Spelling suggestions: "subject:"transfrontier conservation"" "subject:"ransfrontier conservation""
11 |
Community participation and sustainable development in the establishment of the |Ai-|Ais/Richtersveld Transfrontier Conservation ParkMyburgh, Kozette 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is titled "Community participation and sustainable development in
the establishment of the IAi-IAis/Richtersveld Transfrontier Conservation
Park". lt encompasses the area and stakeholders on the South African side of
the Transfrontier Conservation Park (TFCP), which falls within the
Richtersveld municipal area. lt covers the whole process of the development
of the IAi-IAis/Richtersveld TFCP, from its Conceptual Phase to the signing of
the International Treaty to formally establish the IAi-IAis/Richtersveld TFCP1
.
This development is expected to hold numerous benefits for the stakeholders
that are involved in its process, especially job creation through increased
tourism. lt is an exceptional project, as the main stakeholders are the
communities who are the legal landowners of the Richtersveld National Park.
The management structure of the IAi-IAis/Richtersveld TFCP allows full
participation by the local communities through elected members from the four
towns in the surrounding area (Khuboes, Eksteenfontein, Lekkersing and
Sanddrift) as well as local pastoralists.
The theoretical approach that will be used in this study is that of sustainable
development. The key components required for sustainable social, economic,
and environmental development will be discussed, and are used as yardsticks
against which the actual process of establishment of the TFCP will be
'measured'. Participation is regarded as a main aspect of sustainable
development and is highlighted in this study.
The methodology that was employed included interviewing and participant
observation as well as an in-depth documentary analysis of aspects of the
TFCP. The benefits and value of the methods used is discussed, as well as
the limitations of the study. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die titel van die studie is "Community participation and sustainable
development in the establishment of the IAi-IAis/Richtersveld Transfrontier
Conservation Park". Dit omvat die area en rolspelers aan die Suid-Afrikaanse
kant van die oorgrenspark, wat binne die Richtersveld Munisipale area val. Dit
dek die volledige proses van die ontwikkeling van die oorgrenspark, vanaf die
Konsepsuele Fase tot en met die ondertekening van die lnternasionale
Verdrag om die IAi-IAis/Richtersveld Oorgrenspark formeel tot stand te bring2
.
Die verwagting is dat hierdie ontwikkeling veelvoudige voordele sal inhou vir
diegene wat in die proses betrokke is, veral deur middel van werkskepping as
gevolg van toenemende toerisme. Dit is 'n besondere projek aangesien die
hoofrolspelers, die gemeenskappe, die wettige grondeienaars van die
Richtersveld Nasionale Park is. Die bestuurstruktuur van die oorgrenspark
laat volle deelname deur die gemeenskappe toe deur verkose lede van die
vier dorpies in die area (Kuboes, Eksteenfontein, Lekkersing en Sanddrift)
asook plaaslike veeboere.
Die teoretiese benadering wat in hierdie studie gevolg word is 'volhoubare
ontwikkeling'. Die hoofkomponente wat vereis word vir volhoubare sosiale,
ekonomiese, en omgewingsontwikkeling word bespreek en word as
maatstawwe gebruik waarteen die werklike proses van die totstandkoming
van die IAi-IAis/Richtersveld oorgrenspark 'gemeet' word. Deelname word
beskou as die hoofkomponent van volhoubare ontwikkeling en word uitgelig in
hierdie studie.
Die metodologie wat toegepas is, sluit onderhoudvoering, deelnemende
waarneming en indiepte dokumentere analise van aspekte van die
oorgrenspark in. Die voordele en waarde van hierdie metodes word bespreek,
asook die beperkinge van die studie.
|
12 |
An assessment of the implications of law, policy and institutional arrangements for community participation in transfrontier conservation in southern Africa.Dhliwayo, Mutuso. January 2007 (has links)
Proponents and advocates of transfrontier conservation in southern Africa have postulated rural communities living adjacent to conservation areas as one of the main determinants of the success of such initiatives and thus they should be potential beneficiaries along with the state and the private sector. This assertion is reflected in the various memoranda of understanding (MOU), treaties, policies and agreements establishing transfrontier conservation initiatives. For community participation to be effective, the laws, policies and institutions establishing transfrontier conservation in southern Africa must lead to the empowerment of these rural communities who commonly subsist on local natural resources and perceive them as opportunities to earn a living. I derive a principle and set of criteria and indicators that are used to analyse the legal, policy and institutional framework and its implications for community participation and empowerment in transfrontier conservation in southern Africa. The Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park provides a case study. I argue that while provisions for community participation are made in the laws, policies and institutions under which transfrontier conservation is being initiated and implemented in the region, they are not sufficiently prescriptive about empowering communities to secure commitment from conservation agencies to enable communities to effectively participate in transfrontier conservation. It is suggested that as presently defined, the laws, policies and institutions may lead to community disempowerment from transfrontier conservation, as they allow too much scope for interpretations that weaken options for censure where agencies are not demonstrating commitment to community participation and empowerment in conservation. / Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2007.
|
13 |
Elephant movements and human-elephant conflict in a transfrontier conservation areaVon Gerhardt-Weber, Katharina E. M. 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MScConEcol)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this thesis I explore how elephant movements are impacted by human activity within
the context of the proposed Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA
TFCA) in southern Africa. Being a wide-ranging species, the movements of elephants
could be an excellent indicator as to the success of TFCAs in supporting species
persistence in an anthropogenic matrix. Understanding which areas beyond protected area
boundaries are of heightened conservation importance can provide managers and
governments with insights for the management of the elephant population of KAZA
TFCA, and assist managers and governments in prioritising conservation efforts.
Satellite radio collar data were used to model long-range elephant movement within
KAZA TFCA. Movement was compared between land use types (protected and nonprotected
areas). Home ranges, core areas and seasonal ranges were calculated from
collar data. Core and non-core areas were tested for significant differences in distance to
settlements, rivers, protected area, AFRI and elevation as these spatial and ecological
variables are believed to play a role in elephant habitat selection. Short-range elephant
movements were examined in a heterogeneous, patchy landscape mosaic of settlements
and agricultural fields, remnant forest patches, and secondary forests which were
surrounded on three sides by protected areas. Elephant penetration of the anthropogenic
matrix through the use of pathways was explored through ground-based surveys, and the
impact of pathways use on human-elephant conflict calculated.
I found that elephant behavioural plasticity allows for their persistence in a spatially
heterogeneous landscape. Elephants, especially bulls, penetrated the landscape matrix
beyond protected area boundaries. Land use planning initiatives are needed to identify
and protect reachable core zones/stepping stones of quality habitat outside of protected
areas, particularly in riparian zones. Differing male and female ranging behaviour within
the landscape matrix may require separate land use management strategies: bulls travelled
at night in non-protected areas at speeds that were four times faster than in protected
areas, and made use of core zones necessary for species persistence in a fragmented
landscape. A habitat corridor in the Zambian West Zambezi Game Management Area
was identified.
I found that during short range movements in heterogeneous environments, elephants
made use of pathways. Pathways may facilitate penetration of the anthropogenic matrix
and optimize foraging strategies by connecting predictable resources, such as crop fields,
with landscape features such as preferred shelter/ resting areas, crossing points at roads
and preferred drinking spots. Pathways were found to be the only significant spatial
variable in crop-raiding. Elephants foraged randomly while in homogenous crop patches,
but when travelling through a heterogeneous environment (entering or leaving
agricultural locales), movement was directional and non-random.
Lastly I suggest that crop attractiveness may be enhanced by water availability. Results
indicated that at both the landscape and the regional scale, repeat elephant movements to
core zones and along elephant pathways provided landscape ecological variables that
need to be considered by conservation managers in land use planning. In addition,
research on spatial awareness and navigational capabilities with regards to pathway use by elephants should be encouraged, as this research topic has been largely unexplored in
the scientific literature. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis verken ek die moontlike impak van menslike aktiwiteite op olifant
beweging binne die beoogde Kavango-Zambezi Oorgrens Bewaringsarea (KAZA TFCA)
in suider-Afrika. Olifante is wydlopende spesies, en dus kan hul ruimtelike strekking ‘n
uitstekende indikator wees van die sukses van oorgrens bewaringsareas in terme van die
ondersteuning wat dié programme bied om spesies se volharding in ‘n antropogeniese
matriks te verseker. Besturrders en regerings kan insig verkry deur te besef watter areas
buiten die in beskermde gebiede, van verhoogde bewarings belang in KAZA TFCA is.
Hierdie insig verleen ook bystand aan bestuurders en regerings met die prioritisering van
bewarings inisiatiewe. Satelliet-radio nekband data was gebruik om olifante se
langtermyn ruimtelike beweging binne die KAZA TFCA te modelleer. Olifant beweging
was vergelyk tussen verskillende grondgebruik tipes (beskermde en onbeskermde areas).
Tuistestrekking, kern areas asook seisoenale strekking was bereken vanaf nekband data.
Kern en nie-kern areas was getoets vir betekenisvolle verskille in afstand vanaf
nedersettings, riviere, berskermde gebiede, AFRI, en hoogte bo seevlak, omdat hierdie
ruimtelike en ekologiese veranderlikes ‘n belangrike rol mag speel in olifant habitat
seleksie. Kortafstand olifant bewegings was bestudeer in ‘n heterogene, gelapte landskap
mosaïek van nedersettings en landbougrond, oorblywende woudareas, en sekondêre
woude waarvan drie sye grens aan bekermde areas. Olifant indringing binne die
antropogeniese matriks deur die gebruik van weë/toegangsweë was verken deur middel
van landgebaseerde opnames, waarvolgens die impak van olifante se gebruik van hierdie
paaie op mens-olifant konflik bereken kon word.
My bevindinge wys dat plastisiteit in olifant gedrag dra by tot hul voortbestaan in ‘n
ruimtelik heterogene landskap. Olifante, maar meer spesifiek olifantbulle, penetreer wel
die landskap matriks buite beskermde area grense. Grondgebruik beplannings inisiatiewe
word dus benodig om bereikbare kern areas van kwaliteit habitat buite beskermde areas te
identifiseer en te beskerm – veral in rivieroewer sones. Verskille in bul en koei ruimtelike
strekking gedrag binne die landskap matriks, mag afsonderlike bestuur stratgieë vereis:
bv. bulle beweeg vier keer vinniger in die aand in onbeskermde areas teenoor in
beskermde gebiede, daarby maak hulle ook gebruik van kern areas wat kardinaal is vir
die voortbestaan van spesies in gefragmenteerde landskappe. ‘n Habitat deurgang was
geïdentifiseer in die Zambiese Wes-Zambesie Wildbestuurarea. Die studie het gevind dat
olifante gedurende kortafstand bewegings in heterogene omgewings gebruik maak
toegangsweë. Toegangsweë mag penetrasie van die antropogeniese matriks fasiliteer, en
verleen ook dat olifant weidingstrategieë die optimum bereik deur voorspelbare
hulpbronne soos gewaslanderye te konnekteer met landskap eienskappe soos voorrang
skuiling/rusareas, kruisingspunte by paaie, asook voorrang drinkplekke. Toegangsweë
was gevind om die enigste betekenisvolle ruimtelike veranderlike in gewasstrooptogte te
wees. Olifante wei lukraak in homogene gewaslanderye, maar in teenstelling, wanneer
hulle deur ‘n heterogene omgewing beweeg het (binnegang of uittog uit landbou
lokaliteite) was die beweging gerig. Laastens, die studie stelvoor dat gewas aantreklikheid verhoog kan word deur water beskikbaarheid. Resultate dui aan dat by
beide die landskap- en streekskaal verskaf herhaalde olifant beweging na kern areas en
langs olifants togangsweë, landskap ekologiese veranderlikes wat in ag geneem moet
word deur bewaringsbestuurders tydens grondgebruik beplanning. Bykomend, navorsing
op die ruimtelike bewustheid en navigasie vermoëns van savannah olifante met
betrekking tot die gebruik van toegangsweë, moet aangemoedig word aangesien hierdie
onderwerp grootliks onverken is in wetenskaplike literatuur.
|
14 |
Boundless: Conservation and Development on the Southern African Frontier / Conservation and Development on the Southern African FrontierLauermann, Paul David 12 1900 (has links)
x, 117 p. : ill. (some col.) / This thesis interrogates the transfrontier conservation areas (TFCA) program of southern Africa. Promoted since the mid-1990s as the solution to the vexing problems of environmental degradation and rural development in the region, these cross-border projects have attracted a broad coalition of supporters including public and private donor groups, regional politicians, and the international conservation community. Though a large academic literature surrounds the program, a holistic understanding of its development--and an accounting of its success--has yet to emerge. This thesis seeks to rectify this by probing the nature and structure of transfrontier discourse, positing the program's success as directly born of its appeal to a triad of interests composed of donors, national politicians, and the regional conservation community. Further, it is argued that the heavy marketing of the program as a "win-win" scenario for conservation and development has effectively displaced once popular community-based narratives/approaches. / Committee in charge: Dennis C. Galvan, Chair;
Alexander B. Murphy, Member;
Derrick Hindery, Member
|
15 |
The implications of transfrontier conservation areas : a comparative policy analysis study of sustainable development in South Africa between the great Limpopo transfrontier conservation area and Lubombo transfrontier resource areaShongwe, Lucas B 17 April 2007 (has links)
The dissertation is rooted in the implications of the policy on Transfrontier Conservation Areas. It is a comparative policy analysis study of sustainable development in South Africa between the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area and Lubombo Transfrontier Conservation Resource Area. Qualitative research methodology and theoretical analysis are used in this research. Qualitative research answers the question, “what is going on here?” (Bouma, 1996: 169). The research on the two Transfrontier Conservation Area is investigated through literature review and to a lesser extent by conducting face to face interviews with government officials dealing with the two Transfrontier Conservation Areas. The approach in the research is the Managerial approach. “The focus of the management approach is the improvement of the efficiency, effectiveness and economy of the public sector by the utilisation of techniques which were once regarded purely appropriate to the private profit sector” (Parsons, 1995: 479). The dissertation also examine the effects of the two TFCA’s in question on Ecotourism, Economic growth and the conservation of biodiversity for sustainable development in South Africa within the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) initiative. Chapter one is the introduction, the rationale for the dissertation, background and objectives of the study. Chapter two is the theoretical framework in detail which define the managerial approach technique used in the research. Chapter three explain Sustainable Development. It looks at various arguments by the different school of thoughts. It also explains the link between the economy and the environment. In chapter four Environmental Economics and the TFCA’s are looked into as part of the aim of the dissertation to establish whether the policy of the TFCA’s on economic growth and sustainable development is viable or not. Chapter five examine Ecotourism as one of the sub-themes of the dissertation. Ecotourism is defined and the value of ecotourism is examined. Integrated tourism plan is also discussed in the chapter in order to determine the effects of TFCA’s in question on ecotourism. Chapter six deals with the case study no. one of the dissertation which is the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area. It is an indepth study on this TFCA i.e. history of the region of these protected areas, management structures, zonation rivers, diseases etc. Chapter seven is a further expansion on the case study no. one and looks at the developmental aspects of the TFCA. Chapter eight deals with the second case study of the dissertation which is the Lubombo Transfrontier Conservation and Resource Area. It describes in detail the composite parts of this TFCA. It also looks at sociological, cultural and historical resources of the TFCA in question. Opportunities for development and the activities that can boost the economic growth of the region and the surrounding communities. Chapter nine is the concluding chapter of the dissertation which gives findings and recommendation of the dissertation. / Dissertation (MA(Political science))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Political Sciences / unrestricted
|
16 |
Mapping spatial requirements of ecological processes to aid in the implementation of corridorsMugwena, Thendo 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The ultimate goal of conservation planning is to ensure persistence of biodiversity. Biodiversity patterns and ecological processes are important aspects in conserving biodiversity. Although most researchers in conservation planning have focused on targeting biodiversity patterns, ecological and evolutionary processes can ensure persistence of biodiversity if incorporated into conservation planning. Ecological processes are the main drivers or sustainers of biodiversity. The aim of this research was to identify and map the spatial components of ecological processes in a portion of the Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area to aid in the implementation of biota movement corridors. Different methods have been used to identify suitable corridors but not much has been done on defining and mapping ecological processes that will ensure that the corridors maintain and generate biodiversity.
A thorough literature survey was done to make a list of ecological processes that are important in maintaining the biodiversity in the area. Spatial components of ecological processes were mapped as surface elements aligned along linear environmental interfaces or gradients. The last part of the research was to suggest suitable movement corridors based on ecological processes.
The results include five spatial components: riverine corridors, areas of high carbon sequestration, edaphic interfaces, upland-lowland interfaces and ecotones. Riverine corridors were mapped using a 1000 m buffer on either side of low lying rivers and 500 m buffer around rivers in the uplands. A map showing the carbon sequestration potential of vegetation in the study area was made using Moderate-Resolution Image Spectroradiometer (MODIS) derived NDVI data and the National Level Carbon Stock dataset done by the Woods Hole Research Center (WHRC) Pantropical. Edaphic interfaces were idenfied using by a 250 m buffer around contrasting soil types. Upland-lowland interfaces identified by a 250 m buffer along upland and lowland habitats. Classification of Landsat 8 was used to identify ecotones in the study area. The results of the spatial components were then compared with the habitat transformation map which shows populated areas. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die uiteindelike doel van bewaringsbeplanning is om voortbestaan van biodiversiteit te verseker. Biodiversiteitspatrone en ekologiese prosesse is belangrike aspekte in die bewaring van biodiversiteit. Alhoewel die meeste navorsers in bewaringsbeplanning fokus op teiken biodiversiteitspatrone, kan die voortbestaan van ekologiese en evolusionêre prosesse van biodiversiteit verseker word deur insluiting in bewaringsbeplanning. Ekologiese prosesse is die belangrikste drywers, of onderhouers, van biodiversiteit. Die doel van hierdie navorsing was dus om die ruimtelike komponente van ekologiese prosesse in 'n gedeelte van die Kavango Zambezi oorgrensbewaringsgebied te identifiseer en te karteer om te help met implementering van biota bewegingsdeurlope. Verskillende metodes is al gebruik om gepaste deurlope te identifiseer, maar min navorsing is gedoen oor definisie en kartering van ekologiese prosesse om te verseker dat die deurlope biodiversiteit sal onderhou en genereer.
'n Deeglike literatuurstudie is gedoen om 'n lys op te stel van ekologiese prosesse wat belangrik is in die handhawing van biodiversiteit in die gebied. Ruimtelike komponente van ekologiese prosesse is gekarteer as oppervlak elemente gebonde aan lineêre omgewingskoppelvlakke of gradiënte. Die laaste deel van die navorsing was om geskikte bewegingsdeurlope, gebaseer op ekologiese prosesse, voor te stel. Die resultate sluit vyf ruimtelike komponente in: rivierdeurlope, gebiede van hoë koolstofsekwestrasie, edafiese koppelvlakke, hoogland-Laeveld koppelvlakke en grensekotone. Rivierdeurlope is gekarteer met behulp van 'n 1000 meter buffer aan weerskante van laagliggende riviere en 500 meter buffer rondom riviere in die hooglande. ‘n Kaart wat die koolstofsekwestrasiepotensiaal van plantegroei in die studie area toon is gemaak met behulp van Moderate-Resolution Image Spectroradiometer (MODIS) afgeleide NDVI data en ʼn koolstofvoorraaddatastel (National Level Carbon Stock dataset) voorsien deur die Woods Hole Research Center (WHRC). Pantropiese edafiese koppelvlakke is geïdentifiseer met behulp van 'n 250 meter buffer rondom kontrasterende grondtipes. Hoogland-Laeveld koppelvlakke is geïdentifiseer deur 'n 250 meter buffer langs die berg en laagland habitatte. Klassifikasie van Landsat 8 data is gebruik om ekotone in die studie area te identifiseer. Die resultate van die ruimtelike komponente is vergelyk met die habitattransformasiekaart wat bevolkte gebiede toon.
|
17 |
Transboundary conservation - towards an institutional framework for integrated management : a case study of the Ndumo-Tembe-Futi transfrontier conservation area.Blok, Robert Edmund. January 2005 (has links)
No abstract available. / Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.
|
Page generated in 0.4004 seconds