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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

SIMULATION AND HEURISTIC SCHEDULING OF GROUND TRAFFIC AT AN AIRPORT

PRATHY, PRAVEEN KUMAR 06 October 2004 (has links)
No description available.
2

Addressing connectivity challenges for mobile computing and communication

Shi, Cong 27 August 2014 (has links)
Mobile devices are increasingly being relied on for computation intensive and/or communication intensive applications that go beyond simple connectivity and demand more complex processing. This has been made possible by two trends. First, mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, are increasingly capable devices with processing and storage capabilities that make significant step improvements with every generation. Second, many improved connectivity options (e.g., 3G, WiFi, Bluetooth) are also available to mobile devices. In the rich computing and communication environment, it is promising but also challenging for mobile devices to take advantage of various available resources to improve the performance of mobile applications. First, with varying connectivity, remote computing resources are not always accessible to mobile devices in a predictable way. Second, given the uncertainty of connectivity and computing resources, their contention will become severe. This thesis seeks to address the connectivity challenges for mobile computing and communication. We propose a set of techniques and systems that help mobile applications to better handle the varying network connectivity in the utilization of various computation and communication resources. This thesis makes the following contributions: We design and implement Serendipity to allow a mobile device to use other encountered, albeit intermittently, mobile devices to speedup the execution of parallel applications through carefully allocating computation tasks among intermittently connected mobile devices. We design and implement IC-Cloud to enable a group of mobile devices to efficiently use the cloud computing resources for computation offloading even when the connectivity is varying or intermittent. We design and implement COSMOS to provide scalable computation offloading service to mobile devices at low cost by efficiently managing and allocating cloud computing resources. We design and implement CoAST to allow collaborative application-aware scheduling of mobile traffic to reduce the contention for bandwidth among communication-intensive applications without affecting their user experience.
3

Optimization and uncertainty handling in air traffic management / Optimisation et gestion de l'incertitude du trafic aérien

Marceau Caron, Gaetan 22 September 2014 (has links)
Cette thèse traite de la gestion du trafic aérien et plus précisément, de l’optimisation globale des plans de vol déposés par les compagnies aériennes sous contrainte du respect de la capacité de l’espace aérien. Une composante importante de ce travail concerne la gestion de l’incertitude entourant les trajectoires des aéronefs. Dans la première partie du travail, nous identifions les principales causes d’incertitude au niveau de la prédiction de trajectoires. Celle-ci est la composante essentielle à l’automatisation des systèmes de gestion du trafic aérien. Nous étudions donc le problème du réglage automatique et en-ligne des paramètres de la prédiction de trajectoires au cours de la phase de montée avec l’algorithme d’optimisation CMA-ES. La principale conclusion, corroborée par d’autres travaux de la littérature, implique que la prédiction de trajectoires des centres de contrôle n’est pas suffisamment précise aujourd’hui pour supporter l’automatisation complète des tâches critiques. Ainsi, un système d’optimisation centralisé de la gestion du traficaérien doit prendre en compte le facteur humain et l’incertitude de façon générale.Par conséquent, la seconde partie traite du développement des modèles et des algorithmes dans une perspective globale. De plus, nous décrivons un modèle stochastique qui capture les incertitudes sur les temps de passage sur des balises de survol pour chaque trajectoire. Ceci nous permet d’inférer l’incertitude engendrée sur l’occupation des secteurs de contrôle par les aéronefs à tout moment.Dans la troisième partie, nous formulons une variante du problème classique du Air Traffic Flow and Capacity Management au cours de la phase tactique. L’intérêt est de renforcer les échanges d’information entre le gestionnaire du réseau et les contrôleurs aériens. Nous définissons donc un problème d’optimisation dont l’objectif est de minimiser conjointement les coûts de retard et de congestion tout en respectant les contraintes de séquencement au cours des phases de décollage et d’attérissage. Pour combattre le nombre de dimensions élevé de ce problème, nous choisissons un algorithme évolutionnaire multiobjectif avec une représentation indirecte du problème en se basant sur des ordonnanceurs gloutons. Enfin, nous étudions les performances et la robustesse de cette approche en utilisant le modèle stochastique défini précédemment. Ce travail est validé à l’aide de problèmes réels obtenus du Central Flow Management Unit en Europe, que l’on a aussi densifiés artificiellement. / In this thesis, we investigate the issue of optimizing the aircraft operators' demand with the airspace capacity by taking into account uncertainty in air traffic management. In the first part of the work, we identify the main causes of uncertainty of the trajectory prediction (TP), the core component underlying automation in ATM systems. We study the problem of online parameter-tuning of the TP during the climbing phase with the optimization algorithm CMA-ES. The main conclusion, corroborated by other works in the literature, is that ground TP is not sufficiently accurate nowadays to support fully automated safety-critical applications. Hence, with the current data sharing limitations, any centralized optimization system in Air Traffic Control should consider the human-in-the-loop factor, as well as other uncertainties. Consequently, in the second part of the thesis, we develop models and algorithms from a network global perspective and we describe a generic uncertainty model that captures flight trajectories uncertainties and infer their impact on the occupancy count of the Air Traffic Control sectors. This usual indicator quantifies coarsely the complexity managed by air traffic controllers in terms of number of flights. In the third part of the thesis, we formulate a variant of the Air Traffic Flow and Capacity Management problem in the tactical phase for bridging the gap between the network manager and air traffic controllers. The optimization problem consists in minimizing jointly the cost of delays and the cost of congestion while meeting sequencing constraints. In order to cope with the high dimensionality of the problem, evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms are used with an indirect representation and some greedy schedulers to optimize flight plans. An additional uncertainty model is added on top of the network model, allowing us to study the performances and the robustness of the proposed optimization algorithm when facing noisy context. We validate our approach on real-world and artificially densified instances obtained from the Central Flow Management Unit in Europe.

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