Orientador: Luiz Gonzaga Marchezan / Banca: Enivalda Nunes e Freitas / Banca: Fábio Rigatto de S. Andrade / Banca: Maria de Lourdes Ortiz Gandini / Banca: Arnaldo Cortina / Resumo: Este trabalho é uma visada interpretativa sobre o romance Lavoura arcaica, do escritor paulista Raduan Nassar, uma leitura que parte de conceitos centrais desenvolvidos pelo chamado Círculo de Bakhtin, como dialogismo, gêneros discursivos, cronotopo e polifonia, para pensar a tessitura verbal do romance em toda a sua complexidade. Nossa hipótese é que vigas/vozes mestras da arquitetônica do romance ressoam dialogicamente a poesia do Cântico dos Cânticos - jardim metafórico que exala erotismo no coração das Escrituras - e a sintaxe enrijecida da lei (em)pregada nos Provérbios. Os discursos bíblicos, das tradições mediterrâneas, que foram paulatinamente edulcorados, submetidos aos posicionamentos ideológicos dos mais velhos, transformados em tábua de lei, tornam-se, em Lavoura arcaica, palco de luta. A apropriação que os personagens tentam fazer dessas palavras "para seu uso próprio" faz surgir entre eles relações dialógicas. A palavra passa a ter dupla orientação - uma direcionada para o objeto do discurso (um tema, uma ordem, um mandamento), outra para o discurso do outro; os tensos diálogos entre Pedro e André e deste com seu pai bem o confirmam. Reafirmamos que queremos investigar em profundidade como esse tensionamento se faz projetar em todas as camadas do discurso (lexical, sintática, sonora, imagética), visto que em Lavoura arcaica os discursos interpenetram-se, chocam-se, fundemse, polemizam entre si, criando por vezes a imagem de um remoinho, que é a vertigem mesma do sujeito-narrador (André) - seu purgatório em vida. A progressão de nossa análise revelou que a própria literatura sapiencial bíblica sofre uma espécie de crise na voz dos redatores de livros como Jó e Qohélet, colocando em xeque a teoria da retribuição preconizada em Provérbios e nos discursos de Iohána, o que permitiu uma reflexão, que fecha a análise, sobre a forma... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This work aims at interpreting the novel Lavoura arcaica , written by the Paulista author Raduan Nassar and is a project which makes use of key concepts such as Dialogism, Discourse genres, Chronotype and Polyphony developed by what is known as the Bakhtin Circle to consider the verbal texture of the novel in all its complexity. Our hypothesis is that master beams/voices of the architeture of the romance drum dialogically the poetry of The Song of Songs - metaphoric garden that reeks erotism in the center of the scriptures - and the hardened syntax of the law used in The Book of Proverbs. The Biblical discourses, of the Mediterranean traditions, which were gradually sweetened, submitted to the ideological positioning of the elderly ones, transforming into a table of the law, making Lavoura arcaica a stage of battles. The ownership that characters attempt to make of these words "for their own use" elicits dialogical relations between them. The word becomes doubly oriented - oriented to the object of the discourse (a theme, an order, a commandment), and also oriented to the discourse of others; the conflicted dialogs between Pedro and André and from this one with his father attests it. We ratify that we want to deeply investigate how this tensioning is projected in all the layers of the discourse (lexical, synthatic, sonorous, imagetic), once that in Lavoura arcaica different discourses interpenetrate, conflict, polemize and merge with each other, criating several times the image of a swirling pinwheel, which is the same disorder of the narrator-subject (André) - his purgatory in life. The progress of our analysis revealed that the Biblical sapiential literature itself suffers from a kind of crisis in the voice of the editors of the books like Job and Qohélet, jeopardizing the theory of retribution preconized in The Book of Proverbs and in the discourses of Iohána... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-05-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:22:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 mota_bc_dr_arafcl.pdf: 934513 bytes, checksum: 51ff35d337dde59990adb13292a30b27 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho é uma visada interpretativa sobre o romance Lavoura arcaica, do escritor paulista Raduan Nassar, uma leitura que parte de conceitos centrais desenvolvidos pelo chamado Círculo de Bakhtin, como dialogismo, gêneros discursivos, cronotopo e polifonia, para pensar a tessitura verbal do romance em toda a sua complexidade. Nossa hipótese é que vigas/vozes mestras da arquitetônica do romance ressoam dialogicamente a poesia do Cântico dos Cânticos – jardim metafórico que exala erotismo no coração das Escrituras – e a sintaxe enrijecida da lei (em)pregada nos Provérbios. Os discursos bíblicos, das tradições mediterrâneas, que foram paulatinamente edulcorados, submetidos aos posicionamentos ideológicos dos mais velhos, transformados em tábua de lei, tornam-se, em Lavoura arcaica, palco de luta. A apropriação que os personagens tentam fazer dessas palavras “para seu uso próprio” faz surgir entre eles relações dialógicas. A palavra passa a ter dupla orientação – uma direcionada para o objeto do discurso (um tema, uma ordem, um mandamento), outra para o discurso do outro; os tensos diálogos entre Pedro e André e deste com seu pai bem o confirmam. Reafirmamos que queremos investigar em profundidade como esse tensionamento se faz projetar em todas as camadas do discurso (lexical, sintática, sonora, imagética), visto que em Lavoura arcaica os discursos interpenetram-se, chocam-se, fundemse, polemizam entre si, criando por vezes a imagem de um remoinho, que é a vertigem mesma do sujeito-narrador (André) – seu purgatório em vida. A progressão de nossa análise revelou que a própria literatura sapiencial bíblica sofre uma espécie de crise na voz dos redatores de livros como Jó e Qohélet, colocando em xeque a teoria da retribuição preconizada em Provérbios e nos discursos de Iohána, o que permitiu uma reflexão, que fecha a análise, sobre a forma... / This work aims at interpreting the novel Lavoura arcaica , written by the Paulista author Raduan Nassar and is a project which makes use of key concepts such as Dialogism, Discourse genres, Chronotype and Polyphony developed by what is known as the Bakhtin Circle to consider the verbal texture of the novel in all its complexity. Our hypothesis is that master beams/voices of the architeture of the romance drum dialogically the poetry of The Song of Songs – metaphoric garden that reeks erotism in the center of the scriptures – and the hardened syntax of the law used in The Book of Proverbs. The Biblical discourses, of the Mediterranean traditions, which were gradually sweetened, submitted to the ideological positioning of the elderly ones, transforming into a table of the law, making Lavoura arcaica a stage of battles. The ownership that characters attempt to make of these words “for their own use” elicits dialogical relations between them. The word becomes doubly oriented – oriented to the object of the discourse (a theme, an order, a commandment), and also oriented to the discourse of others; the conflicted dialogs between Pedro and André and from this one with his father attests it. We ratify that we want to deeply investigate how this tensioning is projected in all the layers of the discourse (lexical, synthatic, sonorous, imagetic), once that in Lavoura arcaica different discourses interpenetrate, conflict, polemize and merge with each other, criating several times the image of a swirling pinwheel, which is the same disorder of the narrator-subject (André) – his purgatory in life. The progress of our analysis revealed that the Biblical sapiential literature itself suffers from a kind of crisis in the voice of the editors of the books like Job and Qohélet, jeopardizing the theory of retribution preconized in The Book of Proverbs and in the discourses of Iohána... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

An African Perspective on Poverty Proverbs in the Book of Proverbs: An Analysis for Transformational Possibilities. This thesis contributes to the emerging global scholarly discussion on prioritising the practical relevance of biblical interpretation, particularly in Africa. Taking poverty as a case study, this thesis employs the notion of the popular social origin of proverbs to critically analyse the subject in the Book of Proverbs. A social anthropological approach, historical-critical methods, rhetorical criticism and contextual exegesis are used to analyse proverbs regarding the poor in the Book of Proverbs and African proverbial material. On one hand, the investigation reveals that many Western scholars take their cue from the `official' social context of the Book of Proverbs. However, the impact of an unconscious subjectivity owing to the Western secularising influence on their studies into poverty has posited a conservative status quo in the way the Book of Proverbs addresses it. On the other hand, an investigation of similar traditional African proverbial material on the poor reveals a holistic transformative possibility. Its life-centred dynamism is located in an integrative worldview that comprises mutual assistance, collective responsibility, family, community, social, political, religious and economic networks as one whole. Because cultural parallels exist between the society of ancient Israel and traditional African societies, the thesis argues the use of the African proverbial performance context in the interpretation of proverbs concerning the poor in the Book of Proverbs. The result of such cross-cultural application highlights the possible transformative social, economic, political and religious supportive networks essential to a viable and sustainable holistic development of society. Consequently, such a holistic approach to poverty may enable Bible readers to make meaning and empower the will of African Christians to rise practically to the challenge of poverty eradication in all spheres of their lives. A caution also to the universal church is to be found in the fact that the Book of Proverbs made an essential contribution to the transformation of the social, economic, political and religious life of Israel. Approaching the Book of Proverbs in terms of a popular context is a fact that can no longer be simply ignored. / Old Testament and Ancient Near Eastern Studies / D.Th.

An African Perspective on Poverty Proverbs in the Book of Proverbs: An Analysis for Transformational Possibilities. This thesis contributes to the emerging global scholarly discussion on prioritising the practical relevance of biblical interpretation, particularly in Africa. Taking poverty as a case study, this thesis employs the notion of the popular social origin of proverbs to critically analyse the subject in the Book of Proverbs. A social anthropological approach, historical-critical methods, rhetorical criticism and contextual exegesis are used to analyse proverbs regarding the poor in the Book of Proverbs and African proverbial material. On one hand, the investigation reveals that many Western scholars take their cue from the `official' social context of the Book of Proverbs. However, the impact of an unconscious subjectivity owing to the Western secularising influence on their studies into poverty has posited a conservative status quo in the way the Book of Proverbs addresses it. On the other hand, an investigation of similar traditional African proverbial material on the poor reveals a holistic transformative possibility. Its life-centred dynamism is located in an integrative worldview that comprises mutual assistance, collective responsibility, family, community, social, political, religious and economic networks as one whole. Because cultural parallels exist between the society of ancient Israel and traditional African societies, the thesis argues the use of the African proverbial performance context in the interpretation of proverbs concerning the poor in the Book of Proverbs. The result of such cross-cultural application highlights the possible transformative social, economic, political and religious supportive networks essential to a viable and sustainable holistic development of society. Consequently, such a holistic approach to poverty may enable Bible readers to make meaning and empower the will of African Christians to rise practically to the challenge of poverty eradication in all spheres of their lives. A caution also to the universal church is to be found in the fact that the Book of Proverbs made an essential contribution to the transformation of the social, economic, political and religious life of Israel. Approaching the Book of Proverbs in terms of a popular context is a fact that can no longer be simply ignored. / Old Testament and Ancient Near Eastern Studies / D.Th.