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The constitution of the subject and the resurrection of the object : a materialist critique of Althusserian and post-Althusserian theories of ideologyWatson, Ian, n/a January 1982 (has links)
This thesis has examined several of the most recent
advances in the theory of ideology. These have developed
in the wake of the seminal work of the French Marxist
philosopher, Louis Althusser. They have attempted to continue
the insights found in Althusser's attack on empiricist
epistemoloqy and in his theory of the formation of human
subjectivity.
The central argument of this thesis is that the theory
of ideology, in terms of the "constitution of the subject",
is a valuable breakthrough which allows the concept of
ideology to be extended beyond its traditional (class)
parameters. However, the anti-empiricist epistemology which
has removed the object (ie. the material referent) from the
theory of ideology, has been a regressive step since it has
rendered the whole enterprise idealist. The standpoint of:
this thesis is a materialist one which forcefully maintains
that the real world is directly implicated in the knowledge
produced by social practices. Therefore, the theory of
ideology must include a concept of representations of that
real world if it is to be fully materialist.
This thesis does not explicitly present a materialist
theory of ideology. Instead, it examines the theoretical
principles of these recent advances and shows how they
ultimately degenerate into idealism at crucial points. The
thesis then employs some of my empirical interview material
and proceeds to show that the concrete application of these
theoretical principles also leads to idealist research
practices. The thesis concludes by suggesting that there
is, nevertheless, something of value in these recent
advances which a materialist research practice can incorporate.
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Inventions and transformations : an exploration of mythification and remythification in four contemporary novelsSlabbert, Mathilda 28 February 2006 (has links)
The reading of four contemporary novels, namely: Credo by Melvyn Bragg, The Catastrophist by Ronan Bennett, Everything You Need by A.L. Kennedy and American Gods by Neil Gaiman explores the prominent position of mythification and remythification in contemporary literature. The discussion of Bragg's novel examines the significance of Celtic mythology and folklore and to what extent it influenced Christian mythology on the British Isles and vice versa. The presentation of the transition from a cyclical, pagan to a linear, Christian belief system is analysed. My analysis of Bennett's novel supports the observation that political myth as myth transformed contains elements and qualities embodied by sacred myths and investigates the relevance of Johan Degenaar's observation that "[p]ostmodernism emphasises the fact that myth is an ambiguous phenomenon" and practices an attitude of "eternal vigilance" (1995: 47), as is evident in the main protagonist's dispassionate stance. My reading of Kennedy's novel explores the bond that myth creates between the artist and the audience and argues that the writer as myth creator fulfils a restorative function through the mythical and symbolic qualities embedded in literature. Gaiman's novel American Gods focuses on the function of meta/multi-mythology in contemporary literature (especially the fantasy genre) and on what these qualities reveal about a society and its concerns and values. The thesis contemplates how in each case the original myths were substituted, modulated or transfigured to be presented as metamyth or myth transformed.
The analysis shows that myth can be used in various ways in literature: as the data or information that is recreated and transformed in the creative process to establish a common matrix of stories, symbols, images and motifs which represents a bond between the author and the reader in terms of the meaning-making process; to facilitate a spiritual enrichment in a demythologized world and for its restorative abilities. The study is confirmed by detailed mythical reference. / English Studies / (D. Litt. et Phil. (English))
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Inventions and transformations : an exploration of mythification and remythification in four contemporary novelsSlabbert, Mathilda 28 February 2006 (has links)
The reading of four contemporary novels, namely: Credo by Melvyn Bragg, The Catastrophist by Ronan Bennett, Everything You Need by A.L. Kennedy and American Gods by Neil Gaiman explores the prominent position of mythification and remythification in contemporary literature. The discussion of Bragg's novel examines the significance of Celtic mythology and folklore and to what extent it influenced Christian mythology on the British Isles and vice versa. The presentation of the transition from a cyclical, pagan to a linear, Christian belief system is analysed. My analysis of Bennett's novel supports the observation that political myth as myth transformed contains elements and qualities embodied by sacred myths and investigates the relevance of Johan Degenaar's observation that "[p]ostmodernism emphasises the fact that myth is an ambiguous phenomenon" and practices an attitude of "eternal vigilance" (1995: 47), as is evident in the main protagonist's dispassionate stance. My reading of Kennedy's novel explores the bond that myth creates between the artist and the audience and argues that the writer as myth creator fulfils a restorative function through the mythical and symbolic qualities embedded in literature. Gaiman's novel American Gods focuses on the function of meta/multi-mythology in contemporary literature (especially the fantasy genre) and on what these qualities reveal about a society and its concerns and values. The thesis contemplates how in each case the original myths were substituted, modulated or transfigured to be presented as metamyth or myth transformed.
The analysis shows that myth can be used in various ways in literature: as the data or information that is recreated and transformed in the creative process to establish a common matrix of stories, symbols, images and motifs which represents a bond between the author and the reader in terms of the meaning-making process; to facilitate a spiritual enrichment in a demythologized world and for its restorative abilities. The study is confirmed by detailed mythical reference. / English Studies / (D. Litt. et Phil. (English))
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