Life history of Phoxinus tennesseensis (Tennessee dace), a species deemed "in need of management" in Tennessee and endangered in Virginia, was investigated from August 1999 to May 2001 on 2 populations in Trinkle Creek and Timbertree Branch, Sullivan County, Tennessee. Samples were taken monthly to provide information on growth, reproductive biology, preferred habitat, and demography. Observations were made during the breeding season to determine spawning strategy. Breeding season lasted from April to June. Spawning occurred over the nest of Semotilus atromaculatus (creek chub) and Campostoma anomalum (central stoneroller). With 1 to 10 females, 20 to 45 male dace gathered over the nest. Phoxinus tennesseensis populations have 4 age classes. The normal life span of the dace was about 2 years with 1st year fish constituting a majority of the total population. Historic populations and potentially new populations were sampled to determine the current distribution in Northeast Tennessee.