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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Influence of temperature on germination and spacing in production under low altitude and lettuce cultivars latitude / InfluÃncia da temperatura na germinaÃÃo e de espaÃamentos na produÃÃo em cultivares de alface sob baixa altitude e latitude

Hozano de Souza Lemos Neto 06 February 2015 (has links)
FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / A alface à uma das mais importantes hortaliÃas folhosas cultivadas no mundo. Considerada cultura de clima ameno, sua produÃÃo em regiÃes de baixa altitude e latitude à prejudicada, principalmente, devido Ãs elevadas temperaturas e à predominÃncia de dias longos encontrados nestes locais. Nessas condiÃÃes, ocorre baixa germinaÃÃo e desuniformidade na emergÃncia, por consequÃncia, verifica-se baixa eficiÃncia na produÃÃo de mudas. Tais acontecimentos sÃo importante indÃcio da manifestaÃÃo de um acontecimento fisiolÃgico desencadeado dentro da semente, a dormÃncia. Na alface, tal fenÃmeno parece ser controlado pela interaÃÃo genÃtipo (cultivar) x fatores ambientais, sendo que neste Ãltimo a temperatura tem sido considerada o fator mais relevante. AlÃm dos problemas relacionados ao estabelecimento do stand inicial, seja em campo ou viveiro de produÃÃo de mudas, plantas de alface submetidas a elevadas temperaturas tambÃm podem apresentar pendoamento precoce, o que resulta na necessidade de antecipaÃÃo da colheita provocando, assim, reduÃÃo na produÃÃo. Baseado no exposto, objetivou-se com este trabalho, avaliar o comportamento germinativo de cultivares de alface submetidas a diferentes nÃveis de temperatura e de espaÃamentos sob condiÃÃo de baixa altitude e latitude. No primeiro experimento foram utilizadas sementes de alface das cultivares Red Salad Bowl, Salad Bowl Green, Marianne, Elba, Mimosa Green Salad Bowl, Crespa Lollo Bionda e Crespa para VerÃo, sob diferentes condiÃÃes de temperatura diurna (15; 20; 25; 30; 35 e 40 ÂC). As âRed Salad Bowlâ e âSalad Bowl Greenâ foram as que apresentaram os maiores percentuais de germinaÃÃo, acima de 81%, atà a temperatura de 35 ÂC, sendo assim consideradas termotolerantes. No segundo experimento, estudou se o comportamento produtivo das cultivares que apresentaram os melhores percentuais de germinaÃÃo e emergÃncia no primeiro experimento (Red Salad Bowl, Salad Bowl Green, Mimosa Green Salad Bowl e Crespa Lollo Bionda) em diferentes espaÃamentos. As âSalad Bowl Greenâ e âMimosa Green Salad Bowlâ foram as que se destacaram, jà que apresentaram tolerÃncia mÃdia ao pendoamneto, 63 dias apÃs semeadura (DAS), e florescimento tardio, 95 DAS. A âSalad Bowl Greenâ, no espaÃamento 0,25 x 0,30 m, produziu plantas com maior massa fresca e seca total. O espaÃamento de 0,20 x 0,20 m foi o que possibilitou a maior produtividade para todos os cultivares avaliados, podendo ser considerado como o mais indicado para o cultivo nas condiÃÃes climÃticas de baixa altitude e latitude. / Lettuce is one of the most important leafy vegetables grown in the world. Considered a mild climate culture, its production in low-lying regions and latitude is impaired mainly due to high temperatures and the predominance of long days found in these locations. Under these conditions, germination and low unevenness occurs in the emergency, therefore, there is low efficiency in the production of seedlings. Such events are an indication of the manifestation of a physiological event triggered within the seed dormancy. In lettuce, this phenomenon appears to be controlled by the genotype (cultivar) x environmental factors, and in the latter the temperature has been considered the most important factor. Besides the problems related to the initial stand establishment, either in the field or production nursery seedlings, lettuce subjected to elevated temperatures may also have bolting, resulting in the need for earlier harvesting thus causing a reduction in puduction. Based on the above, the aim of this work was to evaluate the germination behavior of lettuce cultivars under different levels of temperature and spacing on condition of low altitude and latitude. In the first experiment were used lettuce seeds of the cultivars Red Salad Bowl, Salad Bowl Green, Marianne, Elba, Mimosa Green Salad Bowl, Crespa Lollo Bionda and Crespa para VerÃo, under different conditions of day temperature (15; 20; 25; 30; 35 and 40 ÂC). The 'Red Salad Bowl' and 'Green Salad Bowl' were the ones that showed the highest germination rates above 81%, until the temperature of 35 ÂC and therefore were deemed thermotolerant. The second experiment studied the behavior of production of the cultivars that showed the higher resultos of germination percentage and emergence in the first experiment (Red Salad Bowl, Salad Bowl Green, Mimosa Green Salad Bowl and Crespa Lollo Bionda) at different spacings. The ' Salad Bowl Green ' and 'Mimosa Green Salad Bowl' were the ones that stood out, paralleling the average tolerance of bolting, 63 days after sowing (DAS), and late flowering 95 DAS. The 'Green Salad Bowl' cv., spaced 0,25 x 0,30 m, produced plants with increase in weight and total dry. The spacing of 0,20 x 0,20 m was the one that allowed the highest yield for all evaluated cultivars and may be considered as the most suitable for lettuce cultivation in the climatic conditions of low altitude and latitude.

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