Increasing energy demands and environmental problems require innovative systems for electrical and thermal energy production. In this scenario, the development of small scale energy systems has become an interesting alternative to the conventional large scale centralized plants. Among these alternatives, small scale combined heat and power (CHP) plants based on Stirling Engines (SE) have attracted the interest among research and industry due to the potential advantages that offers. These include low maintenance, low noise during operation, a theoretically high electrical efficiency, and principally the fuel flexibility that the system offers. However, actual engine performances present very low electrical efficiencies and consequently few successful prototypes reached commercial maturity at elevated costs.Considering this situation, this thesis presents a numerical thermodynamic study for micro scale CHP-SE systems. The study is divided in two parts: The first part covers the engine analysis; and the second part studies the thermodynamic performance of the overall CHP-SE system. For the engine analysis a detailed thermodynamic model suitable for the simulation of different engine configurations was developed. The model capability to predict the engine performance was validated with experimental data obtained from two different engines: The GPU-3 Stirling engine studied by Lewis Research Centre; and the Genoa engine studied on the experimental rig built at the Energy Department at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH). The second part of the research complemented the study with the analysis of the overall CHP-SE system. This included numerical simulations of the different CHP components and the sensitivity analysis for selected design parameters.The complete study permitted to assess the different operational and design configurations for the engine and the CHP components. These improvements could be implemented for test field evaluations and thus foster the development of more efficient SE-CHP systems. In addition, the detailed thermodynamic-design methodology for the SE-CHP systems was established and the numerical tool for the design assessment was developed. / <p>QC 20150327</p>

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1984. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-60).

Glutathione is one of the most abundant organic compounds found in many biological systems. It is a non-protein tripeptide of Glutamic acid, Cysteine and Glycine. Due to its stability, high cellular concentrations and structural features like gammaglutamyl linkage and sulfhydryl group, glutathione involves with many biological pathways including: cellular defense against xenobiotics and naturally occurring deleterious compounds, like free radicals, metal sequestering, and maintaining cellular sulfhydryl status. Glutathione has been broadly studied however the literature associated with Zn2+ coordination is not clear. This study is focused on collecting thermodynamic data of glutathione binding to Zn2+ metal ions using calorimetric technique. Isothermal titration calorimetry has been recommended as an excellent method to determine the association constant (K), enthalpy change (delta H), and binding stoichiometry (n) of a binding process. These parameters associated with Zn2+ binding glutathione deconvoluted from a series of complex equilibria provide an insight into what drives these reactions forward.

No description available.

Orientador: João Zangrandi Filho / Banca: João Alberto de Oliveira / Banca: Carlos Antonio Reis Pereira Baptista / Resumo: O motor de combustão interna é uma máquina existente há mais de um século, sendo muito utilizado em aplicações industriais e de transporte. Uma pesquisa para se obter informações dessa máquina revelou que existe bastante literatura especializada sobre o assunto. Foi desenvolvido o cálculo termodinâmico a partir dos dados do projeto, com a finalidade de se obter o diâmetro do pistão e o seu curso. Este trabalho desenvolve procedimentos para o projeto do motor monocilíndrico, seguindo uma metodologia para se obter o desenho de conjunto, os detalhes, ajustes e tolerância. Em seguida foi realizado um estudo para implementar as etapas de usinagem das peças utilizando máquinas convencionais e de controle numérico. Finalmente, realizou-se a montagem dos subconjuntos obtendo-se enfim a parte alternativa do motor. / Abstract: The internal combustion engine exists since a century ago; its main application is in the industry and in the mobile machines in general. A research to obtain information about this kind of machine revealed a rich specialized literature. It was developed the thermodynamic calculation starting from the data related to this work, in order to obtain the piston diameter and its stroke. This work still develops procedures related to mechanical design of the alternating parts of a one cylinder engine and its support such as the block, the crankcase and the cylinder. The assembly drawing and the detailed drawing of each part were also attained. A study to implement the various phases of machining of parts making use of conventional and numerically controlled machines was also developed. Finally, the parts were assembled and the alternative group get running. / Mestre

No description available.

The thesis is about investigating the inlet and outlet pipes effect on the compressors measured performance. From measurements made in a gas stand, a thermodynamic model is to be created and the compressor efficiency further investigated. The temperatures and pressures entering and leaving the compressor does not have to be the same as the temperatures measured in the gasstand, because of the thermodynamics of the pipes that connects the measurement equipment and the compressor. During a gasstand test the turbocharger is connected in a test bench, it is connected with pipes on both the compressor and turbine side, to simulate the hot exhaust gases from the car engine and the pressure increase over the compressor. The air entering and leaving the turbocharger through the different pipes is controlled and all the entering and leaving temperatures and pressures are measured. Gasstand data from different tests are available during the thesis, one specific turbocharger is used as references during the modeling. Models of the inlet and outlet pipes are created and connected to a compressor model. The model is controlled to give the same mass flow as the measured data, to ensure that the work cycle is followed. The effects of the non ideal inlet and outlet pipes on measured compressor efficiency is studied with help of this model and the main impacts on the measured compressor efficiency are discovered. The result shows that the measured values used to calculate the compressor efficiency could change, depending on the measurement positions on the inlet and outlet pipes.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1983. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.