The Lonely Planet advises visitors to Granada, Spain to "turn off...into the cobbled alleys of Calderería Vieja or Nueva and in a few steps you've left Europe behind." La Calderería is known for its Arab influences and North African immigrant businesses. A tourist's ability to easily step off one continent and enter another realm demonstrates an imagined border between Europe and the Orient, especially North Africa, that is created by historical narratives, policy discourses and daily practices. The antagonism between an imagined white, Catholic and European Spain vis-à-vis its North African Muslim neighbors is fundamental to the history of the Spanish nation. This East/West divide has recently been recast as Moroccan immigration, inspired by proximity and colonial legacies, since the 1980s has made Moroccan the largest immigrant group by nationality in Spain. Supranational borders, neighborhoods and specific streets participate in an intense debate about cultural difference, based on a complicated mixture of racial, ethnic and religious categories. Concurrently, more regional autonomy within the Spanish state has led Andalusia to reclaim its Islamic heritage, especially in Granada where tourism is important economically. This has dovetailed with gentrification of the Albayzín. Both the appropriation of the Islamic period of Iberian history and the contemporary social exclusion of Moroccan immigrants are realized through Orientalism. In La Calderería, tea, souvenirs, male Moroccan vendors, Western female tourists, pavement, cultural conservation, public space ordinances and police surveillance create a site where public and private space blurs and ‘practical orientalism’ constitutes subjects performing and resisting the identities prescribed to them.

The Lonely Planet advises visitors to Granada, Spain to "turn off...into the cobbled alleys of Calderería Vieja or Nueva and in a few steps you've left Europe behind." La Calderería is known for its Arab influences and North African immigrant businesses. A tourist's ability to easily step off one continent and enter another realm demonstrates an imagined border between Europe and the Orient, especially North Africa, that is created by historical narratives, policy discourses and daily practices. The antagonism between an imagined white, Catholic and European Spain vis-à-vis its North African Muslim neighbors is fundamental to the history of the Spanish nation. This East/West divide has recently been recast as Moroccan immigration, inspired by proximity and colonial legacies, since the 1980s has made Moroccan the largest immigrant group by nationality in Spain. Supranational borders, neighborhoods and specific streets participate in an intense debate about cultural difference, based on a complicated mixture of racial, ethnic and religious categories. Concurrently, more regional autonomy within the Spanish state has led Andalusia to reclaim its Islamic heritage, especially in Granada where tourism is important economically. This has dovetailed with gentrification of the Albayzín. Both the appropriation of the Islamic period of Iberian history and the contemporary social exclusion of Moroccan immigrants are realized through Orientalism. In La Calderería, tea, souvenirs, male Moroccan vendors, Western female tourists, pavement, cultural conservation, public space ordinances and police surveillance create a site where public and private space blurs and ‘practical orientalism’ constitutes subjects performing and resisting the identities prescribed to them.

The Lonely Planet advises visitors to Granada, Spain to "turn off...into the cobbled alleys of Calderería Vieja or Nueva and in a few steps you've left Europe behind." La Calderería is known for its Arab influences and North African immigrant businesses. A tourist's ability to easily step off one continent and enter another realm demonstrates an imagined border between Europe and the Orient, especially North Africa, that is created by historical narratives, policy discourses and daily practices. The antagonism between an imagined white, Catholic and European Spain vis-à-vis its North African Muslim neighbors is fundamental to the history of the Spanish nation. This East/West divide has recently been recast as Moroccan immigration, inspired by proximity and colonial legacies, since the 1980s has made Moroccan the largest immigrant group by nationality in Spain. Supranational borders, neighborhoods and specific streets participate in an intense debate about cultural difference, based on a complicated mixture of racial, ethnic and religious categories. Concurrently, more regional autonomy within the Spanish state has led Andalusia to reclaim its Islamic heritage, especially in Granada where tourism is important economically. This has dovetailed with gentrification of the Albayzín. Both the appropriation of the Islamic period of Iberian history and the contemporary social exclusion of Moroccan immigrants are realized through Orientalism. In La Calderería, tea, souvenirs, male Moroccan vendors, Western female tourists, pavement, cultural conservation, public space ordinances and police surveillance create a site where public and private space blurs and ‘practical orientalism’ constitutes subjects performing and resisting the identities prescribed to them. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

Finally, it is suggested that the divergent viewpoints on tourism which are often found may be related to the social positions and environments of the people concerned. Thus, in general, the effects of tourism on Ibiza have been disliked by some local and non-local people belonging to the non-commercial branches of the middle- and upper-classes - particularly by those local people whose relative wealth and status have tended to decline as a result of tourism, and by those outsiders or local people who distastefully associate the current changes with urban-industrial development elsewhere and with the rise of "vulgarity". In complete contrast, the overwhelming majority of Ibizans (including - interestingly - the older generations of country-people) associate the past with economic "misery" and with socio-cultural "backwardness"; and they are actively (though not uncritically) assisting in the transformation of their own society which has been made possible by mass tourism.

Spain currently represents one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. Tourism is its important economic sector that is strongly reflected in the Spanish economy. Therefore an apparent interest could be noticed in maintain Spain competitive in the field of tourism not only in Mediterranean destinations but Europe-wide or world-wide as well. To understand the current state of tourism in this country it is neccessary to result from historical context and understand the current problems and their causes well by thus. Spanish competent institutions do realise this and new products and forms of tourism are being conswquently expanded now. Another impulse is a change of motivation of participants, which could be designated as being different in the 21st century. Consequently the traditional forms of tourism are insufficient to meet their needs. Especially the mainland of Spain is diverse and the great conditions for creating new forms of tourism ? cultural, rural, sports, business ? could be found there. For Czech clients Spain represents very popular destination for sea holidays. The thesis will focus on the mainland of Spain to determine whether the travel agencies take due account of new forms of tourism expansion in Spain whether these are included in their portfolios and whether Czech clients...

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities. / Department of Government and Public Administration

This thesis presents analysis of the organization of tourism policy in Spain. The thesis is structured into four chapters. First part of the thesis is devoted to description of tourism importance to the Spanish economy by using macroeconomic indicators, further presents Spain as an international tourist destination. Next part of the thesis explains various current trends and factors, which have influence on supply and demand of tourism and introduce new forms of tourism. Third chapter focuses on theoretical approaches to tourism policy in general. The thesis concludes with an analysis of tourism policy in Spain. This part involves characteristics of tourism organisation and governance, instruments and goals of tourism policy in Spain.

Má diplomová práce se zabývá marketingovou strategií hotelu Medplaya Hotel Bali, což je tříhvězdičkový hotel, který se nachází v těsné blízkosti města Málaga ve Španělsku. Je tvořen třemi připojenými budovami, které tvoří moderní rekreační komplex. Teoretická část definuje pojmy související s marketingovou strategií, které pak slouží ke zpracování analytické části. Na základě výsledků výzkumu dotazníků a základních analýz vnitřních a vnějších faktorů budou navržena doporučení pro rozvoj a zlepšení služeb Medplaya Hotel Bali.