Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Classics, 1993. / Vol. 3. contains [9] folded plans and [2] section keys. Includes bibliographical references.

L'étude du paysage balnéaire de Rome dans l'Antiquité (Ier siècle av. J.-C.- Ve siècle ap. J.-C.) a pour but de combler certaines lacunes concernant la recherche sur les bains dits mineurs dans la capitale de l'Empire. La thèse a suivi essentiellement cinq grands axes : nous avons au préalable défini un cadre historique et social à notre étude en insistant sur les problèmes relatifs à l'origine du bain romain et à sa diffusion en péninsule italique. Nous nous sommes ensuite penchés sur les problèmes méthodologiques rencontrés lors de l'établissement de notre corpus. Afin d'appréhender de manière concrète le paysage balnéaire romain, nous avons en effet établi une base de données dont chaque entrée correspond à un complexe balnéaire connu par les sources (archéologiques, épigraphiques et littéraires). Ce catalogue a été abordé sous forme descriptive dans notre troisième grande partie. Notre quatrième axe concerne particulièrement la législation relative à ces balnea, la définition de leur statut et l'identification de leurs propriétaires. Enfin, une étude typologique et technique des bains de Rome s'est révélée nécessaire pour terminer cette étude de façon exhaustive. / The study of the baths landscape of Rome in the Antiquity(Ist century B.C.- Vth century A.D.) aims at filling certain gaps concerning the research on the minor baths in the capital of the Empire. The thesis followed essentially five main chapters: we beforehand defined a historic and social frame in our study by insisting on the relative problems at the origin of the Roman bath and in its distribution in italic peninsula. We then bent over the methodological problems met during the establishment of our corpus. To conceive in a concrete way the Roman bath landscape, we indeed established a database every evidence of which corresponds to a bath complex known by sources(archaeological, epigraphic and literary). This catalog was approached under descriptive shape on our third chapter. Our fourth axis concerns particularly the legislation relative to these balnea, the definition of their status and the identification of their owners. Finally, a typological and technical study of the baths of Rome showed itself necessary to end this study in a exhaustive way.

Vol. 3. contains [9] folded plans and [2] section keys / Includes bibliographical references / 3 v. : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30-32 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Classics, 1993

Este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar os banhos e as práticas balneárias públicas no Egito do século I a.C. ao século VI d.C., procurando detectar que modificações foram introduzidas pelo conquistador romano. Este contingente trouxe consigo hábitos culturais consolidados durante séculos em que estabelecera suas próprias práticas e desenvolvera técnicas construtivas e inovações tecnológicas, fruto de influências variadas e iniciativas locais resultantes de sua expansão colonial. Ao se estabelecerem no Egito anexado como província, os romanos encontraram uma cultura balneária solidamente enraizada, tão ou mais antiga que a sua, em consequência da conquista macedônica trezentos anos antes. O que vemos nos séculos seguintes é um movimento contínuo de manutenções e rupturas, em que uma população crescentemente \"romanizada\" adotou e descartou seletivamente práticas, feições e inovações técnicas, enquanto manteve hábitos tradicionais. Os edifícios balneários no Egito revelam que algumas destas práticas perduraram em seu território por mais tempo do que em qualquer outra província, e materializam escolhas feitas a nível local. Pretendemos demonstrar como, em sua arquitetura e em suas formas de banhar-se, os numerosos banhos públicos no Egito configuram uma prática cotidiana generalizada, amplamente adotada por uma população multiétnica e socialmente heterogênea, que contribuiu para lhes dar as feições híbridas que os distinguem, e que culminaram na geração de um modelo regional original e único. / This dissertation aims to investigate baths and bathing practices in Egypt from the 1st century BC to the 6th century AD, in order to determine which changes were introduced by the Roman conquerors. The Romans brought with them cultural habits formed over centuries, during which time they developed their own practices, building techniques and technological innovations, developed further during their colonial expansion. When they annexed Egypt, they encountered a solidly rooted bathing culture of similar or greater antiquity to their own, established following the Macedonian conquest three hundred years earlier. The picture which emerges over the following centuries is one of a constant movement of continuity and rupture, whereby the increasingly \"Romanised\" population selectively adopted and discarded practices, features and technical improvements, while retaining traditional habits. Egyptian baths show that some of these practices were kept alive on that territory far longer than on any other province, embodying choices made locally. We propose to demonstrate how - in their architecture and bathing forms - the numerous public baths of Egypt translate a generalised everyday practice, amply adopted by a multi-ethnical and socially heterogeneous population, who contributed towards the hybrid features which distinguish them, and which ultimately generated an original and unique regional model.

Les trois ensembles thermaux réunis dans le quartier de Cimiez constituent les principaux témoins de la ville antique, pourtant aucune étude de fond n’avait jamais été réalisée à ce jour. L'analyse des trois thermes que nous proposons se base sur un réexamen complet et critique des données de fouilles et des découvertes anciennes, ainsi qu’un inventaire exhaustif des vestiges conservés sur le site. Bien que connus du public de très longue date, les complexes thermaux de Cimiez conservent une grande part d’inconnu, à commencer par leur chronologie, absolue et relative, mais aussi la raison d'un tel regroupement. Si le réexamen d’une partie du mobilier archéologique issu des fouilles anciennes menées sans stratigraphie ni exhaustivité, a permis la réalisation de plusieurs travaux universitaires, il n’a jamais apporté de données tangibles permettant de les mettre en perspective avec le bâti et son évolution. Nous avons ainsi tenté de proposer un phasage à ces constructions et reconstructions, à partir, d’une part des contacts et relations entre chaque structure bâtie et d’autre part, d’une réflexion sur les techniques et matériaux employés. Notre étude s’est également portée sur l'organisation et l’évolution du quartier thermal à vocation hygiénique, depuis la mise en place du réseau hydraulique (aqueduc et château d'eau) préfigurant l'aménagement du quartier, jusqu’à la phase optimale de son utilisation où les trois thermes fonctionnent concomitamment. L'examen de la durée de fonctionnement, la mise en lumière de modifications dans les parcours des usagers, voire même dans la typologie des bâtiments, apportent des données intéressantes sur l’évolution de la pratique balnéaire, et plus généralement les usages sociaux, observables à l’échelle de l’Empire. Ces constats, rendus possibles par l’examen attentif de la totalité des vestiges en place, permettent de replacer l’analyse du groupement thermal de Cimiez dans un contexte et un cadre bien plus vaste. Enfin, ces évolutions témoignent de la continuité de l'activité et de la vocation thermale de ce quartier jusqu'à l'Antiquité tardive.Les résultats de notre recherche pourront apporter des éléments concrets à une campagne de réhabilitation déjà entamée dans le cadre du Plan Patrimoine Antique pour le frigidarium des thermes du Nord et à poursuivre dans l’urgence, afin de protéger de la dégradation manifeste, ces monuments et ce quartier remarquables, uniques dans le département des Alpes-Maritimes. / The treble complex of thermae which is assembled in the district of Cimiez is the most important testimony of the antique town; nevertheless, no study had been so far thoroughly realized. The analysis of the three thermae which we are proposing is founded upon a full and critical new examination of the old excavations and finds data, as well as a complete inventory of the vestiges remaining on the place. Although it is well known by the public since a long time, the thermae complex of Cimiez holds a great part that is still unknown, such as their absolute and relative chronology and also the ground of their assembling. The review of some part of the archeological material brought by old excavations which were conducted without stratigraphy nor exhaustivity, enabled many universitary studies but it did not bring concrete data which would have enable a relation between them, the building and its evolution. Thus, we tried to propose a periodicity of these buildings and re-buildings, from, on one side, contacts and relations between each building structure and, on the other side, a reflection about the technology and the material that was used. Our study concerns also the organization and evolution of the thermae district with its sanitary office, from the setting in of the hydraulic network (aqueduct and waterworks), first step toward the district modelling, until the time of its full use when the three thermae worked together. Studying how long it was working, what were the changes in the users moves and even in the buildings typology brings interesting data about the evolution in the way of bathe and more generally about the social uses on the scale of the Empire. These results enabled by the strict study of the whole vestiges remaining on the place allow us to set the analysis of the thermae complex of Cimiez in a much wider frame. Finally, these evolutions prove the continuous activity and the thermal function of this district until the late Antiquity. The results of our research can bring concrete elements for the purpose of a rehabilitation campaign which began already for the frigidarium of the north thermae with the “Plan Patrimoine Antique” and which should be urgently followed, in order to protect against obvious damage these noteworthy monuments and district which are unrivalled in the Alpes Maritimes department.

This thesis investigates the formal aspects of the bath-gymnasium complex plan type which was developed in Asia Minor during the Roman era in relation to the development of the the imperial thermae in Rome, the capital city of the Roman Empire. Close resemblances in the architectural configuration of bath-gymnasium complexes and imperial thermae are analyzed in order to provide complementary insight concernin the evolution of Roman bath architecture and bathing tradition. The comparative investigation of the formal aspects of the plan types reveals the contribution of Asia Minor and its role in influencing the architectural developments in the capital. The thesis concentrates on the development of the bath-gymnasium complex plan type in Asia Minor and the imperial thermae in Rome in order to elucidate the outcomes of mutual influence in criss-crossing Greek and Italic features. Crucial to this investigation ,s the understanding of the multiple effects of historical processes such as Hellenization, Romanization and urbanization that were synthesized in the bath architecture of the capital and the provinces. Also, the symbolic, cosmological, and political aspects of Roman bath architecture are highlighted ,n this thesis.