(in English) The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta is the oldest and most important knightly order of the Catholic Church. Its origins are connected with the crusades to the Holy Land and it came to the Bohemian territory in the second half of the 12th century. Until the break-up of the Austro-Hungarian Empire it enjoyed an exceptional position, but after the creation of the so-called first Czechoslovak Republic its position was greatly weakened. The new state, primarily a part of its political elites, was not inclined to the Catholic Church, and for a number of contemporaries represented this traditional and aristocratic order a relic of an old monarchy. The difficult political and social position of the order was accompanied by economic difficulties caused, inter alia, by land reform, which had a significant negative effect on the order's land property. The aim of this diploma thesis is to describe the operation of the order at this time with a focus on its economic activities. Key words Order of Malta, Grand Priory of Bohemia, Economic activity, First Czechoslovak Republic, Land reform

This paper focuses on the discussion concerning legalization of the right to abortion on demand during The First Czechoslovak Republic. It uses the approach to discourse of Norman Fairclough and analyzes the discoursive types that were present in the discussion, with giving special attention to the communist discourse. Heterogenity of the communist discourse is revealed as well as the considerable change which took place after banning of abortions in Soviet Union in 1936. The analysis specially focuses on the role of arguments about individual human rights, specifically the right to make decisions about one's own body. It concerns further with the approach to the developing human life as well as women's sexuality and the role of women in the reproduction of the nation. Key words: abortion, communist discourse, Rozsévačka, The First Czechoslovak Republic

This thesis examines the image of the journalist that is based on a particular text corpus - on articles collected in newspaper clipping archive of Czechoslovak Ministry of Foreign Affairs during the period of "the first Czechoslovak republic." The method of this paper is inspired by Stanley Fish's concept of interpretive communities - in this case the interpretive community consists of the authors of the articles mentioned above. As they design the image of their own profession, it becomes a tool for understanding journalist's identity - it defines what is appropriate and what is not. The self-portrait of journalist does not only include a paragon of virtue that is to be followed but also a set of attributes, which journalists find typical for themselves: interestingly the main attributes do not seem to change much over time and in different newspapers. Therefore, the thesis focuses on common and shared traits of this self-portrait, illustrated by particular examples from the articles. The most important traits are for instance the consciousness of journalist's power and need for responsibility, but also journalist's attitude to truth, independence, time and society. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The aim of this diploma thesis is to expound the reality of the first Czechoslovak Republic through the foreign point of view, more precisely through the Vatican daily newspaper L´Osservatore Romano. Since the reality is immensely complex, individual chapters deal with topics of overall political development´s reflection, the personality of the first Czechoslovak president Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and the situation of Catholic Church in the country from the perspective of Vatican press. Due to the influence of reporters´ Catholic orientation, the author used other journals and documents to achieve higher levels of the opinion plurality in the particular questions. For this purpose, he worked in his thesis with other Czech and Italian newspapers, pastoral letters which were written by Czechoslovak bishops, memories of contemporary events´ actors or different interviews and speeches of important political figures at the time. In the analysis, there is an attempt to answer the question of how the Holy See´s official periodical informed of the events in interwar Czechoslovakia.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to scrutinize the story of life of Eleonora Mendlova, the wife of Bedrich Mendl, the first professor of economic history at Charles University. The thesis enables the reader to give a closer look at the Mendl family who, undoubtedly, belongs to the cultural elites of the Czechoslovakia. With the analysis of the extant sources, it is providing a thorough image of the life of Eleonora Mendlova and her family at the background of the dramatic events of the last century. Eleonora Mendlova, born Mrackova, started her study career at the private comprehensive school Minerva and then she continued with her study at the Faculty of Philosophy at the Charles University which she did not finish. She got married to Bedrich Mendl who worked for the National Regional Institute. His work required visiting various Czech and European archives. Thanks to the travels, we can follow the story of life of a woman in the shade of a big man during the unsettled political situation. The life of Eleonora Mendl was marked considerably by the both World Wars, especially by the death of her husband during the period the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia because of his Jewish origin. She spent her old age living with her three children. She participated greatly on the publication of the...

This thesis deals with the relation between the agrarian politician Antonín Švehla and a catholic party in the period of the first Czechoslovak Republic. This work is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is The Introduction including the aim of this work and the most important sources used by creating this work. The second chapter is structured in five other subheads and is called The Personality of Antonín Švehla. There is presented the life of this important agrarian, his political influence, the characterization of all three governments, in which he was the prime minister and his party's victory in parliamentary elections in 1925. The third chapter called Antonín Švehla's relation to catholicism is divided in four subheads. The core of this chapter is to analyse Švehla's views on religion, his relation to political catholicism, to catholic personalities and to Šrámek's Czechoslovak People's Party. The last chapter is The Conclusion which summarizes the main contribution of the thesis.

This diploma thesis attends to activities of the District Court in Hradec Králové in the period 1918 - 1938 with the incorporation in the context of the overall development of the judicial organization in the Czech lands and also historical evolution of the Hradec Králové region. The opening part deals with the First Republic's judiciary and legislature, as formed from the 19th century. After that follows an overview of organizational development judicial administration in the Czech lands in the era 1848 - 1938 and section devoted to history of the Hradec Králové region. The second part of this thesis is concretely aimed at scope of the District Court in Hradec Králové in the interwar period, in the process of the action in court, in the structure of the court, domains and distribution of judicial work with an analysis of the model cases. Keywords: district court, judicial administration, Hradec Králové, regional history, legislation, judicial ordering, common plea, surrogate court, penal offence, the First Czechoslovak Republic

This thesis analyzes the First Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1938) in terms of coalition behavior. It describes all aspects related to this phenomenon using the analytic and descriptive method. The work starts with the introduction to the coalition theory, including the typology of coalition governments and other theoretical aspects related to the coalition formation. Defining coalition factors in the First Republic are analyzed together with the description of the historical context, while stressing the national issues that largely affected creation of governments. The relation between the legislative and the executive power, the electoral system and the party system with the list of relevant parties are presented as other key factors related directly or indirectly to the coalition behavior. Political parties had decisive influence, that's why the group of their leaders called "The Five" was able to fade the importance of the parliament and the government during a certain period. On the other hand, there was also a great popularity and authority of T. G. Masaryk, the first Czechoslovak president. The main part of this thesis deals with the actual coalition behavior in years 1918-1938 and analyzes coalition formulas. The work describes the governments during the First Republic, their specifics, stability, and...

This thesis deals with the representations of sexual violence in public space of the interwar Czechoslovakia. Developing the conceptual framework of the Critical Discourse Analysis, it particularly concentrates on newspapes and periodic journals.. The thesis shows how complex and heterogeneous was the discourse of sexual violence, since itwas connected to many periodʼs imageries. Most of the interwar Czechoslovak newspaper were owned by political parties which caused different representation of sexual violence based on their political background. Special attention is also paid to representation of offenders and victims of sexual violence. Key words: sexual violence, representation, The First Czechoslovak Republic, czech periodic press

The submitted diploma thesis is engaged in working of the film industry in Czechoslovakia in period among two world wars, which is seen through the important actor, scriptwriter, director and film entrepreneur Karel Lamač. The issue is researched especially from the perspective of formation and activity of the film companies which were professional associated with the person of Lamač. It is followed up the family background which he came from, and the milieu where he worked the First World War. It further focuses on Lamač's first steps in the field of cinematography after 1918 and on his working at the time of the First Czechoslovak Republic. It is also reflected Lamač's activity as an inventor and a journalistic author, as well as related financial profit from the subsequent sale of patents or licences to the created movies. The thesis tries to clear up the mechanisms that led to exceptional position of this artist in the Czechoslovak film industry, with regard to his professional outreach to the international sphere. The study also devotes to Lamač's most significant projects and co-workers in the field of cinematography in order to refer the extent to which he contributed to the popularity of contemporary film-stars. The treatise of the most important life divides of creator after his final...