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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

ComposiÃÃo quÃmica,atividade fitonematicida e inseticida de Tipi (Petiveria alliaceae) / Chemical composition,activity fitonematicida and insecticide of Tipi(Petiveria alliaceae)

Josà Noberto Sousa Bezerra 02 March 2006 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Este trabalho descreve o estudo dos componentes volÃteis e nÃo volÃteis das raÃzes de Petiveria alliaceae, incluindo as atividades nematicida e inseticida do Ãleo essencial. Para o estudo quÃmico, fitonematicida e inseticida utilizou-se as raÃzes da planta, das quais foram obtidos o Ãleo essencial e os constituintes nÃo-volÃteis. Do Ãleo essencial das raÃzes foram identificados os seguintes componentes: benzaldeido (61,5%) (constituinte majoritÃrio) dissulfeto de dibenzila (18,1%), transestilbeno (14,1%) e cinamaldeido (6,3%), sendo que esses dois Ãltimos compostos tambÃm foram isolados atravÃs de cromatografia em camada delgada preparativa e identificados por RMN 1H e 13C. O tratamento cromatogrÃfico dos extratos etanÃlico, acetato de etila e hexÃnico permitiu o isolamento de uma mistura de duas mercaptanas, dissulfeto de dibenzila e o trissulfeto de dibenzila, dissulfeto de dibenzila, uma alantoina e a sacarose, que pela primeira vez foram isoladas das raÃzes de Petiveria alliaceae. As mercaptanas isoladas sÃo conhecidas na literatura por suas atividades fungicidas e nematicida. O Ãleo essencial extraÃdo das raÃzes de P. alliaceae e seus constituintes foram submetidos aos ensaios de atividades nematicida contra larvas de Meloidogyne incÃgnita (nematÃide de galhas) e inseticida contra a Mosca branca (Bemisia tabaci) inseto do feijÃo (Callosobruchus maculatus). Os Ãleos essenciais obtidos de P. alliaceae coletadas nas duas localidades diferentes apresentaram significantes atividades inseticida e nematicida. Os constituintes isolados tiveram suas estruturas elucidadas atravÃs de mÃtodos espectromÃtricos de IV, EM, RMN 1H e 13C uni e bidimensionais (COSY, HMQC e HMBC). / This work describes the study of the volatile and the non-volatile components from the roots of Petiveria alliaceae, including the nematicidal and insecticidal activities of the essential oil. The following components were identified in the essential oil: benzaldehyde as the major constituent (61, 5 %), cinnamaldehyde (6, 3%), dibenzyl disulphide (18, 1%), transstilbene (14, 1%). The two last compounds were also isolated through a chromatography in a preparative thin layer identified by RMN 1H and 13C. The isolation of a mixture of two mercaptans, benzyl disulphide and dibenzyl trisulphide, saccharose and allantoin, which were isolated for the first time from the Petiveria alliaceae, was permitted by the chromatographic treatment of the ethyl acetate, hexane, and ethanolic extracts. The isolated mercaptans are known in literature for their fungicide and insecticide activities. The constituents of the essential oil, extracted from the roots of Petiveria alliaceae, were submitted to the nematicidal activities against Meloidogyne incognita larva, insecticide against white fly (Bemisa tabaci) and insect of the beans (Callosobruchus maculatos). Significant insecticidal and nematicidal activities were present in the essential oil from the P. alliaceae, collected in two different localities. The isolated constituents had their structure elucidated through spectrometric methods of IV, EM, RMN 1H and 13C uni and bi-dimensional (COSY, HMQC and HMBC)

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