Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-02-15T12:38:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoAgustinhoDeBritoNeto_DISSERT.pdf: 3893797 bytes, checksum: f8f362f7dacddff2f5bb1679cbfbb1f4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-02-19T21:00:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoAgustinhoDeBritoNeto_DISSERT.pdf: 3893797 bytes, checksum: f8f362f7dacddff2f5bb1679cbfbb1f4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-19T21:00:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoAgustinhoDeBritoNeto_DISSERT.pdf: 3893797 bytes, checksum: f8f362f7dacddff2f5bb1679cbfbb1f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-31 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / As regi?es polares t?m um papel crucial no clima do planeta, pois constituem verdadeiros sumidouros de energia. O continente Ant?rtico apresenta caracter?sticas f?sicas e geogr?ficas que propiciam a gera??o de condi??es meteorol?gicas adversas, tendo outro importante atributo a grande variabilidade interanual do gelo marinho. Este estudo tem como um dos objetivos estudar e avaliar o comportamento das condi??es de gelo marinho em pontos fixos no Mar de Weddell, assim como os fluxos de energia em superf?cie e temperatura do ar, utilizando um modelo din?mico pontual. A ?rea de estudo corresponde ao Mar de Weddell situado na parte mais ao sul do oceano Atl?ntico, entre as latitudes 83? 10? Sul a 55? 00? Sul e longitudes 84? 00? Oeste a 10? 00? Leste. Esta ?rea cobre aproximadamente 3,4 milh?es de Km? correspondendo aproximadamente o tamanho do Giro de Weddell. Um outro objetivo ? caracterizar as condi??es clim?ticas em superf?cie na regi?o. Para isso utilizaram-se dados di?rios de Press?o Atmosf?rica em Superf?cie, Velocidade e Dire??o do Vento, al?m da Temperatura do ar a 2 metros, oriundos de 6 esta??es meteorol?gicas do Instituto Ant?rtico Argentino localizados ao longo da borda continental que compreende o Mar de Weddell. Desta forma, realizou-se um estudo das condi??es extremas na velocidade do vento, com dados de rean?lise do Era-Interim, para os ventos zonal e meridional, press?o ao n?vel m?dio do mar e altura geopotencial. Para as condi??es iniciais que alimentam o modelo pontual de gelo marinho, utilizaram-se dados dos fluxos de energia e radia??o di?rios provenientes das rean?lises do NCEP/NCAR. O per?odo de estudo compreende janeiro de 1979 a dezembro de 2015. Quanto ? caracteriza??o das condi??es meteorol?gicas sobre o Mar de Weddell observou-se que quando h? eventos extremos na regi?o, estes estavam associados a ciclones extratropicais transientes. Tendo tamb?m impacto no aumento da temperatura na maioria das esta??es, devido ? advec??o de temperatura oriundo de latitudes menores. As simula??es com o modelo pontual mostraram que a neve ? um grande controlador na taxa de crescimento e derretimento do gelo marinho sobre o Mar do Weddell. Enquanto, que o modelo subestima a Temperatura do Ar em todos os pontos simulados. / The polar regions play a crucial role in the climate of the planet, as they constitute true energy sinks. The Antarctic continent presents physical and geographical characteristics that provide the generation of adverse weather conditions, having another important attribute the great interannual variability of the sea ice. This study has as one of the objectives to study and evaluate the behavior of marine ice conditions at fixed points in the sea of Weddell, as well as the energy flows in surface and temperature of the air, using a dynamic model punctual. The area of study corresponds to the sea of Weddell situated in the southern part of the Atlantic Ocean, between the latitudes 83 ? 10 ' South at 55 ? 00 ' South and longitudes 84 ? 00 ' West at 10 ? 00 ' East. This area covers approximately 3.4 million km? corresponding to approximately the size of Weddell. Another objective is to characterize the surface climatic conditions in the region. For this use daily data of atmospheric pressure on surface, speed and direction of the wind, in addition to the air temperature at 2 meters, from 6 meteorological stations of the Argentine Antarctic Institute located along the Continental edge that comprises the sea of Weddell. In this way, a study of the extreme conditions at wind speed was carried out, with data of reanalysis of the Era-Interim, for the winds of the region and the south, pressure at the average sea level and geopotential height. For the initial conditions that feed the time model of marine ice, data were used of the daily energy flows and radiation from the reanalysis of NCEP/NCAR. The study period comprises January from 1979 to December 2015. As for the characterization of the weather conditions on the sea of Weddell it was observed that when there are extreme events in the region, these were associated with transient extratropical cyclones. It also has an impact on the increase in temperature in most stations due to the advection of temperature from smaller latitudes. The simulations with the punctual model showed that snow is a great controller in the rate of growth and melting of sea ice over the sea of the Weddell. Meanwhile, the model underestimates the air temperature at all simulated points.