中共以黨領政，強調共產黨領導，中國共產黨的領導地位，具體表現為它對國家各方面事務的政治領導、組織領導和思想領導。政治領導是指黨對國家法制和國家發展的路線、方針和政策的領導，即以馬克斯主義為指導，根據國家的歷史和現實特點，制訂正確的路線、政策、方針以及對國家立法進行思想指導，並以此來領導國家的社會主義現代化建設以及各方面的工作。很多人會認為中共中央的決策機制是在政治局或政治局常委的會議裡完成，但是在實際運作上，由於讓政治局常委在重大決策上拍版定案前必須事先具備一些政策細節的評估與分析，加上要交付國務院相關單位執行之前也要有具權威的決策本質，因此一個類似具有「黨政協調」或是「黨政運作」的機制就因應產生。1958年5月中共的八大二次會議，決定中央成立財經、政法、外事、科學、文教五個小組，各有專人負責，此為中共中央工作領導小組的開始本文欲探討的目的有二，分別為中共中央工作領導小組在中共黨對政府及對黨內領導而言的組織定位與扮演角色之變化，其敘述如下：一、瞭解中共中央工作領導小組在不同階段所扮演的角色與發揮的功能；二、探討中共中央工作領導小組對黨內領導而言，其扮演的角色及功能有所變化，亦即研究是否相較於毛澤東時代，中央工作領導小組在十一屆三中全會之後，其協調功能與輔助決策的功能增強，而幕僚功能也隨之加強。換言之，即研究是否其制度化程度提高，對領導小組本身而言，其功能也跟著加強。因此本文所欲探討的另一重點為中央領導小組在組織運作上的差異。是否領導小組的角色功能從在毛澤東時代的為了強化中央領導而設立的領導小組，其小組功能從最初的深有毛個人色彩的為了掌控黨對政府行政的控制能力所成立的監督機構，轉為輔助政府決策的黨政協調機制。 / The full name of CLSG is Central Leading Small Group, which is considered as the internal decision-making organs. Its main duties is to propose policies and give suggestions to the Standing Committee of Political Bureau, which used to be the final decision maker. In the political structure of china, a CLSG, is a committee composed ofmembers of the Communist Party of China which coordinates party activities within an agency of the People’s Republic of China government. As the Constitution of China stipulates, it is the fundamental principle of the Communist Party of China to lead the whole society by controlling the administrative organs by means of organization, personnel, etc. The Party has established many institutions called “the corresponding departments between the Party and the government”, which intervene directly with the administrative activities of the country. This thesis is research in definition and status in the Chinese Communist Party, especially in historical change. CLSG has become increasingly import within the PRC after the 1990s, especially in the field of foreign policy where the CLSG has become a tool for coordinating the work several agencies as well as insuring party supervision over government activities and much more institutionalized and less focused on personalistic factions.