The history of nineteenth-century Ireland has traditionally been understood in terms of resistance to state coercion imposed ‘at the point of a bayonet’. This thesis offers an alternative approach by shifting focus away from metropolitan centres of power (Westminster, Dublin Castle) and the state's formal apparatus, toward an understanding of power as environmentally constructed. Using the case of Cork, the thesis traces the emergence of a non-sectarian ethos of urban ‘politeness’ rooted in middle-class reactions to the violent upheavals of the 1790s. Here, I argue a range of new public spaces emerged to ‘moralise’ the masses, anticipating state legislation by decades. In chapters on the spread of time-keeping technology and the reform of market spaces, the thesis argues effective authority inhered as much in clocks and weights as ‘at the point of a bayonet’. The corresponding rise of the ‘private sphere’, materialising the ideology of ‘separate spheres’ in the city’s first suburbs, provided an alternative pole of moral reform. Here, the invisible agency of pipes and sewers helped to privatize the burden of ‘healthy living’, severing the link between poverty and disease long before ‘Famine fever’ ravaged the city. And when it hit, John Stuart Mill was not alone in dreaming of a ‘tabula rasa’; the ‘Father of Temperance’ Theobald Mathew and his allies expressed precisely this view, ‘feminizing’ the catastrophe as a moment to ‘cleanse’ the city of morally ‘diseased’ prostitutes. Free from such ‘contamination’, new spaces devoted to recreation – parks, theatres, and racecourses – were engineered as arenas ‘free’ from state oversight, with citizens instead positioned to survey one another. The thesis concludes with a call to reinterpret resistance to the state in terms of the ‘rule of freedom’ as much as that of force. The seven chapters and conclusion of the thesis are divided into three parts: ‘The Polite City’, ‘The Purified City’ and ‘The Liberal City’. These overarching themes provide a framework to the chronological and thematic development of the thesis as a whole. The first three chapters explore the rising ethos of ‘politeness’ as an ‘improving’ ideology which sought to engineer certain forms of conduct – domestic, social, and commercial – into the fabric of everyday urban life. Crucial to this was the notion of non-coercive governance aimed at securing ‘the right disposition of things, arranged ... to a convenient end’. ‘The Purified City’ explores ways in which the Famine helped to ‘naturalise’ the alienation of certain classes of deviant from the ‘social body’ of the urban community. ‘The Liberal City’ looks at how mid-Victorian city also invited the consent of the governed by creating spaces where citizenship could be performed in acts of leisure and recreation. It was in this sense that fin de siècle cultural nationalists saw the greatest threat to a revival of Irish popular culture as arising not from police stations or military barracks, but from the respectable world of suburban ‘politeness’.

This thesis investigates how political or religious leaders have an impact on several socio-economic outcomes in two different countries, the United States and Italy. In the first empirical chapter I analyse how the race of a politician can have an impact on the incidence of crime. I answer this question by focusing on large US cities, where active participation in the political life of the African-American candidates has undergone a strong upsurge since 1965. In order to deal with the endogeneity of black candidates to city characteristics, a regression discontinuity is used, exploiting the multi-racial elections decided by a narrow margin of victory. The results show that the number of motor vehicles stolen increases considerably the year after the election of an African-American candidate. I investigate, as a possible channel of influence, how police employment responds to the election of a black mayor, finding a negative effect the year after the electoral race. The second empirical chapter studies how electoral outcomes can shape individuals' migration decisions. Using the Italian mayoral elections data from 2001 to 2014, I study how foreign citizens' internal migration with a regular residency permit in North Italy can be affected by the election of a mayor affiliated to the Northern League (Lega Nord) party, a far-right political movement characterised by a strong federalist, populist and anti-immigration ideology. To deal with the endogeneity of the Northern League to city characteristics, a sharp regression discontinuity is used. Overall the results show that a mayor affiliated to the Northern League party causes an increase in the foreign out-migration rate one year after the election. The third empirical chapter investigates the impact of papal visits to Italian provinces on abortions and live births from 1979 to 2012. Using an event study methodology, we find a strong decrease in the number of abortions following papal visits. This effect commences at about the 3rd month and persists until about the 11th month after the visits. However, we find no significant change in the number of live births. We argue that a fall in the incidence of unplanned pregnancies best explains our results. This fall appears to be concentrated among married women, a demographic that shows the biggest jump in religiosity when the pope visits.

Authority control provided by Digital Commons is basic. Other than author names, Digital Commons does not provide much in the way of authority control for other fields, such as faculty advisor/mentor names or department names. Standardizing name fields has several benefits, not least of which is the increased precision of reports that institutions can create to highlight the impact of faculty mentorship activities as well as the scholarship output of departmental entities on campus. Institutions that want to ensure the consistency of names across submissions to their Digital Commons repository, especially for self-submitted submissions, must develop their own methods for maintaining authority control. The presenter, a librarian wearing many hats in her position at Eastern Kentucky University Libraries, will talk about strategies she has developed for streamlining authority control work in EKU Libraries’ Digital Commons repository, Encompass Digital Archive.

This study examined the relationship between attitudes toward authority, identification with authority and conformity in relation to authority in American undergraduate college students. The study consisted of two parts. The first part examined correlates of attitudes toward authority according to social class. Undergraduate college students attending Portland State University canprised the samples in which two groups, a middle-class group and a working-class group of equal sizes (n=63), were formed. A relatively new, standardized measure of attitudes toward institutional authority, the GAIAS (Rigby, 1982), was used to measure orientation toward authority by social class. No significant differences in attitudes toward authority emerged for the two social class groups. A significant preference was shown 2 by middle-class students for self-employment over an organizational setting, while working-class students showed a preference for employment within an organizational setting. The second part of the study used a single subject sample (n=100), and compared responses of American college students on the GAIAS with those of English and Australian college students in the Rigby (1984) study. American college students were more pro-authority than Australian college students but not more pro-authority than English college students. In terms of political party affiliation and attitudes toward authority, American college student Democrats were more pro-authority than either the Australian or English Labour Party supporters. There were no significant differences between the U.S., Australian and English samples in attitudes toward authority for conservative political party supporters.

Thesis (Ph.D)--Stanford University, 2000. / Title from pdf t.p. (viewed April 3, 2002). "August 2000." "Adminitrivia V1/Prg/20000831"--Metadata.

Thesis (M. P. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

My project is founded on an inter-genre, comparative approach between Chaucers <i>Franklins Tale</i> from the Canterbury collection, and Jean Froissarts <i>Chroniques</i>, the innovative and epic account of French history in the thirteenth century. I have adopted a method of thematic comparison between the two in an effort to illuminate parallels of example and authorial intent in the works of these almost exactly contemporaneous authors. My thesis therefore becomes a selective examination of the ethical functions of their literature.<p>Twentieth century scholarship focusing on the similarities between Geoffrey Chaucer and Jean Froissart has left little doubt that the two shared numerous sources and analogues in selections of their poetry, were at least aware of each other personally, and were born into similar social backgrounds. What remains to be done, and what has received little critical attention in the decades since serious work began on the similarities between them, is a study of the ideological values that Chaucer and Froissart shared specifically evidenced in their writing. The ideas they wanted to promote, the contemporary moral and social debates they engaged in, are equally as fascinating as the similarities in their love poetry. I intend to go beyond the biographical and source study that has dominated discussion on Chaucer and Froissart and embark on a project of tracing thematic parallels in two of their works, specifically focusing on the issue that I find most obvious between them: the desire to create and record literary discussions of ethical behaviour.

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My project is founded on an inter-genre, comparative approach between Chaucers <i>Franklins Tale</i> from the Canterbury collection, and Jean Froissarts <i>Chroniques</i>, the innovative and epic account of French history in the thirteenth century. I have adopted a method of thematic comparison between the two in an effort to illuminate parallels of example and authorial intent in the works of these almost exactly contemporaneous authors. My thesis therefore becomes a selective examination of the ethical functions of their literature.<p>Twentieth century scholarship focusing on the similarities between Geoffrey Chaucer and Jean Froissart has left little doubt that the two shared numerous sources and analogues in selections of their poetry, were at least aware of each other personally, and were born into similar social backgrounds. What remains to be done, and what has received little critical attention in the decades since serious work began on the similarities between them, is a study of the ideological values that Chaucer and Froissart shared specifically evidenced in their writing. The ideas they wanted to promote, the contemporary moral and social debates they engaged in, are equally as fascinating as the similarities in their love poetry. I intend to go beyond the biographical and source study that has dominated discussion on Chaucer and Froissart and embark on a project of tracing thematic parallels in two of their works, specifically focusing on the issue that I find most obvious between them: the desire to create and record literary discussions of ethical behaviour.

The Kaohsiung Harbor Bureau is undergoing a organizational change process to change its status to that of a Special Authority. This organizational change will have a significant impact upon the professional jobs and rights of Bureau employees. The current Bureau administration is able to control neither the progress nor the practical results of this organizational change initiative. This research treats personal variables and organizational climate as independent variables, organizational commitment and job satisfaction as dependent variables, and opinions regarding organizational cha nge as the moderator variable. The study aims to investigate the effect of organizational climate during times of organizational change on staff commitment to the organization and on job satisfaction levels among staff. The population targeted by this research project were the employees currently working for the Kaohsiung Harbor Bureau. One fifth of them was included in the samples which was randomly selected. They were asked to fill out a questionnaire form. Questionnaire data was then analyzed using a variety of methods, including factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, regression, and staged multiple regression analysis. The researcher investigates the followings: (1) to identify significant differences between groups of individuals with differing personal variables existed in terms of organizational commitment and job satisfaction; (2) to assess the effect and predictive power of personal variables and organizational climate on dependent variables; and (3) to examine whether interaction between the variables of "attitude toward Special Authority organizational change " and "organizational climate" significantly impacted upon any of the dependent variables. Research results indicated the following: 1) Within personal variable categories, significant variations in the level of organizational commitment exist between employees of different staffing categories. 2) Within personal variable categories, significant variations in the level of job satisfaction exist between education levels and staffing categories. 3) Within personal variable categories, marital status and department to which an employee belonged showed significant positive impacts upon the level of job satisfaction. 4) Within organizational climate variables, degree of management empathy, interpersonal relationships, and respect for subordinate staff showed significant positive impacts upon organizational commitment and job satisfaction. 5) Within organizational climate variables, the degree of management empathy and attitude toward organizational change were positively related to job satisfaction levels. Respect for subordinate staff and attitude toward organizational change were inversely related to job satisfaction levels. The research suggests four courses of action based on the above-mentioned findings: (1) to demarcate a clear system of duties and authorities to motivate staff effectively; (2) to step up second-specialty training for staff to reduce employees' worries regarding organizational change; (3) to maintain a continuous effort to create a positive organizational climate; and (4) to respect initiatives by subordinate staff to create "win-win" conditions.