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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Resposta tecidual ao enxerto xenógeno inorgânico de osso bovino : avaliação histomorfológica e histomorfométrica /

Rodrigues, Thaís da Silveira. January 2009 (has links)
Resumo: Proposição: Avaliar a resposta tecidual ao enxerto xenógeno inorgânico de osso bovino, por meio de análise histomorfológica e histomorfométrica. Material e método: O enxerto foi obtido da costela de boi resfriada após 8 horas de sacrifício do animal e processado da seguinte maneira: imersão por 60 minutos em água oxigenada a temperatura ambiente, com trocas a cada 15 minutos; imersão em água oxigenada aquecida, a uma temperatura de 100ºC, por 30 segundos e resfriamento imediato com água destilada a uma temperatura variando de 6º a 8ºC; enxague em água destilada corrente por 6 horas; imersão em álcool 70º, 90º e 100º, respectivamente, sendo 15 minutos em cada álcool; esterilização em autoclave. Em seguida, 10 coelhos brancos (Nova Zelândia) foram utilizados, originando dois grupos: Grupo I - enxerto inserido no pavilhão auricular e Grupo II - enxerto inserido e fixado em tíbia. Decorridos 180 dias, foi realizado sacrifício dos animais por injeção excessiva de anestésico. Resultados: No Grupo I, o enxerto apresentou-se em íntimo contato com tecido subcutâneo. No Grupo II, o enxerto apresentou-se em justaposição com o leito ósseo receptor. E nos dois grupos havia espaços medulares preenchidos por medula óssea ativa e osso neoformado, além da ausência de osteócitos no osso bovino e presença destas células no osso neoformado, próximo aos espaços medulares. Conclusão: Em razão dos resultados obtidos o enxerto xenógeno inorgânico de osso bovino demonstrou biocompatibilidade, capacidade osteocondutora e discreta perda de volume, preenchendo requisitos importantes do material ideal para reconstrução óssea. / Abstract: Objective: To evaluate tissue response to inorganic bovine bone xenograft by histomorphological and histomorphometrical analyses. Material and methods: The bone grafts was obtained from cooled bovine rib 8 hours after slaughtering and were processed as follows: 60-minute immersion in hydrogen peroxide at room temperature, with changes at 15-minute intervals; 30-second immersion in hydrogen peroxide at 100ºC; immediate cooling with distilled water at temperatures ranging from 6º to 8ºC; rinsing in running distilled water for 6 hours; immersion in alcohol grades of 70º, 90º and 100ºGL (15-minute in each solution); autoclaving. Thereafter, 10 white New Zealand rabbits were distributed into two groups: Group I - graft inserted in the ear pavilion and Group II - graft inserted and fixed in the tibia. After 180 days, the animals were sacrificed by anesthetic overdose. Results: In Group I, the graft was in intimate contact with the subcutaneous tissue, while in Group II the graft was juxtaposed to the recipient site. Both groups presented medullar spaces filled with active bone marrow and newly formed bone. In addition, osteocytes were absent in the bovine bone graft and present in the newly formed bone, close to the medullar spaces. Conclusion: From the obtained results, the inorganic bovine bone xenograft showed biocompatibility. / Orientador: Wilson Roberto Poi / Coorientador: Idelmo Rangel Garcia Júnior / Banca: Osvaldo Magro Filho / Banca: Roberta Okamoto / Banca: José Luiz Rodrigues Leles / Banca: Eleonor Álvaro Garbin Júnior / Doutor
2

Craniofacial periosteal cell capacities /

Ochareon, Pannee, January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 205-223).
3

Ação da matriz inorgânica de osso bovino (Bonefill®) na neoformação óssea em ratos submetidos ao alcoolismo experimental: análise histológica e morfométrica / Action of inorganic bovine bone Matrix (Bonefill®) on bone formation in rats submitted to experimental alcoholism: histological and morphometric analysis

Borgo, Iris Jasmin Santos German 17 March 2016 (has links)
O desequilíbio no turnover ósseo decorrente dos efeitos do alcoolismo crônico está relacionado à apoptose dos osteócitos, diminuição da espessura do osso medular e cortical e pelas alterações na atividade e diferenciação de osteoblastos. Devido à necessidade de tratamentos regenerativos e reconstrutivos associado ao alcoolismo, os xenoenxertos tem providenciado uma possibilidade terapêutica como material de preenchimento de defeitos ósseos. Em vista disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o comportamento do biomaterial Bonefill® em defeitos críticos realizados em calvária de ratos, comparar a interferência do alcoolismo experimental na neoformação óssea, além de avaliar a influência do tipo de dieta líquida sobre a massa corporal dos animais. Foram utilizados 40 ratos machos (Rattus norvegicus) da linhagem Wistar, com 60 dias de idade, separados aleatoriamente em Grupo Controle (GC) os animais receberam água como dieta líquida e Grupo Experimental (GE) os animais receberam etanol a 25%, cada grupo composto por 20 ratos. O GC foi sub-dividido em GAC (Grupo Água Coágulo) correspondente ao defeito direito na calota craniana do animal e GAB (Grupo Água Biomaterial), defeito do lado esquerdo do animal. O GE foi sub-dividido em GEC (Grupo Etanol Coágulo) correspondente ao defeito direito da calota craniana e GEB (Grupo Etanol Biomaterial) defeito do lado esquerdo do animal. Foi realizada uma osteotomia circular de 5 mm de diâmetro no osso parietal direito e esquerdo. Os defeitos GAC e GEC foram preenchidos com coágulo sanguíneo e os defeitos GAB e GEB com osso bovino cortical inorgânico. Cinco animais de cada grupo foram eutanasiados nos períodos de 10, 20, 40 e 60 dias pós-cirúrgico. Os resultados da análise histológica mostraram que no período de 10 dias, no GAB e GEB as partículas do enxerto ósseo estavam circundadas por tecido de granulação e células inflamatórias, apresentou uma pequena formação de osso imaturo principalmente nas margens do defeito. No período de 20 dias foi obsevado presença de vasos sanguíneos e no GAB e GEB algumas partículas parcialmente circundadas por tecido ósseo neoformado. Os períodos de 40 e 60 dias exibiram áreas de formação óssea nas margens e ao redor de algumas partículas. O osso neoformado encontrava-se em um estágio mais avançado de remodelação, porém sem preenchimento completo do defeito e sem sinais de reabsorção da superfície do biomaterial. Na análise histomofométrica o percentual de formação óssea entre o GAC versus GEC e GAB versus GEB, para cada período experimental, não apontou diferença estatisticamente significante. Com relação à massa corporal o GC, nos períodos de 20, 40 e 60 dias pós-cirurgia a massa corporal aumentou, 7,9%, 6,6% e 14,1%, respectivamente. No GE ocorreu uma perda de 9,2% da massa corporal após 10 dias da cirurgia, e aos 40 e 60 dias ocorreu ganho de massa corporal de respectivamente 5,9% e 6,4% nos animais. Conclui-se que o biomaterial Bonefill® não promoveu uma maior neoformação óssea em defeitos críticos; a dieta alcoólica não atingiu os seus efeitos nocivos na formação óssea, e a dieta líquida de etanol, quando comparada à de água, interferiu negativamente na massa corporal dos animais. / The imbalance in bone turnover resulting from the effects of chronic alcoholism is related to apoptosis of osteocytes, decrease of trabecular and cortical bone thickness and changes in activity and differentiation of osteoblasts. Due to the need for regenerative and reconstructive treatments associated with alcoholism, xenografts has provided a therapeutic possibility as a filling material of bone defects. Therefore, the aims of this study were to analyze the Bonefill® biomaterial behavior in critical defects created on the calvaria of rats; to compare the interference of experimental alcoholism in bone formation, as well as to evaluate the influence of 2 type of liquid diet on animal body weight. 40 male Wistar rats were used (Rattus norvegicus), with 60 days of age. The rats were randomly separated into Control Group (CG, nº = 20), which received water as liquid diet and Experimental Group (EG, nº = 20), these rats consumed ethanol 25%. CG was subdivided into WCG (Water Clot Group), corresponding to the right calvaria defect and WBG (Water Biomaterial Group), left side defect of the calvaria. EG was subdivided into ECG (Ethanol Clot Group), corresponding to the right calvaria defect and EBG (Ethanol Biomaterial Group), left side defect of the calvaria. A circle osteotomy of 5 mm in diameter was performed in the right and left parietal bone. The bone defects in WCG and ECG were filled with blood clot and the defects in WBG and EBG were filled with inorganic bovine bone. 5 animals from each group were euthanized at periods of 10, 20, 40 and 60 days after surgery. The histological analysis showed that at 10 days, WBG and EBG, the particles of bone graft were surrounded by granulation tissue and inflammatory cells, it also showed a small immature bone formation mainly at the margins of the defects. At 20 days it was observed blood vessels in WBG and EBG and some graft particles partially surrounded by new bone. At 40 and 60 days it was exhibited some areas of bone formation at the margins and around a few particles. The newly formed bone was in a more advanced stage of bone remodeling, however it did not showed neither complete filling nor signs of resorption of the biomaterial surface. Histomorphometric analysis on the percentage of bone formation between WCG versus ECG and WBG versus EBG, for each trial period, showed no statistical significant difference. Regarding the body mass CG, at 20, 40 and 60 days the body mass increased 7.9%, 6.6% and 14.1%, respectively. The EG had a loss of body weight of 9.2% after 10 days of surgery and at 40 and 60 days it showed a body mass gain of 5.9% and 6.4%, respectively. It can be concluded that Bonefill® did not promote an increase bone formation in critical defects; the alcohol diet did not achieve its adverse effects on bone formation, and the liquid diet containing ethanol, compared to the liquid water diet had a negative effect on animal body weight.
4

Humoral response to carbohydrate antigens in the context of ABO-incompatible transplantation and xenotransplantation

Kandeva, Teodora N., 1983- January 2008 (has links)
Antibody-mediated rejection is central to ABO incompatible transplantation as well as to xenotransplantation. The xenoantigen alpha-Gal has a highly analogous carbohydrate structure to the human blood group antigens, and both require memory B cell activation for antibody production. We hypothesize that B cells, reactive to the alpha-Gal xenoantigen and B blood group antigen, require the presence of fully activated T cells in order to survive and proliferate in vitro, contrary to the traditional theory that humoral response to carbohydrate antigens is a T cell-independent process. When we compared the capacity of B cells to proliferate, we observed that activated T cells were necessary for B cell proliferation even in the presence of carbohydrate-derived antigens. A relevant question was also to investigate the role of a specific class of T cells: the CD1d-restricted iNKT cells, in the activation of alpha-Gal and B blood group-reactive B cells. The iNKT cells have the specificity of being reactive to glycolipids and are capable of producing both T helper 1 and T helper 2 cytokine responses. We therefore wanted to determine the role of the iNKT cells as mediators of a T helper 2-type response when B cells were exposed to a glycolipid antigen expressing the alpha-Gal epitope or the human B blood group antigen. We observed that, if the interaction between B cells and iNKT cells is blocked, neither B cell proliferation nor antibody production occurs. These results suggest therefore the importance of the iNKT cell category of T helper cells in the response to alpha-Gal and ABO-blood group glycolipids.
5

Preservation of male fertility in childhood acute leukemia : an experimental study addressing novel strategies and putative risks /

Hou, Mi, January 2007 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
6

Adult human neural stem cells : properties in vitro and as xenografts in the spinal cord /

Westerlund, Ulf, January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
7

In vitro models of xenograft rejection : studies on leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions /

Ehrnfelt, Cecilia, January 2004 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
8

Human neural stem cell transplantation in experimental brain trauma /

Wennersten, Andrʹe, January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
9

Modifying xenogeneic immune recognition and engraftment by genetic engineering /

He, Zhong, January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
10

Immunity against porcine islet xenografts in man /

Lindeborg, Ellinor, January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2005. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.

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