Thesis (MCur (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Nursing Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Reproductive health is the right of every person. The new Children’s Act (Act 38 of 2005) gives to children 12 years and older rights to reproductive health, which includes contraceptive access as well as information on sexuality and reproduction. They have the right to HIV/AIDS testing and treatment with only their own consent. The aim of the study was to investigate the personal and contextual factors which influence the accessibility and uptake of reproductive health education during early youth (13 to 18 years). The study also aimed to identify contextually appropriate recommendations toward improved reproductive health provision for these youths. A descriptive, non-experimental, research design was employed with a primarily quantitative approach. A sample of 270 participants, constituting 20% of the study population (N=1373) was randomly selected from Northlink FET Colleges, Cape Town. A self-completion structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University. Permission to conduct the research was obtained from the management of Northlink FET College. A group of 30 participants, who met the inclusion criteria, constituting 11% of the sample, participated in a pilot study. Reliability and validity were assured by means of a pilot study and the use of experts in the field, nursing research and statistics. Data was collected personally by the Principal Investigator. The data analysis was primarily descriptive in nature and presented in frequency tables, proportions and measures of relationships, using where indicated Chi-square (x2) and Mann-Whitney U tests. A thematic approach was used to analyze the qualitative data yielded from the open-ended question. Subsequently, in order to strengthen the investigation, the qualitative data, within the identified themes, was quantified based on a validated analytical approach. The results show that 74.1% (n=195) of participants were sexually experienced by the time of the study. Of the participants who reported having already had sexual intercourse, 60.5% (n=115) indicated having made their sexual début by the age of 16. A third of participants (33.2%,n=77) received their first reproductive health education by age 13. Only half of the participants (50.4%,n=116) indicated that the reproductive health education they received always influenced them to make safer sex choices. Of the participants, 21.9% (n=59) stated that they felt that they were in some way hindered in accessing contraceptives during age 13 to 18 years. The vast majority of the participants (94.4%, n=255) indicated that they would prefer reproductive health education to be provided by a professional healthcare provider at a clinic (61.5%, n=166) or by a nurse at school (33%; n=89). Increased reproductive health education within the schooling systems was requested by 52 (19.3%) participants, with more than 30% (n=84) indicating their home as the preferred source of such education. Several recommendations, grounded in the study findings, were identified, including the provision of reproductive health care and accessibility to contraceptives for youths as young as 12 years within a school setting. This care should be provided by healthcare professionals, such as nurses, on a similar operating basis as that which is provided in primary health clinics. The findings reveal to the pressing need for the development, implementation and evaluation of an alternative model for reproductive health care provision in order to assure the complete deliverance of the rights and care to youths as stipulated in the new Child Act (Act 38 of 2005). / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Voortplantings gesondheid is die reg van elke persoon. Die nuwe Kinderwet (Wet 38 van 2005) gee aan elke kind 12 jaar en ouer die reg tot voortplantings gesondheid, wat insluit toegang tot swangerskap voorbehoeding en informasie aangaande seksualiteit en voortplanting. Die jeug het ook die reg tot HIV/AIDS toetsing en behandeling met net hulle eie toestemming. Die doelwitte daargestel is om te bepaal watter persoonlike en kontekstuele faktore die toegang en gebruik van voortplantings gesondheidsonderrig bevorder en/of benadeel by jonger tieners (13 tot 18 jaar). Die studie sou ook vasstel wat die voorwaardes is vir n toeganklike voortplantings gesondheidsorg diens vir hierdie tieners. !n Beskrywende, nie-eksperimentele navorsingsontwerp was gebruik met n primer kwantitatiewe benadering. !n Steekproef van 270 deelnemers, insluitende 20% van die studie populasie (N=1373) was vanuit die Northlink Verdere Onderrig en Opleidings Kolleges (Kaapstad) by die studie betrek. Die vraelys gebruik was gestruktueerd en is self deur deelnemers voltooi. Etiese Komitee van die Mediese Fakulteit te Universiteit Stellenbosch verkry asook die Bestuur van Northlink Kollege. ’n Loodstudie was gebruik, waarby 30 deelnemers wat inpas by die insluitings kriteria (11% van die studie populasie) betrek is. Die betroubaarheid en geldigheid van die studie is deur die loodstudie, die gebruik van ‘n statistikus, verpleegdeskundiges en die navorser-metodoloog versterk. Die finale data is persoonlik deur die navorser ingevorder. Data was geannaliseer met die bystand van ’n statistikus en is as frekwensie tabelle uitgebeeld met die gebruik van Chi-hoek (x2) en Mann-Whitney U toetse. ’n Tema benadering is geneem om die kwalitatiewe data te annaliseer. Gevolgens is die data van die kwalitatiewe studie gekwantifiseer. Die bevindings van die studie het getoon dat 74.1% (n=195) van deelnemers seksuele ondervinding voor die studie gehad het. Van die deelnemers het 60.5% (n=115) hulle eerste seksuele ondervinding gehad voor die ouderdom van 16 jaar. Van die deelnemers het 33.2% (n=77) hulle voortplantings onderrig teen 13 jarige ouderdom ontvang. Net 50.4% (n=116) van deelnemers het bekend gemaak dat die onderrig wat hulle ontvang het, hulle altyd gelei het tot veiliger seksuele keuses. Van die deelnemers het 21.9% (n=59) het gevoel dat hulle op een of ander manier verhoed was om voorbehoeding te bekom. Van die deelnemers, sou 94.4% (n=255) verkies het om alternatiewe voortplantings gesondheidsonderrig van ’n professionele gesondheidsorg voorsiener te ontvang, 61.5% (n=166) in klinieke en 33% (n=89) deur ’n verpleegster by ’n skool. ’n Toename in voortplantings onderrig binne die skoolsisteem is versoek deur 52 (19.3%) van die deelnemers, met 30% (n=84) van die deelnemers wat voortplantings onderrig van die huis af sou verkies het. Die hoop word dus uitgespreek dat die voorsiening van voortplantings gesondheidsorg aan kinders so jonk as 12 jaar binne die skool sisteem voorsien kan word, deur ’n professionele gesondheidsorg verpleegster op ’n soortgelyke basis as in publieke gesondheids klinieke. Die studie se bevindinge lei die navorser tot die voorstel om n alternatiewe model te ontwikkel en beplan. Hierdeur moet die voorsiening van voortplantings gesondheidsorg geskied wat sou verseker dat die volledige regte en sorgvoorwaardes aan die heug toegestaan deur die nuwe Kinder Wet (Wet 38 van 2005), aan voldoen word.

Thesis (MCur)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The traditional management practice of the unit manager has changed dramatically in the past decade. She is responsible to supply nursing services in an environment which is characterized by smaller operational budgets, rapid developments and changes in every sphere. The researcher has identified deficiencies in the management process of the unit manager. This led to the evaluation of the management activities of the unit manager in a selected group of hospitals. A quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive approach was followed with a questionnaire survey as research design. Standards were set and the management activities were evaluated against these standards. The main findings were: • The unit manager was not 100% involved in her comprehensive management task • The unit manager did not have the necessary training to empower her to manage effectively. The researcher recommends that the unit manager should be empowered by inservice education programmes but should also follow the formal management programmes at a recognized tertiary education institution. Keywords: Unit management / Standard formulation / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die tradisionele bestuurspraktyk van die eenheidsbestuurder het oor die afgelope dekade dramaties verander. Sy is verantwoordelik vir die verskaffing van verpleegdienste in 'n omgewing wat gekenmerk word deur kleiner operasionele begrotings, vinnige vooruitgang en veranderinge op alle gebiede, Die navorser het leemtes in die bestuursproses van die eenheidsbestuurder geïdentifiseer. Dit het gelei tot die evaluering van die bestuursaktiwiteite van die eenheidsbestuurder in 'n geselekteerde groep hospitale. 'n Kwantitatiewe, nie-eksperimentele beskrywende navorsingsbenadering is gebruik met 'n vraelysopname as navorsingsontwerp. Standaarde is gestel waarteen die bestuursaktiwiteite geëvalueer is. Die belangrikste bevindinge was dat: • Die eenheidsbestuurder nie 100% betrokke was by haar omvangryke bestuurstaak nie • Die eenheidsbestuurder nie oor die nodige opleiding beskik wat haar bemagtig om hierdie bestuurstaak effektief te verrig nie. Die navorser beveel aan dat die eenheidsbestuurder bemagtig moet word deur middel van indiensopleidingsprogramme maar ook deur formele bestuursopleiding aan 'n erkende tersiêre opvoedkundige intansie moet te volg. Sleutelwoorde: Eenheidsbestuur/standaard formulering

Thesis (MCur (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Nursing Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV/AIDS is considered as a global problem with the number of people living with HIV infection continuing to increase. At the end of 2007 HIV/AIDS had already claimed 25 million lives. Of all new HIV infections 71% were diagnosed in the Sub-Saharan region in 2008, remaining the worst affected region globally. UNAIDS (2008:43) indicated that heterosexual intercourse remained the main origin for HIV infection in the Sub-Saharan region. Therefore the researcher is of the opinion that prevention strategies should focus mainly on sexual transmission of the disease. HIV/AIDS affects mainly people between the ages 15-24 years, notably the age group of most of the learners in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Lesotho, a country in the Sub- Saharan region, presents with the third highest HIV adult prevalence (23.2%) in the world and in the region. In an attempt to address the prevailing situation, Lesotho has a number of programmes geared towards addressing HIV/AIDS in the country. However, all these attempts exclude the learners in HEIs, yet the majority of learners are found within the most affected age group. It is also to be noted that Higher Education provides the bedrock for socio-economic and political development in Africa. Some studies have identified insufficient knowledge as being at the root of the increasing HIV infections among youth. However, other studies have shown that there is adequate knowledge among the young people, but still a challenge remains and that is to facilitate changes in behavioural patterns as a component to be linked to the knowledge. Studies conducted in other African countries have shown that there are anti-AIDS programmes and clubs for learners in HEIs where learners are involved in the fight against HIV/AIDS. No publication indicating the same for Lesotho’s HEIs could be found, except for the National University of Lesotho (NUL) that only launched its HIV/AIDS policy for learners in 2009. The researcher is of the opinion that HEIs in Lesotho are not doing enough to combat HIV/AIDS and hence intends to focus on HEIs in Lesotho. This study had two objectives namely:  To determine the knowledge of learners in a specific HEI in Lesotho regarding HIV/AIDS prevention and care.  To explore the needs of learners in a specific HEI in Lesotho regarding HIV/AIDS prevention and care. This mixed method study was conducted, comprising of both quantitative and qualitative designs. Quantitative phase used a questionnaire for determining the knowledge of learners. The questionnaire was adopted from a study that was performed to determine knowledge of South African educators in public schools with some modifications. The qualitative phase was used to explore the needs of the learners through the focus group discussions with the leaders of the learners. Sample was drawn from the entire population using stratified random sampling for the quantitative phase. The qualitative phase used the purposive sampling to obtain in-depth information concerning learners’ needs. Quantitative data was analysed through the use of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and qualitative data was analysed using the thematic analysis and open-coding. All ethical principles were adhered to especially the principle of respect for persons. The findings from the quantitative phase of the study showed that learners had adequate knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS prevention and care and the findings from the qualitative phase showed the various needs of the learners with regards to prevention and care of HIV/AIDS in a specific HEI in Lesotho. Recommendations have been proposed based on the findings from the two phases of the study. Limitations observed by the researcher have also been identified. In conclusion the objectives of the study were met and the research questions had been answered. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: MIV/Vigs word as ‘n internasionale probleem erken, siende dat daar ‘n verhoging in die toename van MIVgeïnfekteerde indiwidue tans is . Einde 2007 het MIV/Vigs het reeds 25 miljoen lewens ge-eis . In 2008 is 71% van al die nuwe MIV-infeksies in die Sub-Sahara streek gediagnoseer, wat aandui dat die streek die mees geaffekteerde streek tans is. UNAIDS (2008:43) het aangedui dat heteroseksuele omgang die hoofoorsaak van MIV-oordrag in die Sub-Sahara-streek is. Laasgenoemde het daartoe gelei dat die navorser van mening is dat voorkomende strategieë meestal op seksuele oordrag van die siekte moet fokus. MIV/Vigs affekteer meestal mense in die ouderdomsgroep 15-24, opmerklik is dit die ouderdomsgroep waarby meesste leerders in Hoëronderwysinstellings (HOI) is. Lesotho, ‘n land in die Sub-Sahara-streek, het tans die derde-hoogste MIV-voorkoms (23.2%) in die wêreld en in die streek. Lesotho het verskeie programme ontlont om MIV/Vigs te bekamp in ‘n poging om die huidige situasie te beredder . Nieteenstaande sluit al die programme leerders in HOI uit, alhoewel die leerders in die ouderdomsgroep van die mees-geaffekteerde groep val. Dit is ook duidelik dat Hoëronderwys die fondasie vir sosio-ekonomiese- en politieke ontwikkeling in Afrika verskaf. Sommige studies het onvoldoende kennis as die wortel van die verhoging van MIV-infeksies onder die jeug geïdentifiseer. Ander studies, daarenteen, wys dat kennis voldoende is onder jeug, alhoewel veranderinge in gedragspatrone om by die kennis aan te sluit ‘n uitdaging bly. Studies uit ander Afrikalande dui daarop dat daar anti-Vigs programme en klubs is waarby HO leerders betrokke is om teen die verspreiding van MIV/Vigs te veg. Geen publikasies in hierdie verband word in Lesotho aangetref nie, behalwe ‘n MIV/Vigs-beleid wat in 2009 deur “National University of Lesotho’ (NUL) gepubliseer is. Dus is die navorser van mening dat HOI nie genoeg doen om MIV/Vigs te beveg nie, daarom fokus sy op HOI in Lesotho. Hierdie studie het twee doelstellings ten doel gehad, naamlik om die leerders in ‘n sekere HOI in Lesotho se kennis aangaande MIV/Vigs voorkoming en sorg te bepaal en die behoeftes van die leerders aangaande MIV/Vigs voorkoming en sorg te verken. ‘n Studie met beide kwantitatiewe- en kwalitatiewe metodes is gebruik om die doelstellings te verwesenlik. In die kwantitatiewe fase is ‘n vraelys gebruik om leerders se kennis te bepaal. Die vraelys is verkry uit ‘n vorige studie wat in RSA gedoen is, maar aangepas om in die Lesotho-konteks te gebruik. Gedurende die kwalitatiewe fase is fokusgroep besprekings met die leiers van die leerders gehou om die behoeftes indiepte te verken. Die steekproef was uit die totale populasie getrek deur van gestratifiseerde streekproefneming gebruik te maak in die kwantitatiewe fase en ‘n doelgerigte steekproefneming is in die kwalitatiewe fase te gebruik. Die navorser het ‘n kwantitatiewe data-analise sagteware (SPSS)gebruik om kwantitatiewe data te ontleed en tematiese- oopkodering is gedurende die kwalitatiewe fase gebruik. Etiese kode is ten volle gerespekteer, veral die respek vir mense gedurende navorsing. Bevindinge van die kwantitatiewe fase het bewys dat leerders voldoende kennis aangaande die voorkoming en sorg van MIV/Vigs besit en die kwalitatiewe bevindinge het die behoeftes van leerders met betrekking tot die voorkoming en sorg van MIV/Vigs in ‘n spesifieke HOI in Lesotho geopenbaar. Die aanbevelings is gemaak, gebaseer op die bevindinge uit die twee fases. Beperkinge in die studie is uitgelig. Ter afsluiting is die doelstellings in die studie bereik en die navorsingsvrae beantwoord.

Thesis (MCur)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Minister of Health identified tuberculosis as a National Health priority since the incidence of tuberculosis in South Africa is increasing. The researcher practiced as a community health nurse for seven years and was actively involved with the community. It was experienced that irrespective well qualified nursing staff and accessible and available health services, there was an increase in tuberculosis in the Western Cape. A non-experimental, descriptive, explorative study was conducted in a selected community in the Western Cape to address the research problem: What are the knowledge, perceptions, attitudes and treatment practices of tuberculosis patients; their resources for support; and community leaders? Structured interviews were held with 50 patients randomly selected from patients attending the health clinic. Focus interviews were held with community leaders purposefully selected for the research. A modified Photovoice technique was also applied to the patients where they had to draw a picture of their feelings when diagnosed with tuberculosis and the impact of the disease on themselves and their environment. The findings revealed a lack of information, major stigmatization of the disease, and many patients not adhering to their treatment regimes. Most of the patients had a negative idea of tuberculosis indicating that it always causes death. Community leaders were very committed to assist in combating the problems in their community. The findings indicated that health staff can be of more help to the patient although they were generally satisfied with the care they received. Recommendations include that health promotion programmes should be planned in co-operation with community members to ensure that programmes are appropriate and address the real needs of the community. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Minister van Gesondheid het tuberkulose as 'n Nasionale Gesondheidsprioriteit geïdentifiseer aangesien daar 'n toename in die insidensie van tuberkulose in Suid-Afrika is. Die navorser het vir sewe jaar as 'n gemeenskapsverpleegkundige gepraktiseer en was aktief betrokke by die gemeenskap. Die navorser het gevind dat daar 'n toename in tuberkulose in die Wes-Kaap was ten spyte van goed gekwalifiseerde verpleegpersoneel asook toeganklike en beskikbare gesondheidsdienste. 'n Nie-eksperimentele, beskrywende, verkennende studie is gedoen op 'n geselekteerde gemeenskap in die Wes-Kaap om die navorsingsprobleem aan te spreek: Wat is die kennis, persepsies, houdings en behandelingspraktyke van tuberkulosepasiënte, hulle ondersteuningsbronne en gemeenskapsleiers? Gestruktureerde onderhoude is met 50 pasiënte gevoer wat ewekansig geselekteer is uit pasiënte wat die kliniek besoek het. Fokusonderhoude is met gemeenskapsleiers gevoer wat doelbewus geselekteer is. 'n Gemodifiseerde photo voice tegniek is ook toegepas waar pasiënte 'n skets moes maak van hulle gevoelens toe hulle die eerste keer met tuberkulose gediagnoseer is, asook die impak wat die siekte op hulself en hulomgewing het. Die bevindinge het gewys dat daar 'n gebrek aan kennis was, dat daar 'n grootskaalse stigmatisering van die siekte was en dat baie pasiënte nie by hulle behandelingsregimens hou nie. Die meeste van die pasiënte het 'n negatiewe idee van tuberkulose en het aangedui dat dit altyd die dood veroorsaak. Gemeenskapsleiers was baie hulpvaardig en alhoewel die meeste pasiënte aangedui het dat hulle tevrede was met die sorg wat hulle ontvang het, was daar tog aanduidings dat gesondheidspersoneel van meer hulp kan wees. Aanbevelings sluit in dat gesondheidsbevorderingsprogramme in samewerking met gemeenskapslede beplan moet word om te verseker dat die programme toepaslik is en die werklike behoeftes van die gemeenskap aanspreek.

Thesis (MCur)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Nursing education, including the individual nurse educator, has a responsibility to society and to students for providing quality education, for maintaining the highest academic standards, for the proficient use of teaching strategies and for ensuring adequate support to learners. These standards were threatened at a particular college in the Western Cape which instigated this study. This study aimed at investigating the academic factors that influenced learning at a particular nursing college in the Western Cape. The objectives included the following possible factors that may have contributed towards the unsatisfactory, academic performances of students: • Nursing as a career choice; • Selection criteria; • Approaches to learning; • Motivation and learning; • Language barrier to learning; and • Factors affecting the learning environment. A non-experimental, descriptive research design was applied with a quantitative approach. The target population (N = 963) consisted of nursing students following the course leading to registration as a professional nurse, according to the South African Nursing Council’s regulation 425, as promulgated by the Nursing Act 50 of 1978, as amended (Nursing Act 33 of 2005). Probability, stratified sampling was used to select the sample of participants (n = 174). A structured questionnaire, consisting of predominantly closed questions, was used for the collection of data. Ethical approval was obtained from Stellenbosch University to conduct this study. Permission to conduct the research was also obtained beforehand from the management of the nursing college being studied, whilst prior informed consent was obtained from each participant. Reliability and validity of the study were assured by means of a pilot study and through the use of experts in nursing research, methodology and statistics. Data was collected and captured by the researcher personally. The data was analysed with the support of a statistician and was expressed as frequencies and in tables and histograms. Descriptive statistics and post-hoc analyses, including tests for statistical associations, were performed. The outcomes from this study showed that third year students (n = 49/23%) spent the most time studying, whilst first years (n = 74/43%) and second years (n = 40/23%) only spent 2.3 hours studying per day. Academic support classes, when offered, were always attended by (n = 64/37%) and most times by (n = 72/42%). The majority of the participants were able to cope with the workload most of the time (n = 107/61%), whilst (n = 51/30%) and (n = 6/3%) of the participants indicated coping seldom and never, respectively. A significant relationship between the ages of participants and being able to cope with the workload (Spearman p-value = 0.02) existed. Results indicated that (n = 83/48%) of the participants received support with language problems, whilst (n = 75/43%) indicated that they did not receive support with language problems. The Afrikaans speaking participants coped the best with the workload (mean score = 1.72), followed by the English speaking students (mean score = 1.68), and lastly the Isi- Xhosa speaking learners (mean score = 1.65). Recommendations made by participants included the following: • Strict adherence to the selection criteria, which should help decrease the attrition rate. • English as a subject / module during the first year was proposed. • The promotion of the proficiency in English, through interaction between English speaking learners and students with English as second language, should be encouraged. • Regular updates of the contents of the curriculum. • The importance of identifying ‘at risk’ students and pro-actively introducing a mentorship programme. • Information technology needed to be improved in many aspects, such as accessibility of Web based communication. Results from the open ended questions showed that participants regarded the teaching strategies as boring. Large classrooms were also mentioned as a problem. Smaller classes were requested to enable more interaction in the class. In conclusion, this study showed that specific academic factors were influencing learning at the nursing college being investigated in the Western Cape. Therefore, recommendations were made in this study, which, if implemented, should result in an improvement in the overall academic performances of students. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Verpleegkundige onderrig, insluitende die individuele verpleegkundige opvoeder, het 'n verantwoordelikheid teenoor die samelewing en teenoor studente om kwaliteit onderrig te verskaf, om die hoogste akademiese standaarde te handhaaf, om die effektiewe gebruik van onderrigstrategieë te bied en om die begeleiding van leerders te verseker. Hierdie standarde was gedreig by ′n seker verpleeg kollege in die Wes Kaap en dus was die studie geinisieër. Hierdie studie het ten doel gehad om die akademiese faktore, wat moontlik leer by 'n bepaalde verpleegkollege in die Wes-Kaap beïnvloed, te ondersoek. Die doelwitte het faktore, wat moontlik die akademiese prestasie van studente kon beïnvloed het, ingesluit: • Verpleging as 'n loopbaankeuse; • Keuringskriteria; • Benaderings tot leer; • Motivering en leer; • Taalhindernis; en • Faktore wat die leeromgewing affekteer. 'n Nie-eksperimentele, beskrywende navorsingsontwerp is toegepas, deur van ′n kwantitatiewe benadering gebruik te maak. Die teikenbevolking (N = 963) het uit verpleegkunde studente bestaan wat die kursus gevolg het wat tot registrasie as 'n professionele verpleegkundige lei, in ooreenstemming met die Suid-Afrikaanse Raad op Verpleging se regulasie 425, soos gepromalgeer deur die aangepaste Wet op Verpleging 50 van 1978 (Wet op Verpleging 33 van 2005). Daar is van waarskynlikheid-gestratifiseerde steekproefneming gebruik gemaak om die deelnemers te kies (n = 174). 'n Gestruktureerde vraelys, bestaande uit hoofsaaklik geslote vrae, is vir die invordering van data gebruik. Etiese goedkeuring is vooraf van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch verkry om hierdie studie uit te voer. Toestemming om die navorsing te doen is ook vooraf vanaf die bestuur van die verpleegkollege wat ondersoek is verkry, terwyl elke deelnemer sy/haar ingeligte toestemming verleen het. Betroubaarheid en geldigheid is deur middel van 'n loodsstudie verseker, tesame met die gebruik van kundiges in verpleegnavorsing, metodologie en statistiek. Data is deur die navorser persoonlik versamel en vasgelê. Die data is met die hulp van ‘n statistikus ontleed en is as frekwensies en in tabelle en histogramme illustreer. Beskrywende statistiek en post-hoc analises, insluitende toetse vir statistiese assosiasies, is uitgevoer. Die bevindings uit hierdie studie het daarop gedui dat derdejaarstudente (n = 49/23%) die meeste tyd aan hul studies bestee het, terwyl die eerste- (n = 74/43%) en tweedejaarstudente (n = 40/23%) daagliks slegs 2.3 ure aan hul studies spandeer het. Waar akademiese ondersteuningsklasse aanbieding is, is dit altyd deur (n = 64/37%) bygewoon en die meeste kere deur (n = 72/42%). Die meerderheid van deelnemers was meestal in staat om die werkslading te hanteer (n = 107/61%), terwyl (n = 51/30%) en (n = 6/3%) van die deelnemers, onderskeidelik, aangedui het dat hulle selde of ooit die lading kon baasraak. 'n Beduidende verwantskap tussen die ouderdomme van die deelnemers en hul vermoë om met die werkslading te kon volhou (Spearman p-waarde = 0,02), het bestaan. Resultate het daarop gedui dat (n = 83/48%) van die deelnemers steun met taalprobleme ontvang het, terwyl (n = 75/43%) aangedui het dat hulle nie steun ontvang het nie. Die Afrikaanssprekende deelnemers het die werkslading die beste hanteer (gemiddelde telling = 1.72), gevolg deur die Engelssprekendes (gemiddelde telling = 1.68) en laastens die Isi-Xhosasprekende deelnemers (gemiddelde telling = 1.65). Aanbevelings deur deelnemers het die volgende ingesluit: • Die streng nakoming van die keuringskriteria behoort die afname in die uitvloeitempo te help bevorder. • Engels as 'n vak / module gedurende die eerste jaar is voorgestel. • Die bevordering van Engels as spreektaal, deur die interaksie tussen studente met Engels as Moedertaal en Engels as tweede taal, behoort aangemoedig te word. • Gereelde opdatering van die die kurrikuluminhoud. Die belangrikheid om "hoë risiko" studente te identifiseer en ’n pro-aktiewe mentorskapsprogram daar te stel. • Inligtingstegnologie behoort in baie aspekte verbeter te word, soos bv toeganklikheid tot Web-gebaseerde kommunikasie. Die resultate tov die oop vrae het getoon dat deelnemers die onderrigstrategieë as vervelig beskou het. Groot klaskamers is ook as 'n probleem geïdentifiseer. Daar was versoeke vir kleiner klasse, ten einde beter interaksie tussen leerders en dosente te bevorder. Ter afsluiting het die studie getoon dat spesifieke akademiese faktore leer by die Wes- Kaapse verpleegkollege, wat ondersoek is, beïnvloed het. Dus is aanbevelings in hierdie studie gemaak, wat, indien geïmplementeer, 'n verbetering in die algehele akademiese prestasie van studente behoort te help bewerkstellig.

Thesis (MCur)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Title: Awareness, knowledge and experiences of women regarding cervical cancer in rural Kwa- Zulu-Natal, South Africa. Background: Cervical cancer has been identified as the second most common cancer in women and contributes to the high mortality rate in women. Among all cancers in women, cervical cancer is rated the second most common cancer in women worldwide. In poorly resourced settings, access to services offering cervical screening is still a challenge and it is estimated that more than 50% of women in developing countries have never had a single screening test for cervical abnormalities. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess women’s awareness, attitudes and experiences regarding cervical smear testing and for cervical cancer in rural KwaZulu-Natal and to better understand factors influencing access to and utilization of cervical cancer screening services by rural women. Methods: The method employed was a descriptive study using a questionnaire to collect quantitative data. The sample consisted of 69 women aged 30 years and above, was taken from women who were enrolled in the on-going Microbicide Clinical Trial and attending follow-up clinic visits between July and August 2009. The primary outcome measure for the analyses was who has been screened for cervical cancer and this was assessed from the previous history reports of the women. The secondary outcome measure was to investigate knowledge and perceptions regarding cervical cancer and screening. Socio-demographic factors associated with having been screened were also explored. Results: Out of 69 women, only N=13 (18.8%) reported ever screening for cervical cancer. More than half of women who had never screened reported lack of information as a barrier to screening N=50 (71.4%). Older women aged 35-45, 45 and above were less likely to screen compared to women aged 30 to 34 years of age (OR: 0.06). Having an educational background seemed to increase the likelihood to screen, twice if a woman had primary education (OR 2.0) and almost three times (OR 2.67) if a woman had a secondary or a higher education. More than half of the respondents considered themselves at risk for cervical cancer N=42 (60.8%) and almost all showed a willingness to screen in the future N=64 (93%). Conclusion: Most of the women in this study had never been screened for cervical cancer in their lifetime as reflected by n=55 (82%) while only n=14 (18%) ever screened for cervical cancer. The results of this study cannot be generalised to the population due to the small sample size. However, there is need to facilitate comprehensive health education and the implementation of cervical screening programmes to target women in rural communities to contribute to the success of the cervical screening programme. The results of this study showed that 60% of respondents were informed by health care professionals on cervical cancer screening. Health care workers also should play a vital role in educating communities on cervical cancer and on the benefits for cervical cancer screening, through reaching all patients who utilise health care services with cervical cancer information and also communities through outreach programmes. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Titel: Vrouens se bewustheid, houding en ervarings van smeertoetse en servikale karsinoom in die landelike gebiede van KwaZulu-Natal Agtergrond: Servikale kanker is geïdentifiseer as die tweede mees algemene karsinoom in vrouens en dra by tot die hoë sterftesyfer in vrouens. Van al die tipes karsinoom wat by vrouens voorkom, is servikale karsinoom die tweede mees algemene karsinoom onder vrouens wêreldwyd. Die beskikbaarheid van dienste wat servikale smeer toetsing bied, is nog steeds ’n uitdaging in arm gebiede en daar word geskat dat meer as 50 % van vrouens in ontwikkelende lande nog nooit ’n toets vir enige servikale abnormaliteite gehad het nie. Doel: Die doel van hierdie studie was om vrouens se bewustheid, houding en ervarings van servikale smeer toetsing en van servikale karsinoom in die plattelandse gebiede van KwaZulu-Natal te toets en om ’n beter begrip te kry van faktore wat ’n invloed het op toegang tot en gebruik van servikalesmeer toetsing by vrouens in landelike areas. Metode: Die metode wat gebruik is, is ’n beskrywende studie waarin gebruik gemaak is van vraelyste om kwantitatiewe data te versamel. Die monster het bestaand uit 69 vrouens, ouderdom 30 jaar en ouer, wat deelnemers was aan die “Microbicide Kliniese Navorsingsprojek” en wat opvolgbesoeke by klinieke gehad het tussen Julie en Augustus 2008. Die primêre bevinding, wie al ooit vir servikale karsinoom getoets is, is bereik deur die inligting in die laboratorium verslae van die vroue na te gaan. Die sekondêre bevinding was om die deelnemers se kennis en persepsies aangaande servikale karsinoom te toets. Sosio-demografiese faktore wat verband hou met of deelnemers ooit getoets is, is ook ondersoek. Resultate: Van die 69 vrouens, het slegs N=13 (18.8 %) gerapporteer dat hulle ooit getoets is vir servikale kasinoom. Meer as die helfte van die vrouens wat ooit getoets is vir servikale karsinoom het gerapporteer dat ’n gebrek aan inligting ’n weerhoudende faktor was tot die toetse, N=50 (71.4%). Ouer vrouens tussen die ouderdom van 35 – 45, 45 en ouer was minder bereid om te toets in vergelyking met vrouens tussen die ouderdom van 30 tot 34 (OR: 0.06). Dit blyk asof skoolonderrig die kanse op toetsing verhoog, vrouens met primêre skoolopleiding se kanse dat hulle getoets is, is twee keer groter (OR 2.0) en amper drie keer meer (OR 2.67) as ’n vrou sekondêre onderrig of hoër onderrig ontvang het. Meer as die helfte van die respondente dink hulle loop ’n risiko om servikale kanker te kry N=42 (60.8%) en feitlik almal was bereid om hulle te laat toets in die toekoms N=64 (93 %). Bevinding: Die meeste vroue in hierdie studie n=55 (82%) was nog nooit in hul leeftyd getoets vir servikale karsinoom nie terwyl slegs n=14 (18%) ooit getoets was vir servikale karsinoom. Die resultate van hierdie studie kan nie veralgemeen word nie, aangesien die navorsingspopulasie as gevolg van die klein steekproef te klein was. Nietemin is daar ‘n behoefte vir die fasilitering van omvattende gesondheidsopvoeding en die implementering van servikalesmeer toetsing programme. Die resultate van hierdie studie het aangedui dat 60% van die respondente deur professionele gesondheids werkers ingelig is met betrekking tot servikalesmeer toetsing. Gesondheidswerkers behoort ‘n vitale rol te speel in die opvoeding van gemeenskappe in verband met servikale karsinoom en die voordele van hiervan deur alle pasiente wat gesondheidsdienste benut in te lig omtrent servikale karsinoom en ook deur middel van gemeenskaps-uitreikings programme.

Thesis (MCurr)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The shortage of nurses in the intensive care units (ICU) affects both the nurse and the patient with regard to quality care and the quality of work life. Job satisfaction as well as factors within the organisation and work environment predisposes dissatisfaction. Identifying these factors may improve the quality of life at work and reduce staff shortages. The aim of this study is to evaluate the contextual factors influencing the turnover of intensive care nurses in specified hospitals in the Cape Metropole. The objectives were: • To determine the factors influencing the turnover of intensive care nurses in specified hospitals in the Cape Metropole. • To compare the findings of the data in the specified hospitals. An explorative, descriptive design with a quantitative approach has been applied. The research sample consists of all nurses working in the intensive care units in the specified hospitals at the time of the study. A convenience sampling was applied. A structured questionnaire containing predominantly closed-ended questions was used and data collection was conducted by the researcher herself. A pilot study consisting of 10% (N=21) of the sample was done in one of the hospitals to validate the reliability of the questionnaire. The 21 participants who completed the pilot test did not participate in the actual study. The reliability and validity of the findings was assured by the utilization of the statistician and experts in the nursing department. The data is presented in tables and histograms. A Chi -square test is used to test the statistical significance association between variables. Spearman’s ranks (rho) order correlation is used to show the strength of the relationship between two continuous variables. The findings of the study show that discontent with salaries, inferior working environments, organisational factors, physical as well as emotional stress and the lack of career development opportunities, were major determinants in the poor quality of life at work with regard to the two set objectives. Recommendations include those for better remuneration, improved career opportunities and the creation of a safe as well as a friendly work environment. The aim is to create a positive work environment and improve the quality of life at work. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ’n Tekort aan verpleegsters in die intensiewesorgeenheid beïnvloed beide die verpleegster en die pasient sovêr dit die gehalte van sorg lewering en die kwaliteit van arbeidservarings in die werkplek betref. Werkstevredenheid, sowel as faktore binne die organisasie en omgewingsfaktore in die werkplek, is aanleidend tot ontevredenheid binne die organisasie. Deur hierdie faktore te identifiseer, mag die kwaliteit van werkslewe verbeter word en die verlies aan personeel verminder word. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die kontekstuele faktore wat die personeel omset van intensiewesorgverpleegsters in spesifieke hospitale in die Kaapse Metropool beïnvloed, te evalueer. Die doelwitte was: • Om die faktore wat die omset van intensiewesorgverpleegsters in spesifieke hospitale in die Kaapse metropool beinvloed, te bepaal • Om die bevindinge van die studie binne verskeiehospitale te vergelyk Om hierdie navorsingsvrae te beantwoord, is ’n verkennende en beskrywende ontwerp met ’n kwantitatiewe benadering aangewend. Die steekproef het bestaan uit alle verpleegspersoneel werksaam in die intensiewesorg-eenhede in die gespesifiseerde hospitale binne die studie vermeld . ’n Gerieflikheids-steekproef is uitgevoer. ‘n Goedgestruktueerde vraelys met hoofsaaklik geslote vrae is gebruik vir datainsameling en vraelyste was persoonlik deur die navorser ingeneem. ’n Loodsstudie wat 10% van die steekproef beslaan, (N= 21), is in een van die hospitale onderneem om sodoende die betroubaarheid van die vraelys te bevestig. Die 21 deelnemers was nie deel van die werklike studie nie. Die betroubaarheid en geldigheid van die betrokke studie is bevestig deur die statistikus en kenners in die verplegingsdepartement van sodanige inrigting. Data is voorgelê in die vorm van tabelle en histogramme. ’n Chi-vierkanttoets is gebruik om die statistiese-beduidends verwantskap tussen veranderlikes te toets. Spearman se rangorde (rho) korrelasie is gebruik om die sterkte van die verhouding tussen twee aaneenlopende veranderlikes aan te dui. Die bevindinge dui aan dat ontevredenheid oor salarisse, ‘n swak werksomgewing en organisatoriese faktore, sowel as fisiese en emosionele stres, asook ’n gebrek aan loopbaanontwikkeling, groot bepalers was van swak werkskwaliteit in terme van die twee voorgestelde doelwitte. Aanbevelings bestaan uit voorstelle vir beter salarisse, die skepping van loopbaangeleenthede en die daarstelling van ’n veilige, vriendelike, werksomgewing. Die doel is om ’n positiewe werksomgewing te skep en om die kwaliteit van werkslewe te verbeter.

Thesis (MCurr)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objectives of this study were to explore patients’ experiences about long waiting time at the Vanguard Community Health Care Centre in the Western Cape and to explore possible solutions for this problem from the patients’ perspective. A qualitative research approach was applied. A sample size of (n=12) was drawn from a total population of 2829 (N=2829) using a non-random convenient sampling technique. A semi-structured interview guide was designed based on the objectives of the study and validated by experts in the field before data collection took place. Approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee at the faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and from the facility manager of health centre where the study was to be undertaken. The presentation of the results was categorised into themes and sub-themes that emerged from the data analysis. According to the findings in chapter 4 the themes that emerged were: Causes of long waiting time Areas of concern where waiting occurs most Emotions experienced when waiting long for service Possible solutions to waiting long for service The findings support the conceptual framework developed for the purpose of this study which includes the Patient’s Bill of Rights, the Principles of Batho Pele, Quality Care, Patients’ Representation and Patient satisfaction. The results of the study suggests that the conceptual framework needs to be implemented as a guideline to address the problems of long waiting time with the input from the participants’ opinions about possible solutions to be incorporated to the problem of long waiting time at the community health centre. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelwitte van die studie was om pasiente se gevoelens oor lang wagtye by Vanguard Gemeenskapsgesondheidsentrum in die Wes-Kaap te ondersoek en om moontlike oplossings vir hierdie probleem vanaf die pasient se perspektief te bepaal ‘n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering is gebruik. ‘n Steekproefgrootte van (n=12) is verkry vanaf ‘n totale bevolking van 2829 (N= 2829) deur die gebruik van ‘n nie-ewekansige gerieflike steekproefneming tegniek. ‘n Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoudgids is ontwerp gebaseer op die doelwitte van die studie. Die onderhoudgids is geldig bevind deur spesialiste in die gebied voor data insameling plaasgevind het. Goedkeuring vir die studie is verkry van die Etiese Komitee by die Fakulteit Gesondheidswetenskappe, Stellenbosch Universiteit en van die bestuurder van die gesondheidsentrum waar die studie uitgevoer sou word. Resultate is rangskik in temas en subtemas wat afgelei is van die data analise. Die volgende temas is bepaal vanuit Hoofstuk 4 se bevindinge: Redes vir lang wagtye Areas waar lang wagtye voorkom Emosies ondervind wanneer lank gewag moet word vir diens Moontlike oplossings vir lang wagtye Die bevindinge ondersteun die konseptuele raamwerk ontwikkel vir die doel van die studie wat die Handves van Regte vir pasiente, die beginsels van Batho Pele, Kwaliteitsorg, Pasient verteenwoordiging en Pasienttevredenheid insluit. Die bevindinge van die studie dui aan dat die konseptuele raamwerk geimplementeer moet word as riglyn om die probleme wat ervaar word met lang wagtye aan te spreek. Die deelnemers se menings oor moontlike oplossings moet deel moet wees van die aanspreek van die probleem van lang wagtye in die gemeenskapsgesondheidsentrum.

Thesis (MCurr)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Child mortality is a worldwide problem and, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), 8,1 million children under the age of five years die each year. The Millennium Development Goals focus on the worldwide reduction in child mortality by two-thirds between 2000 and 2015. Several studies show that worldwide Community Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (CIMCI) interventions by community care workers (CCWs) have a positive effect on child health. The goal of this study was to determine the factors influencing CIMCI in the rural areas of the West Coast District in the Western Cape of South Africa. The objectives for this study were to determine the factors influencing CIMCI carried out in rural areas by the CCWs, which were identified as: • having working hours that are adequate for such a comprehensive service package; • being adequately trained; • having adequate knowledge of the “16 Key Family Practices” of CIMCI; • having equipment that is adequate for the execution of their daily duties; • being able to cope with the challenges of working in rural and remote areas; and • receiving adequate supervision and support related to CIMCI. A descriptive, non-experimental exploratory research design with a quantitative approach was applied. The target population (N = 270) consisted of CCWs who are funded by the Provincial Government of the Western Cape (PGWC) in the West Coast District. For this study a response rate of 257 (95,18%) was obtained. Data was collected personally by the researcher with a self-administered questionnaire. The data was analysed with the assistance of a statistician and are presented in histograms and frequency tables. The participants were tested on their knowledge of CIMCI, and more than half of them achieved an average score that was not satisfactory. Statistically significant correlations were found between the participants’ total score achieved and highest school grade passed (p < 0. 01); their level of Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP) training (p < 0.01); their attendance of the CIMCI five-day course (p < 0.00); and if they had done a refresher course on CIMCI (p < 0.00). The total score was also shown by the Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.01) to have a direct relationship with whether they had received any health-related training after school. The conclusion that can be drawn is that the higher the level of education of the CCWs, the better their knowledge of CIMCI. This could also improve their work performance. The recommendations arising from this study include that CIMCI training should be standardised to ensure that the CCWs have adequate knowledge. The current policy on community-based services (CBS) of the Provincial Government Western Cape Department of Health should also be standardised to ensure adequate working hours, training, equipment and supervision, and to take into consideration the challenges of working in rural areas. In conclusion, should these recommendations be implemented, CIMCI will have a huge, positive impact on child morbidity and mortality. CCWs will be ensured adequate working hours in relation to their workload, and will receive adequate training, equipment and supervision. This will reduce the challenges CCWs face and strengthen their services in rural areas. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kindersterftes is wêreldwyd ’n probleem en volgens die Wêreldgesondheidsorganisasie sterf 8,1 miljoen kinders onder die ouderdom van vyf jaar elke jaar. Die Millenniumontwikkelings-doelwitte fokus daarop om kindersterftes tussen 2000 en 2015 met twee-derdes te verminder. Verskeie studies toon dat intervensies deur middel van Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes deur gemeenskapsorgwerkers die wêreld oor ’n positiewe effek op kindergesondheid het. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die faktore te bepaal wat Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes in die landelike gebiede van die Weskusdistrik in die Wes-Kaap van Suid-Afrika beïnvloed. Die doelwitte vir hierdie studie was om die faktore te bepaal wat beïnvloed hoe Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes in die landelike gebiede deur gemeenskapsorgwerkers uitgevoer word, wat soos volg uiteengesit is: • werksure wat voldoende is vir die omvattende pakket dienste wat aangebied word; • dat hulle voldoende opgelei is; • dat hulle voldoende kennis het van die “16 Sleutel Familiepraktyke” van Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes; • dat hulle die nodige toerusting besit wat voldoende is vir die uitvoer van hulle daaglikse pligte; • dat hulle raad weet met die uitdagings van werk in landelike en afgeleë gebiede; en • dat hulle voldoende toesig en ondersteuning met betrekking tot Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes ontvang. ’n Beskrywende, nie-eksperimentele verkennende navorsingsontwerp met ’n kwantitatiewe benadering is gebruik. Die teikenbevolking (N = 270) het bestaan uit gemeenskapsorgwerkers wat deur die Provinsiale Regering van die Wes-Kaap in die Weskusdistrik befonds word. Vir hierdie studie is ’n responstempo van 257 (95,18%) verkry. Die data is persoonlik deur die navorser deur middel van ’n selftoepastoets ingesamel. Die data is met behulp van ’n statistikus geanaliseer en word deur middel van histogramme en frekwensietabelle voorgestel. Die deelnemers is getoets op grond van hulle kennis van Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes, en meer as die helfte het ’n gemiddelde telling behaal wat nie bevredigend is nie. Statisties beduidende korrelasies is verkry tussen die deelnemers se totale telling en die hoogste skoolgraad behaal (p < 0.01); hulle vlak van Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP) opleiding (p < 0.01); hulle bywoning van die vyfdaagse Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes kursus (p < 0.00); en of hulle ’n opknappingskursus oor Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes gedoen het (p < 0.00). Die totale telling is deur die Mann-Whitney U-toets (p < 0.01) gewys om ’n direkte verwantskap te hê met of hulle enige gesondheidsverwante opleiding ná skool ondergaan het. Die gevolgtrekking is dat hoe hoër die gemeenskapsorgwerkers se vlak van opvoeding, hoe beter hulle kennis van Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes. Dit sou ook hulle werkverrigting kon verbeter. Die aanbevelings wat uit hierdie studie spruit, sluit in dat Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes-opleiding gestandaardiseer moet word om te verseker dat gemeenskapsorgwerkrs voldoende kennis het. Die huidige beleid van die Provinsiale Regering van die Wes-Kaap oor gemeenskapsgebaseerde dienste moet ook gestandaardiseer word om te verseker dat hulle toereikende werksure, opleiding, toerusting en toesig het, en om die uitdagings van werk in landelike gebiede in ag te neem. Ter afsluiting: sou hierdie aanbevelings geïmplementeer word, sal Gemeenskapsgeïntegreerde Bestuur van Kindersiektes ‘n groot, positiewe impak op kindermorbiditeit en kindersterftes hê. Gemeenskapsorgwerkers sal van voldoende werksure met betrekking tot hulle werklas verseker wees, en sal voldoende opleiding, toerusting en toesig ontvang. Dit sal die uitdagings verminder waarvoor hulle te staan kom en hulle dienste in landelike gebiede versterk.

Thesis (MCurr)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The availability and provision of good antenatal care services ensure early detection and prompt management of any complication or disease that may adversely affect pregnancy outcome. To ensure high quality care, an ongoing health education and empowerment of pregnant women with pregnancy related information, need to be provided by midwives throughout pregnancy. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to explore the pregnant women`s experiences and perceptions regarding health education given during the antenatal period. The objectives set were to - explore the content of the health education given to pregnant women by midwives during the antenatal period - determine whether the health education offered by midwives is understood by pregnant women - determine whether information regarding Health Education during antenatal period is applicable and is used by pregnant women. A qualitative approach with an explorative descriptive design was applied for the purpose of this study. The population included pregnant women who attended an antenatal clinic for the second time in 2012. Ten pregnant women were selected purposively who consented to participate in the study. The trustworthiness of this study was assured by using Lincoln and Guba`s criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. A pretest was done with one participant not included in the actual study. Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at Stellenbosch University, reference: S12/05/136. Informed written consent was obtained from each participant which included a recording of the interview. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews using an interview guide and a tape recorder. The researcher approached two women per day for five days. A total of ten (10) pregnant women were interviewed until data saturation reached. The use of Tesch's eight steps of data analysis was used to analyse the transcribed data as described in De Vos et al. (2004:331). Findings revealed that health education was given to pregnant women at the institution under study but with minimum explanations. The midwives were perceived as supportive and regarded as a source of information and self-care agents. Antenatal attendance was regarded as important by participants. Participants indicated that their unborn babies were monitored by the midwives in order to detect abnormalities early. However, midwives emphasised non-pregnancy related complications specifically HIV/AIDS and neglected to give basic antenatal care, such as antenatal exercises, personal hygiene and diet. Language was found to be a barrier and contributed to a lack of information. Recommendations include basic antenatal aspects to be covered in the health education, such as emphasis on personal hygiene, exercises, diet and avoidance of harmful sociocultural practices. With the implementation of appropriate teaching principles language, age and involvement of influential people during health education should be considered. In conclusion, to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality rates and promoting self-care reliance, antenatal care services should be accessible to facilitate ongoing health education by midwives throughout pregnancy. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die beskikbaarheid en voorsiening van goeie voorgeboortesorgdienste verseker die vroeë en vinnige bestuur van enige komplikasie of siekte wat swangerskap-uitkomste nadelig mag beïnvloed. Om hoë gehalte sorg te verseker, moet gesondheidsvoorligting en bemagtiging van swangervroue rakende swangerskap inligting deurlopend deur vroedvroue verskaf word. Die doel van hierdie studie was om vervolgens die swangervrou se ervaringe en persepsies ten opsigte van gesondheidsopvoeding gedurende die voorgeboortelike stadium te ondersoek. .Die doelwitte soos gestel was om: - die inhoud van die gesondheidsvoorligting wat deur vroedvroue gedurende die voorgeboorte periode aan swangervroue verskaf word, te ondersoek - te bepaal of die gesondheidsvoorligting wat verskaf word deur vroedvroue deur swangervroue verstaan word - vas te stel of die ligting aan swangervroue gepas is en te bepaal of dit toegepas word deur swangervroue. ’n Kwalitatiewe benadering met ’n beskrywende ontwerp is vir die doel van hierdie studie toegepas. Die populasie het swangervroue ingesluit wat ’n voorgeboortekliniek vir die tweede keer gedurende 2012 besoek het. Tien vrouens is doelgerig geselekteer wat daartoe ingestem het om aan die navorsing deel te neem. Die betroubaarheid van hierdie studie was verseker deur van Lincoln en Guba se kriteria van geloofwaardigheid, oordraagbaarheid, betroubaarheid en bevestigbaarheid gebruik te maak. ’n Loodsondersoek was met een deelnemer wat nie in die werklike studie ingesluit was nie, gedoen. Etiese goedkeuring is verkry van die Etiese Komitee van die Fakulteit van Geneeskunde en Gesondheidswetenskappe aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch, verwysing: S12/05/136. Ingeligte skriftelike toestemming is verkry van elke deelnemer wat ook ’n opname van die onderhoud ingesluit het. Data is ingesamel deur van semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude gebruik te maak met behulp van ’n onderhoudsgids en ’n bandopnemer. Die gebruik van Tesch se ag stappe van data-analise is gebruik om die getranskribeerde data te analiseer (De Vos et al., 2004:331). Bevindinge het getoon dat gesondheidsvoorligting wel aan swangervroue by die inrigting onder die soeklig met die minimum verduidelikings verskaf is. Die vroedvroue is as ondersteunend en as ’n bron van inligting, asook as selfsorgagente waargeneem. Voorgeboorte bywoning is as belangrik deur deelnemers gesien. Deelnemers het aangedui dat hulle ongebore babas gemonitor is deur vroedvroue om abnormaliteite vroeg op te spoor. Nietemin, vroedvroue het nie-verwante swangerskap komplikasies, spesifiek MIV/VIGS beklemtoon en het nagelaat om aandag te gee aan basiese voorgeboortesorg soos voorgeboorte oefeninge, persoonlike higiëne en dieet. Daar is bevind dat taal ’n hindernis is en dat dit bygedra het tot ’n gebrek aan inligting. Aanbevelings sluit in basiese voorgeboorte aspekte wat gedek moet word in gesondheidsvoorligting, soos die beklemtoning van persoonlike higiëne, oefeninge, dieet en die vermyding van nadelige sosio-kulturele praktyke. Met die implimentering van doeltreffende onderrigbeginsels moet taal, ouderdom en die betrokkenheid van invloedryke mense gedurende gesondheidsvoorligting in ag geneem word. Ten slotte, om moeder-morbiditeit en-mortaliteitsyfers te verminder en selfsorgvertroue te bevorder, behoort voorgeboortesorgdienste toeganklik te wees, sodat vroedvroue volgehoue gesondheidsvoorligting tydens swangerskap kan fasiliteer.