The thesis collects and analyses the very first (2nd-5th century) clear quotations, references and interpretations of Acts 15:20.29 and Acts 21:25. It consists of three parts: Part I, which is introductory in nature, presents and comments upon the textual variants of these biblical verses. Part II catalogues and analyses all the relevant texts referring to and commenting on Acts 15:20.29 and Acts 21:25. The purpose is to discover each ancient author’s understanding of the Jerusalem Council’s prohibitions, enumerated in the above verses of Acts. The writers and their texts are divided into three groups depending on which main textual variant of Acts 15:20.29 and Acts 21:25 they referred or quote. Part III presents in its first two chapters a synthesis of the above analyses, juxtaposing and summarizing early authors’ views on the meaning and normativity of the prohibitions. Then, the last chapter examines the potential influence of a variant of Acts 15:20.29 and 21:25 quoted or referred to (or preferred if more variants were known to a given author) by the writers on their understanding of the prohibitions. The thesis shows that despite different textual variants used by the early writers, their interpretations of the prohibitions, although often superficially different, have in a number of cases and on a deeper level more in common than one would preliminarily surmise.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo investigar o processo de transmissão do romance O Seminarista, de Bernardo Guimarães, com a finalidade de identificar, descrever e analisar as alterações sofridas pelo texto ao longo dos anos. O corpus é constituído pelas treze primeiras edições, publicadas entre 1872 e 1949. Partindo dos princípios norteadores da Crítica Textual realizam-se, portanto, a recensão de testemunhos, a colação e o exame das variantes textuais encontradas. Realiza-se, também, a descrição dos testemunhos de acordo com as determinações da Bibliografia Material Após a colação dos testemunhos, verifica-se a existência, entre eles, de duas redações do texto: a completa (na edição A príncipe) e a abreviada (na edição B - Civilização Brasileira, 1931 e na edição C Livraria Martins, s.d.). A redação completa foi reproduzida desde a edição príncipe até meados do século XX, ao passo que a publicação da redação abreviada vem a lume em 1931, pela Civilização Brasileira, e é reproduzida, com algumas modificações, anos depois pela Livraria Martins. Ao examinar as lições variantes do texto é possível identificar alguns padrões, relacionados à sua tipologia e à sua frequência. Quanto à tipologia, identificam-se casos de variação por adição, alteração de ordem, omissão e substituição de caracteres e palavras, além de mudanças na paragrafação e reelaboração textual. Com relação à frequência, observa-se um grande número de omissões, seguido por substituições e um número reduzido de adições, levantando-se, assim, a hipótese de haver uma intenção editorial voltada para a redução do texto, o que resultaria na redação abreviada. / This dissertation aims at investigating the transmission process of the novel O Seminarista, by Bernardo Guimarães, in order to identify, describe and analyze changes made to the text through the years. The corpus of this research is comprised by the thirteen first editions of the novel, published from 1872 to 1949. The guidelines of Textual Scholarship were used during the recension of witnesses, collation and examination of the variants found. Witnesses were also described according to the principles of Textual Bibliography. Based on the collation of witnesses, two versions of the text were found: a complete version (edition A princeps) and an abridged version (edition B Civilização Brasileira, 1931, and edition C Livraria Martins, n.d.). The full text was reproduced from the editio princeps to the middle of the 20th Century, while the abridged text was first published on 1931 by Civilização Brasileira, and was republished years later, with a few changes, by Livraria Martins. A few typology and frequency-related patterns were observed when variant readings were reviewed. Variation types found were addition, order changes, character and word omission and replacement, as well as paragraph changes and rephrasing. The most frequent type of change was omission, followed by replacement. The reduced number of additions seems to indicate that the publishers intention was to reduce the text, which resulted in the abridged versions.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo investigar o processo de transmissão do romance O Seminarista, de Bernardo Guimarães, com a finalidade de identificar, descrever e analisar as alterações sofridas pelo texto ao longo dos anos. O corpus é constituído pelas treze primeiras edições, publicadas entre 1872 e 1949. Partindo dos princípios norteadores da Crítica Textual realizam-se, portanto, a recensão de testemunhos, a colação e o exame das variantes textuais encontradas. Realiza-se, também, a descrição dos testemunhos de acordo com as determinações da Bibliografia Material Após a colação dos testemunhos, verifica-se a existência, entre eles, de duas redações do texto: a completa (na edição A príncipe) e a abreviada (na edição B - Civilização Brasileira, 1931 e na edição C Livraria Martins, s.d.). A redação completa foi reproduzida desde a edição príncipe até meados do século XX, ao passo que a publicação da redação abreviada vem a lume em 1931, pela Civilização Brasileira, e é reproduzida, com algumas modificações, anos depois pela Livraria Martins. Ao examinar as lições variantes do texto é possível identificar alguns padrões, relacionados à sua tipologia e à sua frequência. Quanto à tipologia, identificam-se casos de variação por adição, alteração de ordem, omissão e substituição de caracteres e palavras, além de mudanças na paragrafação e reelaboração textual. Com relação à frequência, observa-se um grande número de omissões, seguido por substituições e um número reduzido de adições, levantando-se, assim, a hipótese de haver uma intenção editorial voltada para a redução do texto, o que resultaria na redação abreviada. / This dissertation aims at investigating the transmission process of the novel O Seminarista, by Bernardo Guimarães, in order to identify, describe and analyze changes made to the text through the years. The corpus of this research is comprised by the thirteen first editions of the novel, published from 1872 to 1949. The guidelines of Textual Scholarship were used during the recension of witnesses, collation and examination of the variants found. Witnesses were also described according to the principles of Textual Bibliography. Based on the collation of witnesses, two versions of the text were found: a complete version (edition A princeps) and an abridged version (edition B Civilização Brasileira, 1931, and edition C Livraria Martins, n.d.). The full text was reproduced from the editio princeps to the middle of the 20th Century, while the abridged text was first published on 1931 by Civilização Brasileira, and was republished years later, with a few changes, by Livraria Martins. A few typology and frequency-related patterns were observed when variant readings were reviewed. Variation types found were addition, order changes, character and word omission and replacement, as well as paragraph changes and rephrasing. The most frequent type of change was omission, followed by replacement. The reduced number of additions seems to indicate that the publishers intention was to reduce the text, which resulted in the abridged versions.

(EN) The doctoral thesis Varianta v poetice Bohumila Hrabala [The process of variation in Bohumil Hrabal's poetics] studies the creative process of writing variants, which the author employed in the whole of his literary production. The main theoretical focus of the thesis is the concept of semantic "openness" introduced by Italian semiotician Umberto Eco (1932-2016) as the possibility of inter­ preting a literary work on the basis of the aestetic information (i.e. the formal construction) of the text. A further elaboration of Eco's concept is to be found in a case study conducted by Michael Špirit (1965-) on one text written by Hrabal in the 50s and presented by Špirit as an example of a concluded text yet open in meaning, and its variant published in the 60s, which according to Špirit has the features of an open text, but is semantically closed. Through the textual analysis of three groups of variant texts written by Hrabal, the thesis argues the development of the process of variation from texts written in the 50s towards the semantic closed­ ness of their variants published in the 60s (epos Krásná Poldi- the short story Krásná Poldi; short stories Kain and Fádní stanice-novella Ostře sledované vlaky-short story Legenda o Kainovi), whi­ le demonstrating the opposite direction of the same process...