but on the contrary the birth of a new religious art, adapted to the contemporary needs of the exercise of worship and to the symbolic constructions specific to the 19th century Church