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>Magister Scientiae - MSc / When used at the recommended and approved therapeutic dose, paracetamol is effective. Paracetamol is available in various forms and easily accessible from general dealers and pharmacies. The liquid form is the preferred form given with a device to children. Paracetamol is effective within a defined therapeutic range; however, are prescribers and caregivers using paracetamol as authorised by regulators? A qualitative review of product specific labelling and the department of health recommendations was conducted and evaluated by means of arithmetic means differences to the regulator requirements. Surveys of healthcare professionals and caregivers determined the quantity administered and to establish if a device was used. The dosing information from product specific labelling, the department of health and the regulator source were reviewed for recommended dose, frequency of administration, maximum daily dose and recommendations for overdose treatment. There are similarities and differences with the null hypothesis being proven. Product labelling and department of health recommendations do not conform to the regulator accepted therapeutic dose. There was no unambiguous legislative medicine guideline on the age of a child with children between six and twelve being underdosed with liquid paracetamol in terms of volume and strength.

This thesis deals with the architecture of the inclusive built environment. The hypothesis argues that social barriers can be challenged through the physical formation of the city, its buildings and spaces. The platform used to explore this premise is Weskoppies Hospital situated in Pretoria West. The stigmatization and institutionalisation of the mentally ill has been a hotly debated issue for a long time. Recently the topic has received a lot of attention in the media, parliament and medical circles. The issues underpinning the hypothesis deals with the “power of architecture to address social, economic, political and cultural forces by way of form- and place-making.” (Yudell 1997:134) / Dissertation (MArch (Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Architecture / unrestricted

From a social constructionist perspective, the self of the therapist is the only tool that she takes into therapy with her. The study of the therapeutic self therefore becomes important as this impacts on the quality of therapy received by the client. This treatise explores the development of the researcher’s therapeutic self through the storying of significant learning experiences in the course of her training in counselling psychology. An analysis of the narrative reveals the substance of some of the soul tattoos that make up her therapeutic self. The study was undertaken from an action research approach, thus emphasising the investigation of the therapeutic self in the field and feeding this information back into the practice of counselling psychology in the course of the research project. The themes extracted in the analysis reveal the process of action learning and what constituted significant learning experiences for the researcher. The researcher found that certain conditions were required for the formation of soul tattoos and that merely obtaining a masters degree in counselling psychology was not sufficient preparation for the practice of counselling psychology.

Ovarian cancers often develop resistance mechanisms against the standard platinum and taxane chemotherapy, which indicates the need for novel therapeutics to improve patient outcome. In vitro assays were performed to assess the effects and mechanism of action of a novel peptide, GAP-107B8, on ovarian cancer cell viability. Xenograft models were used to determine GAP-107B8’s effects on tumour burden in immune-incompetent mice. GAP-107B8 significantly reduced cell viability in ovarian cancer cell lines, although no synergistic effects with carboplatin were observed. This reduction in cell viability was due in part to apoptosis and may involve mechanisms leading to decreased pAKT, but without any change in pPKC levels. In vivo, GAP-107B8 had no effect on ovarian tumour burden, but significantly reduced ascites volume. The findings suggest that GAP-107B8 can reduce some malignant characteristics of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and should be evaluated further as a potential therapeutic for ovarian cancer.

This study explores the effectiveness of poetry as an ancillary psychotherapeutic technique in a group counselling setting. Five adult immigrants/refugees (less than five years in Canada and who were learning English as an additional language) from Hong Kong, Iran, Guatamala, Colombia, and one Canadian Native Indian volunteered for and completed a workshop, "Settling in Canada", and participated in subsequent data collection procedures. Flanagan's (1954) Critical Incident Technique was used to discover what poetic events facilitate and what poetic events hinder the process of settling in Canada. Non—poetic events were analysed in the same fashion. Data was drawn from three sources. Two post—workshop critical incident interviews provided data from which 10 poetic and 8 non—poetic facilitating categories, and 1 poetic and 2 non—poetic hindering categories were induced. These categories were supported by workshop leader observations and by poetry produced by the participants. The results indicate that poetry used in a variety of ways facilitates exploration of and expression of feelings, increases self—esteem and confidence, promotes dialogue among workshop participants and others, expands one's definition of self, and enhances personal problem solving. The participants in the Settling in Canada workshop stated that these factors helped them settle in Canada. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

The efficacy of a rational hypnotherapeutic intervention for anxiety states and panic attacks is the focus of this research. Based on a single subject research design, the co-researcher was asked to complete pre-therapy, during and post-therapy assessments of personality, self-concept, mood states, stress and physiological symptoms. The baseline period was two weeks and therapy lasted 13 weeks. There were two weeks of post-therapy measures and finally a six-month follow-up study. The intervention was comprised of progressive relaxation, guided imagery, a cognitive restructuring and behaviour rehearsal based on an A-B-C-D-E paradigm. The subject examined her self-defeating or irrational thoughts in critical incidents and her subjective emotional behavioural and physiological reactions. She was then asked to substitute her own new more rational thoughts in the same situation. Post-therapy results from the objective tests and self-reports demonstrated significant improvement in almost all areas. Following the rational hypnotherapeutic intervention the co-researcher showed a normal personality profile, increased self-concept, improvement in mood states and a significant reduction in stress and physiological symptoms. This improvement was maintained in the six-month follow-up. Rational hypnotherapy is effective, relatively short-term and encourages the client to play an active role in finding new ways to deal effectively with problems and accept control over his/her own life. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

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