Humanist thinking on development embraces a people-centred view in which people are considered active agents for change in society. However, the nature and success of public participation in development is a contentious and widely debated issue in international planning and development literature. Simultaneously, realities in planning practice such as the effectiveness and influence of public participation on decision making seems to be daunting. In South Africa public participation is a constitutional right and enforced by planning legislation. Although post-apartheid South African legislation devised strategies to increase the participation of the public on all spheres of government, the nature of participation seems to be contradictive and regarded by numerous authors to be ad hoc, incremental, unstructured, unbalanced and uncoordinated. While good intentions were laid by the Constitution and development legislation and policies, these documents do not necessarily ensure effectiveness of participation, nor create a culture of participation. The aims of the research were thus twofold: firstly, to determine the outcome of public participation in planning applications and secondly, to evaluate the effectiveness of public participation against the background of the current legislative framework in order to enable a greater inclusion of participation in planning. The research followed a quantitative approach and included an in-depth study of statutory town planning applications in Tlokwe Local Municipality completed over a period of sixteen years. The inclusion of both periods before and after democratisation in South Africa shed some light on whether the effectiveness of public participation increased or declined during this period. A database was compiled on the detail of applications and included the type of application, location, legislation involved, public participation involved, objections (if any), rebuttals on objections and the outcome of the application. To organise and summarize the raw data gathered, a descriptive statistical analysis was undertaken. Although participation of the public is needed in town planning applications and enforced by legislation in South Africa, the public’s view that their contribution through objections is not effective was negated by the research. For example, objections (as one indication of the effectiveness of public participation) did not feature prominently (only 6, 3% of applications had objections), but these showed efficacy to influence the outcome of the applications. Overall this research provided a first step towards a better understanding of the effectiveness of public participation towards improved and more inclusive decision making. / MArt et Scien (Urban and Regional planning), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Humanist thinking on development embraces a people-centred view in which people are considered active agents for change in society. However, the nature and success of public participation in development is a contentious and widely debated issue in international planning and development literature. Simultaneously, realities in planning practice such as the effectiveness and influence of public participation on decision making seems to be daunting. In South Africa public participation is a constitutional right and enforced by planning legislation. Although post-apartheid South African legislation devised strategies to increase the participation of the public on all spheres of government, the nature of participation seems to be contradictive and regarded by numerous authors to be ad hoc, incremental, unstructured, unbalanced and uncoordinated. While good intentions were laid by the Constitution and development legislation and policies, these documents do not necessarily ensure effectiveness of participation, nor create a culture of participation. The aims of the research were thus twofold: firstly, to determine the outcome of public participation in planning applications and secondly, to evaluate the effectiveness of public participation against the background of the current legislative framework in order to enable a greater inclusion of participation in planning. The research followed a quantitative approach and included an in-depth study of statutory town planning applications in Tlokwe Local Municipality completed over a period of sixteen years. The inclusion of both periods before and after democratisation in South Africa shed some light on whether the effectiveness of public participation increased or declined during this period. A database was compiled on the detail of applications and included the type of application, location, legislation involved, public participation involved, objections (if any), rebuttals on objections and the outcome of the application. To organise and summarize the raw data gathered, a descriptive statistical analysis was undertaken. Although participation of the public is needed in town planning applications and enforced by legislation in South Africa, the public’s view that their contribution through objections is not effective was negated by the research. For example, objections (as one indication of the effectiveness of public participation) did not feature prominently (only 6, 3% of applications had objections), but these showed efficacy to influence the outcome of the applications. Overall this research provided a first step towards a better understanding of the effectiveness of public participation towards improved and more inclusive decision making. / MArt et Scien (Urban and Regional planning), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

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L'altération de l'environnement liée aux activités humaines a ouvert un nouveau débat, tant les conséquences, qu'elles soient à long terme comme à court terme, sont potentiellement graves, et vont jusqu’à remettre en cause, sinon la pérennité de l'Humanité, du moins ses modes de vie contemporains, conduisant à réfléchir à la perspective d'un développement durable. De portée générale et pratique, cette notion peut se décliner dans sur de nombreux objets, dont la ville, qui serait un champ d’application privilégié du développement durable et un terreau propice à l'émergence d'innovations. Dans ce contexte, on constate que les écoquartiers apparaissent comme des lieux privilégiés où fabriquer la ville durable : ils constitueraient même des laboratoires d’expérimentation et de diffusion de l'innovation. Parmi les différents thèmes de la durabilité urbaine, la mobilité, qui entretien des liens particulièrement forts avec la question de l’aménagement, est ressortie comme source d'enjeux particulièrement forts du point de vue de la durabilité ! La question centrale de la thèse est de comprendre les modalités qui régissent, dans le cadre de la fabrication d'écoquartiers, la conception d'innovations portant la mobilité durable. Partant d'un survey de la littérature, d'une étude des dossiers de candidature des lauréats aux Palmarès EcoQuartier, et d'études de cas, cette thèse montre, à travers une approche systémique, qu'il existe des dynamiques favorables à l’innovation. Elle permet aussi de montrer que l’innovation est à rechercher dans les synergies et les liens tissés entre tous les acteurs. / The alteration of the environment due to human activities has opened a new debate, as the consequences, whether in the long term as in the short term are potentially catastrophic. The consequences of the global warming, and go up to question, if not the survival of Humanity, at least its contemporary lifestyles, are leading the Humanity to consider the perspective of sustainable development. From general and practical significance, this concept of “sustainable development” can be divided in on many items – including the city – which would be a fertile ground for the emergence of innovations. In this context, we see that the eco-neighborhoods (french: “écoquartiers”) appear as privileged places where sustainable cities are designed and constructed. Moreover, they even constitute laboratories which permit experimentation and diffusion of innovation. Among the themes of urban sustainability, mobility entertains particularly strong ties to the question of urban planning. She has emerged as a source of particularly strong challenges from the perspective of sustainability! The central question of this thesis is to understand the terms and conditions which rule, during the production of eco-neighborhood, the way to design innovations in relation to sustainable mobility. Starting from a survey of the literature, a study of the applications forms of the winners to the “Palmarès EcoQuartier” and case studies, this thesis shows, through a systemic approach, that favorable dynamics to the innovation exists. This research will also demonstrates that innovation is to look for in the synergies and the links between all the stakeholders of the urban design.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / This thesis is an attempt to define the role of the circus and crescent relative to their influence upon British town planning. In this study both of these forms have been examined in light of their spiritual and aesthetic qualities, not only isolated, self-sustaining structures, but as nuclei of a greater urban organization. The unique contribution made by these forms upon British town planning during the 18th and 19th centuries can be seen in the appearance of the free space-form, a totally new concept in the articulation of exterior urban space. The dissertation does not pretend to be an exhaustive chronological history of the circus and crescent from their inception at Bath during the 18th century. Instead, the author has examined certain examples of these forms which have been principally characterized by the exploitation of free space in the urban scene, and which have influenced the directional continuum in the formation of urban space [TRUNCATED]

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1983.

This study seeks to provide an overview of the intra-urban population movement of the Malay ethnic group. It deals specifically with the housing decisions of the Malay middle-class in the context of the rapidly expanding conventional housing market. The study deals with family life-cycle, housing search, housing and locational choice, home ownership, and the spatial outcome of residential mobility. The study examines the factors leading to housing relocation amongst the Malay middle-class households. The aim of the study is to assess the relative importance of household characteristics and socio-cultural factors in determining the residential mobility of the Malay middle-class in Kuala Lumpur. The analysis of the study is based on a survey undertaken by the author in 1989 which examines the factors leading to the households' housing relocation decisions and subsequent adjustments to the new neighbourhood environment. The findings of the study indicate that the desire for home ownership is the paramount reason while the need for more space plays an important supporting role. A large majority of the moving households preferred a mixed-community neighbourhoods, perhaps reflecting the multi-ethnic character of Kuala Lumpur. In addition, many of these households placed a high value on residential areas with positive environmental and neighbourhood attributes. The study concludes that the established residential areas in the Western sector of the city, notably residential areas in Damansara, Bangsar and Taman Tun Dr. Ismail are the most sought-after neighbourhoods. Such neighbourhoods confer not only high socio-economic status, but also high environmental quality attributes.

This paper is an exploration of how the foundations of the land use planning system in Britain originally rooted in altruist reform and in bettering society has evolved within the context of the modern environmental agenda. This paper examines how the planning system has been changing and what further change may be required in order to cope with current environmental challenges, particularly in dealing with societal adaptation to climate change.

This paper is an exploration of how the foundations of the land use planning system in Britain originally rooted in altruist reform and in bettering society has evolved within the context of the modern environmental agenda. This paper examines how the planning system has been changing and what further change may be required in order to cope with current environmental challenges, particularly in dealing with societal adaptation to climate change.