published_or_final_version / Physics / Master / Master of Philosophy

University of Macau / Faculty of Science and Technology. / Department of Computer and Information Science

Lee Kuen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 123-128). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- The Minority Game: A Review --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1 --- The basic MG --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- The basic features of MG --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3 --- Crowd-Anticrowd Theory --- p.15 / Chapter 2.4 --- Some variation on the Minority Game --- p.20 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- The Thermal Minority Game (TMG) --- p.20 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- The Evolutionary Minority Game (EMG) --- p.21 / Chapter 3 --- The Minority Game with different payoff functions --- p.23 / Chapter 3.1 --- Review --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Models of Savit et al [48] --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Results --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2 --- Applying Crowd-anticrowd theory to the models --- p.27 / Chapter 4 --- The Minority Game with k-sided imitation in regular net- works --- p.33 / Chapter 4.1 --- Review --- p.34 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- 1-sided follow-action model --- p.34 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Results --- p.36 / Chapter 4.2 --- Follow-action model --- p.37 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- 2-sided model --- p.37 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Results --- p.38 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- k-sided model and results --- p.40 / Chapter 4.3 --- Follow-strategy model --- p.43 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- 1-sided and 2-sided models --- p.43 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Results --- p.45 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- k-sided model and results --- p.47 / Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.51 / Chapter 5 --- One-lane traffic flow models --- p.53 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.54 / Chapter 5.2 --- NS dynamics --- p.56 / Chapter 5.3 --- FI dynamics --- p.60 / Chapter 6 --- One-lane traffic flow models with anticipation effects --- p.63 / Chapter 6.1 --- Review --- p.64 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Model using NS dynamics --- p.64 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Results --- p.65 / Chapter 6.2 --- Models using FI dynamics --- p.65 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Models --- p.65 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Results and Discussion --- p.68 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Mean Field Theory --- p.76 / Chapter 6.3 --- Summary --- p.89 / Chapter 7 --- Two-route Models with Global Information --- p.91 / Chapter 7.1 --- Review: Two-route model with global information using NS dynamics --- p.92 / Chapter 7.1.1 --- Announcing transit time as global information --- p.92 / Chapter 7.1.2 --- Results --- p.93 / Chapter 7.2 --- Announcing instantaneous average speed model using NS dy- namics [87] --- p.95 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- Model --- p.95 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Results --- p.95 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Discussion --- p.99 / Chapter 7.3 --- Two-route models with global information using FI dynamics --- p.103 / Chapter 7.3.1 --- Models --- p.103 / Chapter 7.3.2 --- Results --- p.105 / Chapter 7.3.3 --- Discussion --- p.110 / Chapter 7.4 --- Summary --- p.120 / Chapter 8 --- Conclusion --- p.121 / Bibliography --- p.123

In the continuum modeling of traffic networks, a macroscopic cost-flow function (MCF) and macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) can be used to represent the fundamental relationships between traffic quantities such as speed, flow, and density. The MCF governs the steady-state cost-flow relationship, whereas the MFD represents the instantaneous inter-relationship between speed, flow, and density of traffic streams. This thesis explores the influence of network topologies on the MCF and MFD. The Hong Kong road system is divided into unit-sized road networks with various physical characteristics for which the network structure and signal timings are reserved. By universally scaling the origin-destination (OD) matrices of the morning peak, traffic conditions ranging from free-flow to congestion are created for microscopic simulation. From the simulation results, an MCF that relates the average journey time and the number of vehicles traveling through the network in one hour and an MFD that relates space to the mean speed and average density aggregated across 300s intervals are derived. The MCF and MFD are calibrated with mathematical models for each network. The density of roads, junctions, and signal junctions all influence the value of the macroscopic parameters in the MCF and MFD, and predictive equations are constructed that relate the macroscopic parameters to the network topological characteristics. Based on the fitting performance of the mathematical models, recommendations are made for selecting MCF and MFD models for continuum modeling. / published_or_final_version / Civil Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / abstract / Urban Planning and Environmental Management / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

At head of cover title: Australian Road Research Board / Bibliography: leaves 108-114 / xi, 114 leaves : ill ; 25 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, 1971

The development of connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technologies motivate modeling efforts and studies to understand CAVs' collective behaviors on public roads. In this thesis, we study CAV traffic flows through macroscopic models under two mathematical frameworks: the nonlocal conservation laws and the mean field games.The nonlocal conservation law models incorporate traffic information in a nonlocal range into each vehicle's driving control. We study one such model with a finite spatial nonlocal range, and demonstrate that proper use of the nonlocal information will offer better traffic stability. We also discuss numerical computation of the model that is robust under the changes of the nonlocal range. The mean field game models consider strategic interactions between CAVs, assuming each vehicle anticipates future traffic conditions and plans its driving control to minimize a predefined driving cost. A systematic approach is developed to derive the model, solve the model, and test the equilibrium solution. We take this approach in several traffic scenarios for CAVs on a single road or on a network, and demonstrate that proper design of the CAV driving cost function can lead to more efficient and stable traffic flows than human traffics. The established results in the thesis will bring more mathematical understandings on the proposed and studied models. The results may also provide insights on how to utilize the vehicle connectivity and automation to improve the overall traffic, and help to the CAV driving algorithm design.

The ever increasing traffic congestion being experienced on urban freeways has caused attention to be focused on methods for improving traffic operations on these facilities. The reduction or elimination of freeway congestion can be handled in two basic ways: 1) by increasing the freeway's capacity defined as the number of vehicles per unit time that can pass a given point in one lane of the freeway multiplied by the number of lanes on the freeway, or 2) by decreasing the traffic loads imposed on these freeways. Monumental costs and adverse public relations are involved in the construction of either new freeways or additional lanes in urban areas to increase freeway capacity. Due to these factors, the move in recent years has been toward decreasing traffic loads to accomplish the goals of reduction or elimination of freeway congestion. In an effort to combat the freeway congestion, traffic researchers have devoted much time and effort to the theoretical and practical aspects of systems in which controlled access is utilized to prevent or reduce congestion caused by traffic demands in excess of freeway operational capacity. Such systems perform the function of 'freeway surveillance and control'. An important aspect of these systems is the control mechanism used for the regulation of the ramp traffic to the freeway. This topic of ramp metering is the subject of this report.

Thesis. 1979. Ph.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Alfred P. Sloan School of Management. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND DEWEY. / Bibliography: leaves 141-150. / Ph.D.

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