Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-05-30T17:17:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marinaivanovpereirajosue.pdf: 1327137 bytes, checksum: 2b404732ed5a5dd800a9c7adb3194f8f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-06-01T11:35:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marinaivanovpereirajosue.pdf: 1327137 bytes, checksum: 2b404732ed5a5dd800a9c7adb3194f8f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T11:35:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marinaivanovpereirajosue.pdf: 1327137 bytes, checksum: 2b404732ed5a5dd800a9c7adb3194f8f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-30 / Atualmente o conteúdo hipermídia pode ser entregue utilizando diferentes tecnologias de rede, como a TV Digital terrestre por satélite, IPTV e Web. Por isso, as máquinas de apresentação hipermídia devem levar em conta as especificidades dessas redes suportadas, de modo a prover os níveis de QoS/QoE esperados pelo usuário do conteúdo. Máquinas de apresentação avançadas podem empregar também a análise de conteúdo para auxiliar na tarefa de manutenção dos níveis de QoE. De modo especial, quando o conteúdo hipermídia inclui dados enviados por pull, as máquinas de apresentação podem criar um Plano de Pré- Busca baseado no comportamento da apresentação extraído da especificação do conteúdo. Entretanto, quando o conteúdo hipermídia inclui dados enviados por push, a análise do conteúdo deve ser transferida para o lado do servidor e se basear na construção de um Plano de Transmissão de Conteúdo. O Plano de Transmissão de Conteúdo é uma estrutura de dados que prevê os instantes em que objetos de mídia devem ser transmitidos, e por quanto tempo, para otimizar o uso de recursos fim-a-fim como largura de banda e espaço de armazenamento nos receptores. Este trabalho propõe um framework para gerenciamento da entrega de conteúdo hipermídia em modo push. O framework é genérico o suficiente para ser adaptável a diferentes cenários de entrega de conteúdo que podem empregar diferentes protocolos e técnicas de gerenciamento. Alguns cenários de instanciação do framework e seus respectivos resultados são discutidos nesta dissertação. / Nowadays hypermedia content may be delivered using different networking technolo- gies, such as terrestrial broadcasting, satellite, IPTV and the Web. Therefore hypermedia presentation engines must be designed taking into consideration the specificities of their supported networks, in order to provide the expected QoS/QoE levels. Advanced pre sentation engines should also employ hypermedia content analysis to help on the task of maintaining QoE levels. Specifically, when the hypermedia content includes pulled data, presentation engines may create a Content Prefetching Plan based on the presentation behavior learned from the specification of that content. However, when the hypermedia content includes pushed data, this content analysis should be transferred to the server side and be taken as a basis for building the so-called Content Transmission Plan. The Content Transmission Plan is a data structure that predicts the time when media objects should start to be transmitted and for how long, in order to optimize end-to-end resource usage such as communication bandwidth and storage space in receivers. This work pro poses a framework for managing the push-mode delivery of hypermedia content. The framework is generic enough to be instantiated over different content delivery scenarios that may employ different protocols and management techniques. Several instantiation scenarios and their respective results are also discussed in this dissertation.

The growth of electricity markets around the world has introduced new challenges in which one of the challenges is the uncertainty that has become a structural element in this new environment. Market players have to deal with it to guarantee the appropriate power system planning and operation as well as its own economical liquidity. Under an open access environment in a deregulated power system, transmission management holds a vital role in supporting transactions between suppliers and customers. Nevertheless, a transmission network has some constraints that should be addressed in order to ensure sufficient control to maintain the security level of a power system while maximizing market efficiency. The most obvious drawback of transmission constraints is a congestion problem that becomes an obstacle of perfect competition among the market participants since it can influence spot market pricing. The system becomes congested when the supplier and customer agree to produce and consume a particular amount of electric power, but this can cause the transmission network to exceed its thermal limits. Congestion can cause the market players to exercise market power that can result in price volatility beyond the marginal costs. Thus, it is important to manage congestion efficiently in the design of a power market. One mechanism that has direct correlation with transmission management is market clearing price (MCP). Under an open access environment, energy prices throughout the network will be different and measured based on transmission constraint and network losses. When network losses are ignored and there is no congestion on the transmission lines, the power price will be the same at all nodes. This is known as uniform marginal pricing (UMP). However, as the power flow violates transmission constraints, redispatching generating units is required and this will cause the price at every node to vary. This phenomenon is defined as locational marginal pricing (LMP). Therefore, the market clearing price has a strong relationship with transmission management, which is needed to be assessed in order to obtain an efficient and transparent price but satisfying all market participants. This project investigates an alternative solution to the dispatch mechanism, and then formulates a new Locational Marginal Price scheme using optimization technique that may well control congestion as the main issue. The model will vary and be improved, to be distilled into energy price, congestion revenue, cost of losses, as well as transmission usage tariff. The objective of the project is to support developing standard market design (SMD) in managing transmission systems which promotes economic efficiency, lowers delivered energy costs, maintains power system reliability and mitigates exercising market power.

The growth of electricity markets around the world has introduced new challenges in which one of the challenges is the uncertainty that has become a structural element in this new environment. Market players have to deal with it to guarantee the appropriate power system planning and operation as well as its own economical liquidity. Under an open access environment in a deregulated power system, transmission management holds a vital role in supporting transactions between suppliers and customers. Nevertheless, a transmission network has some constraints that should be addressed in order to ensure sufficient control to maintain the security level of a power system while maximizing market efficiency. The most obvious drawback of transmission constraints is a congestion problem that becomes an obstacle of perfect competition among the market participants since it can influence spot market pricing. The system becomes congested when the supplier and customer agree to produce and consume a particular amount of electric power, but this can cause the transmission network to exceed its thermal limits. Congestion can cause the market players to exercise market power that can result in price volatility beyond the marginal costs. Thus, it is important to manage congestion efficiently in the design of a power market. One mechanism that has direct correlation with transmission management is market clearing price (MCP). Under an open access environment, energy prices throughout the network will be different and measured based on transmission constraint and network losses. When network losses are ignored and there is no congestion on the transmission lines, the power price will be the same at all nodes. This is known as uniform marginal pricing (UMP). However, as the power flow violates transmission constraints, redispatching generating units is required and this will cause the price at every node to vary. This phenomenon is defined as locational marginal pricing (LMP). Therefore, the market clearing price has a strong relationship with transmission management, which is needed to be assessed in order to obtain an efficient and transparent price but satisfying all market participants. This project investigates an alternative solution to the dispatch mechanism, and then formulates a new Locational Marginal Price scheme using optimization technique that may well control congestion as the main issue. The model will vary and be improved, to be distilled into energy price, congestion revenue, cost of losses, as well as transmission usage tariff. The objective of the project is to support developing standard market design (SMD) in managing transmission systems which promotes economic efficiency, lowers delivered energy costs, maintains power system reliability and mitigates exercising market power.

The growth of electricity markets around the world has introduced new challenges in which one of the challenges is the uncertainty that has become a structural element in this new environment. Market players have to deal with it to guarantee the appropriate power system planning and operation as well as its own economical liquidity. Under an open access environment in a deregulated power system, transmission management holds a vital role in supporting transactions between suppliers and customers. Nevertheless, a transmission network has some constraints that should be addressed in order to ensure sufficient control to maintain the security level of a power system while maximizing market efficiency. The most obvious drawback of transmission constraints is a congestion problem that becomes an obstacle of perfect competition among the market participants since it can influence spot market pricing. The system becomes congested when the supplier and customer agree to produce and consume a particular amount of electric power, but this can cause the transmission network to exceed its thermal limits. Congestion can cause the market players to exercise market power that can result in price volatility beyond the marginal costs. Thus, it is important to manage congestion efficiently in the design of a power market. One mechanism that has direct correlation with transmission management is market clearing price (MCP). Under an open access environment, energy prices throughout the network will be different and measured based on transmission constraint and network losses. When network losses are ignored and there is no congestion on the transmission lines, the power price will be the same at all nodes. This is known as uniform marginal pricing (UMP). However, as the power flow violates transmission constraints, redispatching generating units is required and this will cause the price at every node to vary. This phenomenon is defined as locational marginal pricing (LMP). Therefore, the market clearing price has a strong relationship with transmission management, which is needed to be assessed in order to obtain an efficient and transparent price but satisfying all market participants. This project investigates an alternative solution to the dispatch mechanism, and then formulates a new Locational Marginal Price scheme using optimization technique that may well control congestion as the main issue. The model will vary and be improved, to be distilled into energy price, congestion revenue, cost of losses, as well as transmission usage tariff. The objective of the project is to support developing standard market design (SMD) in managing transmission systems which promotes economic efficiency, lowers delivered energy costs, maintains power system reliability and mitigates exercising market power.