Messiaen studied many special compositional traits in his life. Modes of limited transpositions, rhythm, and birdsong are the most special and important. Catholicism is the first thought of Messiaen¡¦s works. The inspiration of Messiaen¡¦s creation, the structure of works, and the picture of music are all closed related to Catholicism. Vingt Regards sur L¡¦Enfant-Jesus is the only one piano solo work of Messiaen¡¦s religious works. This thesis mainly discuss the three principle themes¡XTheme de Dieu, Theme de L¡¦Etoile et de la Croix, and Theme D¡¦Accords¡X to realize the specific application that Messiaen use modes of limited transpositions, rhythm, birdsong, and Catholicism religious concept in his works. This thesis divided into two chapters. The first chapter presents briefly the life and the compositional traits of Messiaen. In second chapter, it discusses the development of the three themes, including modes, rhythm, shape of phrase, dynamic, and speed.