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This paper reviews the published literature on the role of pharmacoeconomics for the pharmaceutical industry. Pharmacoeconomics is analysed as a part of decision processes at several stages of drug development and drug marketing. The review is focused on the practices of the application of pharmacoeconomics in various countries in Europe. In particular, the drivers for the development of pharmacoeconomics within the pharmaceutical companies are described. Investments made by companies with respect to the pharmacoeconomic function in terms of personnel and budgets are derived. / Results of literature analysis show, that much is published about the rationale for pharmacoeconomics, and the strength and weakness of different methods used. However there is limited published about the strategic component of pharmacoeconomics from the view of the pharmaceutical industry in Europe and the conclusions drawn from the external influence on pricing and reimbursement on investment and resource allocation into the pharmacoeconomic function. In spite of these restrictions it can be concluded, that the published data show an increasing importance of the pharmacoeconomic function in the pharmaceutical companies in Europe. / Faced with the enormous increase of publications of pharmacoeconomic studies in the last years there is little doubt, that these evaluations are mainly sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry although exact figures are not available. Around 19% of the companies outsourced at least 75% of their budget for pharmacoeconomic evaluations. The pharmacoeconomic staff level tended to increase substantially with company size although the amount of budget is still quite small. About 1% of pharmaceutical research and development was spent for the pharmacoeconomic function. It can be expected that within Europe the pharmacoeconomic function will continue to grow importance in the pharmaceutical industry in the next years. / Thesis (PhDBusinessAdministration)--University of South Australia, 2003.

Thesis (M. P. H.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Western Hemisphere))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2008. / Thesis Advisor(s): Giraldo, Jeanne ; Berger, Marcos. "June 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on August 27, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-72). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1961. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--New York University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 337-380).

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007.

The main purpose of the research was to examine the process of lobbying in the context of the pharmaceutical industry. It sought to explore "why" and "how" multinational companies carried out pharmaceutical lobbying in Argentina. The study aimed to build valid substantive theory that could be used to analyse pharmaceutical lobbying from different perspectives and used corporatism and pluralism to explain the relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and government. The application of interest groups formation theory permitted the identification of the pharmaceutical industry as an interest group and the identification of its lobbying style. Lobbying theories based on contribution payments and transmission of information were explored in order to understand the use of these policies in the process of pharmaceutical lobbying. The review of literature on American pharmaceutical lobbying helped in understanding the peculiar instruments and practices present in pharmaceutical lobbying and gave the reader an understanding of the characteristics of this market. The research took a phenomenological methodological approach and the research paradigm was post-positivist and constructivist. The researcher followed the grounded theory methodology approach of Strauss and Corbin. The researcher collected data through in-depth semi-structured interviews and participant observation of in-house and external pharmaceutical lobbyists as well as officials. The study made several contributions. Firstly, it positioned the pharmaceutical industry as an interest group in the pluralism-corporatism axis as a means to provide a framework for the understanding of its lobbying activities. Secondly, the study defined the lobbying style of the pharmaceutical industry in Argentina compared to lobbying performed in the USA and the EU. Thirdly, it provided a pharmaceutical industry basic lobbying model for Argentina that can be tested in other countries. Finally, it provided a model of cooperative or individual lobbying that stated when it was convenient to build coalitions.

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No description available.