No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

The research study examines the implementation of National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) within small and medium enterprises. NVQs have been in existence for ten years yet they continue to receive criticism from academic circles and implementation by employers has been slow. The small residential care sector was selected because it has many characteristics in common with small businesses in general: the sector has grown because of recent care legislation; it is dependent on larger local authorities for client referrals; it employs mainly women on a part-time basis; and it lacks a traditional training pathway for unqualified staff. Using a qualitative, case study approach, seven workplaces were visited over the period of a year. Candidates, assessors and managers were interviewed regularly to assess their feelings and progress and to determine the factors which affected their experiences of NVQ implementation. Four main areas were explored using a theme analysis framework - progress, progression, standardisation and financial issues. The findings indicated that implementation in small workplaces was problematic for all involved. Unless a training culture was already in existence, insufficient resources were provided to support and facilitate progress both physically and emotionally. Consequently, assessors and candidates involved with NVQs were quite negative about their experiences which reduced the value placed on the qualification by the participants and their managers. Despite being a 'national' qualification, the growing deregulation in both care and training has resulted in market place competition which has had consequences for the standardisation and costs of training programmes. The voluntaristic nature of employer investment in training, and the lack of care legislation to make training an obligatory aspect of home registration, has resulted in a low uptake of NVQs in small businesses because of the costs involved in assessment time.

Abstract The first clause of the first chapter in law of vocational training stipulates that the implementation of vocational training aims in particular to cultivate the manpower of country-building skills, to enhance job skill, and promote people¡¦s work. Hence, the goal of vocational training lies mainly in facilitating people¡¦s work. The problem of being unemployed results from the transition of the industrial structure and the job market; therefore, the short-term training of HVAChas been opened with a view to helping the jobless learn the skill for earning a living as soon as possible, and promoting more chances of work for the jobless return to the job market as early as possible. This study includes the applied area on the market of HVAC, the vocational training program of short-term training, the contents of training courses and skill tests. By means of the analysis of applied area on HVAC, the questionnaire of related staff, the results of interview and survey, it has confirmed that the theory of supply and demand of economics, and has also proved that the short-term training of HVAC for the jobless can meet the demands of job market HVAC. For the jobless who are able to learn the skill to work, the short-term vocational training of HVAC, increasing the chances of work, is really worth affirmation.

Abstract Since 2008, the overall unemployment rate has been rising sharply, and the overall unemployment and economic problems have gradually emerged. The unemployment rate in areas of Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County, and Pingtung County is higher than the standard of the whole Taiwan area, and the industrial development in areas of Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County, and Pingtung County starts to change. Under this circumstance, enterprises and unemployed persons attach more importance to Taiwan government's vocational training policies. Vocational training has always been the government's main long-term human resources policy. Therefore, this study is trying to discuss how to cultivate the manpower needed by enterprises and promote unemployed persons to re-enter the job market through vocational training, promote the overall social stability and activate economy, and probe into the pre-service training items for public vocational training in order to attain the goals and purposes of vocational training. Employment security is one of the major policies of Taiwan government, and vocational training and employment services are the greatest demands for people toward employment security. Although the policy goals of vocational training are quite clear, the actual practice still leaves room for improvement. The contents of this study include: analysis of difficulties encountered by people in areas of Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County, and Pingtung County; planning for vocational training courses administered by the government; and direction of enterprises¡¦ demand for talents. This study clarifies the demands of the existing enterprises and people for professional vocational training from the angle of the needs of enterprises, market and unemployed persons, as well as supply differences, and further submits concrete suggestions for improving employment ability and meeting the needs of enterprises for talents. From this study, it is found that there is a gap between enterprises¡¦ demand for manpower and the existing vocational training items. Consequently, the employment ability of the unemployed people can¡¦t be solved effectively. The main factor lies in the fact that the vocational training units fail to control complete and sufficient information about the job market. So, the vocational training units are suggested to understand the talent gap of enterprises first before they develop vocational training courses as the pre-service training projects for unemployed persons in the future, so as to create a win-win-win situation for enterprises, unemployed persons, and vocational training units. Keywords¡Gunemployment rate, vocational training

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

This thesis is concerned with the relationship between the education system and its critics - with the terms in which programmes of educational reform are viewed by critical intellectuals, and with the claims and limitations of a particular mode of 'principled' critique. It explores this concern in relation to a number of recent developments in Australian education policy, describing the debates that they have engendered and identifying the political ambiguities that attend them. Three case studies are developed. The first is drawn from reactions to the recent bureaucratic reorganisation of higher education, especially those responses concentrated on the defence of the humanities. The second concerns developments in post-compulsory education, especially the construction of the new national credentialling system based on the assessment of 'Key Competencies'. The third addresses the endemic problem of educational assessment and equity. While each of these case studies is discussed in its own right, the three areas of discussion supplement one another within an overall argument concerning the relationship between the education system and a particular mode of 'principledt critique. In exploring this relationship, the thesis puts the case that we require a more historically-informed understanding of current problems in Australian education and a more pragmatic appreciation of the achievements of the existing education system. The issues raised are timely ones. Matters of educational policy have become particularly pressing over the past decade, as Australian education has undergone significant changes. In recent years, we have seen the effects of the drive towards a national education system, of the reorganisation of higher education, of the development of schemes for national credentialling and of the reconstruction of links between schooling, training and industry. These reforms have been driven by some pressing imperatives: to produce a trained and flexible workforce; to monitor levels of literacy and numeracy at a national level; and to satisfy the 'unmet demand' for increased educational places, while managing a limited educational budget.