South Africa has a deeply entrenched relationship with the global Disability Rights Movement and the social model of disability, the roots of which were nascent as early as 1964 in Nelson Mandela’s Rivonia Trial speech. Since South Africa’s transition to democracy in 1994, steps have been taken through legislation and policy to give expression to disability rights. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 recognises disability equality together with race and gender equity and other rights. In 2007, South Africa was one of the first countries to sign the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), and the UNCRPD was established as a national objective through the White Paper on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2015 (WPRPD). The Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act, 2000 references universal design, universal access and reasonable accommodation as tools to achieve disability equality through safe, equal and dignified access. From 2008, new regulations were applied to public buildings, public space, transport and housing, and new infrastructure standards were introduced to promote accessibility. The DoT’s Moving South Africa study (1999) identified barriers to all forms of transport for special categories of passengers. In 2007, the Department of Transport (DoT) developed the Public Transport Strategy to help guide, support and monitor municipalities in implementing accessible public transport systems, and 13 major municipalities were selected to test the implementation of the Integrated Public Transport Network (IPTN): Johannesburg, Cape Town, Tshwane, Ekurhuleni, Nelson Mandela Bay, Buffalo City, eThekwini, Polokwane, Rustenburg, Mbombela, Msunduzi, and Mangaung. A thirteenth was added in 2013/4, George. The Public Transport Network Grant (PTNG) was aimed at helping municipalities to accelerate the construction and improvement of accessible, affordable, integrated, efficient and sustainable public transport networks within the 20-year timeframe provided in Moving South Africa. The National Land Transport Act, 2009 mandates universal access in public transport. In 2016, in pursuit of this aim, the DoT published the Comprehensive Integrated Transport Plan, as well as the first standards for pedestrian crossings in line with WPRPD requirements. The DoT developed the Universal Design Access Plan (UDAP) for the 13 IPTN municipalities to record and measure progress towards a universally accessible transport system. This master’s dissertation examines and evaluates the implementation of universally accessible transport systems in the 13 IPTN municipalities, between 2010 and 2020, within this context. / Dissertation (MTRP) University of Pretoria, 2021. / Department of Transport / Town and Regional Planning / MTRP / Unrestricted

La thèse s’interroge sur l’articulation entre la plus-value foncière et l’infrastructure routière dans la fabrique urbaine à travers le cas de la ville de Tananarive. L’analyse est focalisée sur les effets des infrastructures dans la valorisation des terrains sis à proximité des nouvelles routes construites au début de l’année 2000 à Tananarive. En effet, dans un contexte de croissance urbaine et de faible disponibilité des terrains constructibles, la pression sur le gisement foncier autour des nouvelles routes qui traversent des rizières et des marais est accrue. Cependant, l’analyse de la transformation du gisement foncier révèle l’anticipation de réalisation des infrastructures routières. Il s’agit précisément de l’anticipation des plus-values foncières. Si les effets des infrastructures sur le prix immobilier et la valorisation foncière sont bien documentés, l’analyse des effets portant sur l’anticipation foncière est moins bien approfondie, notamment pour les villes en développement comme Tananarive. La thèse apporte des éléments de réponse à ces lacunes en croisant l’analyse la dynamique historique du lien entre infrastructure routière et rente foncière dans le développement de la ville de Tananarive et les instruments (PPP) ou les stratégies mobilisées par les acteurs urbains (publics, privés) autour des nouvelles routes. En effet, l’effet de valorisation foncière des nouvelles routes résultent de dynamiques historiques de l’évolution de la ville et des stratégies spatio-temporelles des acteurs urbains autour des infrastructures / This thesis deals with the question of articulation between infrastructure transport and land value in urban making. It examines the impact of road infrastructure on property value close new road infrastructure in Antananarivo (capital of Madagascar). In the context of land pressure because of the lack of land availability and growing urbanization, urban sprawl around the new road have been transforming hectares of marshes and lowlands used for rice-growing. But the conversion process of this land show the expectation of the road infrastructure impact on property value which have influenced urban making. Although the research of infrastructure impact on house’s price or land value is well documented and concentrated in the case of western cities, no more research study the case of developing cities and little attention has been given to the impact of expectation property and land values. By studying the land strategy of actors (public and private actors) through public policy instruments: the use of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) as tool for negotiation in urban making and infrastructure project and the developing of town planning documents nearby new road infrastructure area, this work point out how do actors negotiates public policy instruments to create property and land values and expect it? But this impact is part of the historical dynamic of the city’s development. In fact, we suppose that the effect of road infrastructure on land value depends on the historical context of urban sprawl by road and on land strategy of anticipation of actors by public policy instrumentation. Keywords: Land Value, Private-Public Partnership, Coalition, Road Infrastructure, Urban Sprawl, Anticipatio