Student Number : 9000040F - M Dentistry research report - Faculty of Health Sciences / This study assessed the sagittal soft-tissue changes of the lower lip and chin area in 22 patients subsequent to mandibular autorotation following surgical vertical impaction of the maxilla. A subgroup of six patients in addition had undergone advancement genioplasty procedures. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken immediately prior to surgery and on average 15 months following surgery. Sixteen cephalometric landmarks were identified on each radiograph and these were digitized using a Kontron Videoplan Image Analysis System to enable differences reflecting changes to be assessed. The comparison between those cases that had had maxillary elevation only and the six cases that had received additional advancement genioplasty procedures revealed statistically significant differences in relation to the proportional changes in the chin area. Therefore, when studying the soft-tissue chin changes following mandibular autorotation, these six patients were excluded from the sample. It was found that there was no significant difference in the lower lip response between the two groups and therefore when studying the lower lip changes, the two groups could be pooled. The soft-tissue changes in the chin area showed statistically and clinically significant correlations. In the horizontal plane, a ratio of 0.9:1 was found for the changes between sulcus inferior and point B, between soft-tissue pogonion and hard-tissue pogonion, and between soft-tissue gnathion and hard-tissue gnathion. In the vertical dimension, soft-tissue gnathion followed hard-tissue gnathion in a ratio of 0.9:1, whereas soft-tissue menton followed hardtissue menton in a ratio of 1:1. In the study of the lower lip response, a significant correlation with a ratio of 1:1 existed for the horizontal change in the lower lip as measured at labrale inferius relative to both lower incisor tip and lower incisor anterius. In the vertical dimension, stomion inferius followed lower incisor anterius in a ratio of 1.3:1, while labrale inferius followed lower incisor anterius in a ratio of 1.5:1. Multiple regression analyses revealed that presurgical tissue thickness exerted no influence upon the strength of the correlations between changes expressed at corresponding soft- and hard-tissue landmarks located in the lower lip and soft-tissue chin area. Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that the soft-tissue to hard-tissue ratios may be applied to prediction tracings with enhanced confidence. As a result, the tracings will reflect a more accurate prediction of the lower lip and soft-tissue chin positions following autorotation of the mandible.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:04:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_dms_dr_jabo.pdf: 1143415 bytes, checksum: 7843840bf97b7416bc1a691477c985bc (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade da água e as alterações patológicas em brânquias, fígado e rim de peixes. Utilizou-se 57 exemplares, sendo 32 tilápias e 25 tambacus de seis pisciculturas do município de Itapecuru Mirim, MA. Para avaliação microbiológica da água, realizou-se o método “colilert” que analisa simultaneamente coliformes totais e Escherichia coli e o “simplate” para bactérias heterotróficas. Já para as brânquias o método foi o de enxaguadura, onde o líquido recolhido foi semeado em PCA e após incubação as colônias contadas e realizou-se a coloração de Gram para caracterização da microbiota. Os fragmentos dos órgãos foram incluídos em parafina para análise histopatológica. A água das pisciculturas apontou a presença de coliformes totais, E. coli e bactérias heterotróficas, turbidez elevada, pH reduzido e os valores de fosfato aumentados. Nas branquiais houve predomínio de cocos Gram-positivos. As alterações identificadas nas brânquias foram fusão lamelar, hiperplasia interlamelar, edema sub-epitelial e telangiectasia. No fígado havia congestão, hemorragia, necrose de hepatócitos e tecido pancreático, esteatose, inflamação do hepatopâncreas, bilirrubina intracitoplasmática nos hepatócitos, melanina e hemossiderina e hialinização. No rim notou-se esteatose, necrose coagulativa, edema intersticial, hemorragia focal e intersticial, nefrite, néfron imaturo, hialinização e melanomacrófagos com hemossiderina e melanina. As alterações teciduais podem estar associadas à ação de poluentes e de agentes biológicos presentes no ambiente aquático. / The aim of this paper was to evaluate the water microbiologic quality and pathological in gills, liver, and kidney of fishes which were collected from different pounds to microbiological and histological evaluations. It was used 57 fishes: 32 tilapia and 25 tambacu from six fish farms from Itapecuru Mirim, MA. For evaluation of total coliforms and Escherichia coli, the “colilert” method was used .and the simplate” method was use for heterotrophic bacteria. The gills were washed and the collected liquid was pipetted out in PCA plate. The colonies were characterized by smears stained by Gram method. The fragments of gills, liver and kidney were processed for paraffin imbedded. The results showed that the water from part of the fish farms presented presence of total coliform, E. coli, and heterotrophic bacteria. Other other hand the turbidity was high, the pH was low and the phosphate values were elevated in part of the fish farms. The microbiological of gills showed a predominance of Gram-positive coccus. The main alterations in gills were lamellar fusion, interlamelar hyperplasia, sub-epithelial edema and telangiectasy. In the liver there was congestion, hemorrhage, hepatocyte and pancreatic tissue necrosis, steatose, hepatopancreas inflammation, intra-cytoplasmatic bilirubin in the hepatocyte, melanin and hemossiderin and hyalinization. In the kidney was observed steatose, coagulate necrosis, interstitial edema, focal and interstitial hemorrhage, nephritis, immature nephron, hyalinization and melanomacrophages with hemossiderin and melanin. The tissue alterations can be associated to the pollutant and biologic agent action present in the aquatic environment.

Orientador: Flavio Ruas de Moraes / Banca: Marco Antonio de Andrade Belo / Banca: Ana Lúcia Abreu-Silva / Banca: Fabiana Pilarski / Banca: Luiz Augusto do Amaral / Resumo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade da água e as alterações patológicas em brânquias, fígado e rim de peixes. Utilizou-se 57 exemplares, sendo 32 tilápias e 25 tambacus de seis pisciculturas do município de Itapecuru Mirim, MA. Para avaliação microbiológica da água, realizou-se o método "colilert" que analisa simultaneamente coliformes totais e Escherichia coli e o "simplate" para bactérias heterotróficas. Já para as brânquias o método foi o de enxaguadura, onde o líquido recolhido foi semeado em PCA e após incubação as colônias contadas e realizou-se a coloração de Gram para caracterização da microbiota. Os fragmentos dos órgãos foram incluídos em parafina para análise histopatológica. A água das pisciculturas apontou a presença de coliformes totais, E. coli e bactérias heterotróficas, turbidez elevada, pH reduzido e os valores de fosfato aumentados. Nas branquiais houve predomínio de cocos Gram-positivos. As alterações identificadas nas brânquias foram fusão lamelar, hiperplasia interlamelar, edema sub-epitelial e telangiectasia. No fígado havia congestão, hemorragia, necrose de hepatócitos e tecido pancreático, esteatose, inflamação do hepatopâncreas, bilirrubina intracitoplasmática nos hepatócitos, melanina e hemossiderina e hialinização. No rim notou-se esteatose, necrose coagulativa, edema intersticial, hemorragia focal e intersticial, nefrite, néfron imaturo, hialinização e melanomacrófagos com hemossiderina e melanina. As alterações teciduais podem estar associadas à ação de poluentes e de agentes biológicos presentes no ambiente aquático. / Abstract: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the water microbiologic quality and pathological in gills, liver, and kidney of fishes which were collected from different pounds to microbiological and histological evaluations. It was used 57 fishes: 32 tilapia and 25 tambacu from six fish farms from Itapecuru Mirim, MA. For evaluation of total coliforms and Escherichia coli, the "colilert" method was used .and the simplate" method was use for heterotrophic bacteria. The gills were washed and the collected liquid was pipetted out in PCA plate. The colonies were characterized by smears stained by Gram method. The fragments of gills, liver and kidney were processed for paraffin imbedded. The results showed that the water from part of the fish farms presented presence of total coliform, E. coli, and heterotrophic bacteria. Other other hand the turbidity was high, the pH was low and the phosphate values were elevated in part of the fish farms. The microbiological of gills showed a predominance of Gram-positive coccus. The main alterations in gills were lamellar fusion, interlamelar hyperplasia, sub-epithelial edema and telangiectasy. In the liver there was congestion, hemorrhage, hepatocyte and pancreatic tissue necrosis, steatose, hepatopancreas inflammation, intra-cytoplasmatic bilirubin in the hepatocyte, melanin and hemossiderin and hyalinization. In the kidney was observed steatose, coagulate necrosis, interstitial edema, focal and interstitial hemorrhage, nephritis, immature nephron, hyalinization and melanomacrophages with hemossiderin and melanin. The tissue alterations can be associated to the pollutant and biologic agent action present in the aquatic environment. / Doutor

In den dargestellten wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten wurden neue Ansätze und Techniken entwickelt zu folgenden Fragestellungen: - Anwendbarkeit der 31P-MR-Spektroskopie zur Darstellung einer Gewebeischämie - Reproduzierbarkeit der MRT in der Messung linksventrikulärer Parameter zu Masse und Volumina bei dilatativer Kardiomyopathie - Eignung 2-dimensionaler MRT-Messmethoden zur Messung der linksventrikulären Parameter zu Masse und Volumina - Quantifizierung stenosierter Flächen mittels MRT bei hypertrophischer Kardiomyopathie und bei Aortenklappenstenose - Darstellung der entzündlichen Aktivität im Herzmuskel bei Myokarditis - Darstellung der entzündlichen Veränderungen bei kardialer Sarkoidose - Frühzeitige Darstellung des toxischen Myokardschadens nach Anthrazyklin-Therapie. Der Wert der MRT wurde in experimentellen und klinischen Studien im Vergleich zu etablierten Verfahren geprüft. Die Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, dass sich die physikalischen Möglichkeiten in klinisch anwendbare Untersuchungsprotokolle umsetzen lassen und bereits jetzt in der klinischen Routine eingesetzt werden können. / In the presented scientific works new approaches and techniques were developed for: - Application of 31P-MR spectroscopy in myocardial ischaemia - Reproducibility of MRI for the measurement of left ventricular parameter of mass and volume in dilated cardiomyopathy - Suitability of 2-dimensional MRI techniques for measuring left ventricular parameter of mass and volume in dilated cardiomyopathy - Quantification of stenotic orifices by MRI in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and aortic valve stenosis - Visualisation of the inflammatory activity of the myocardium in myocarditis - Visualisation of the inflammatory changes in cardiac sarcoidosis - Early visualization of the toxic myocardial injury after anthracycline therapy. The value of MRI was tested in experimental and clinical studies in comparison to established modalities. The results have shown that it is possible to transmit the physical possibilities into clinically applicable protocols and to apply them into clinical routine.