by Tsui Wing Hoi, Anthony. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Bibliography: leaf 37.

Thesis (LLM> (Labour Law)) -- University og Limpopo, 2013 / The South African government has paid compensation in a form of special pension to individuals who have been exposed to certain types of hardship and suffering caused by the governments or their predecessors. This compensation is described as ‘the appreciation or sense of guilty of society towards those people on whom the government has rightfully or wrongfully and at any rate disproportionally inflicted damage’. Government have been prepared to pay compensation to the following persons: former enemies, victims of war, victims of harmful compulsory vaccination measures, persons who had sacrificed their jobs and education in the process of overturning oppressive governments establishing democratic government; and persons whose basic human rights had been violated by governments or their predecessors. These persons have sacrificed their lives either in exile or within South Africa fighting for South Africa to be democratic. These persons must prove that they served their respective political organisations for a period of five years or above or they were banished or restricted in certain area or imprisoned or sentenced.

The Asian REIT market has been developing quickly in recent years and gradually attracted attention of international investors. However, compared with other developed markets such as the US and Australia, very little is known about the Asian REIT market. This research examines the impact of the quality of corporate governance on the performance of two major and similar REIT markets - Hong Kong and Singapore. In this research, the quality of corporate governance is measured by a scoring system that is based on the APREA Corporate Governance Scoring Framework (APREA CGSF) developed by Lecomte and Ooi (2012) for Singapore REITs but modified to suit the characteristics and regulatory requirements of both Hong Kong and Singapore REIT markets. Firm performance is measured by Tobin’s Q. The empirical analysis is based on panel data during 2007-2011 from Hong Kong and Singapore REIT markets. The empirical results show that the quality of corporate governance (as measured by the Integrated Corporate Governance Index or ICGI) has a significant and positive impact on firm performance, holding other factors constant. However, closer examination shows that only about 20% of all the governance provisions included in the ICGI have significant impact on firm performance. This research also finds that REITs with corporate governance that takes into consideration of the interests of other stakeholders in addition to those of the shareholders (such as provision for corporate social responsibility) do not perform better. Incidentally, the empirical results strongly suggest that Singapore REITs perform better than Hong Kong REITs after controlling for all known factors including the quality of corporate governance. This result calls for a deeper explanation. A more detailed study from a new institutional economics perspective may shed light on this issue. / published_or_final_version / Real Estate and Construction / Master / Master of Philosophy

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Heidelberg, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [211]-240).

Trust Fund in Business Relations Author: Milan Sýkora Supervisor: prof. JUDr. Stanislava Černá, CSc. This diploma thesis deals with transplantation of trusts into the Czech Civil Code in the form of "svěřenský fond" (fiduciary fund) and with possibilities of this instrument in the world of commerce. The essential question is whether svěřenský fond is capable of replacing Anglo-Saxon trust in the following standard financial transactions: (i) syndicated loans, (ii) issues of bonds, (iii) subordination, (iv) securitization and (v) collective investment. In total, this thesis comprises of seven chapters, including the Introduction and the Conclusion. After an introduction, uncommonly, a prologue follows. This Prologue outlines a new, unusual instrument of the Czech law - svěřenský fond. It refers to the particular legislation and outlines questions that arise with this recently transplanted device. The third chapter defines trust using comparative law and deals with its historical development both on the British Islands and in the civil and mixed jurisdictions. The second subchapter argues that the so-called obstacles of trust reception into civil law are not based on solid arguments. Further, I describe experience of trust reception in selected civil law and mixed jurisdictions. In the fourth...

Prior literature focuses on the causes and effects of ownership concentration between significant blockholders and minority shareholders. Anecdotal evidence shows that it is also important to look at the causes and effects of ownership concentration within controlling families as family ownership can become diffused after generations. Family trust is a popular vehicle for holding family ownership. It allows a founder to concentrate firm ownership on a long-term basis, preventing control loss after he/she steps down. Family members can enjoy control benefits such as preservation of their family intangible assets. However, there is tradeoff. Family members cannot resolve their conflicts by acquiring and selling off shares among them, since they are no longer the legal owners of the shares. / Using a sample of 216 family firms listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange with time series data spanning 1990--2008, I investigate the causes and effects of ownership concentration by means of family trust. I fmd that when family control is important (when there exists a large amount of family intangibles), there is a higher propensity that family trust is used to concentrate ownership and secure control, provided that the cost of using it is low (small family size hence low family conflict). However, when there are more and more family members after generations, the benefit of preserving the intangibles may not be high enough to cover the cost of potential family conflict, leading to firm value loss. Moreover, the cost of using trust magnifies during difficult periods such as financial distress, economic downturn and leadership succession. Hence, firms with high potential family conflict have poorer performance during difficult time if family trust is used for holding the firm's controlling stake. Family trust also induces common pool problem. Family members tend to extract resources from the family firm as much and as early as possible, leading to higher payout and slower firm growth. / Leung, Siu Ching. / Adviser: Joseph P. H. Fan. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-03, Section: A, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 58). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

by Wong Sai Tat, Patrick, Leung Chi Keung, Edmond. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Bibliography: leaf 87.

Finally, this thesis put forward specific recommendations in relation to social welfare policies, social work practice, organizational capacity building, organizational performance assessment and the future areas for research on philanthropic foundations. / The purpose of this research is to describe and discuss the magnitude of success, use of strategies and extent of public participation in philanthropic foundations under the socialist system of China. It also analyzes how the effectiveness of these philanthropic foundations is related to their selected strategies and their extent of public participation. / The research also found that public participation was an essential value in the philanthropic foundations. Public participation was a tactic to obtain resources, and to realize success in the organization. However, empowerment of the service users had not been given enough attention. Meanwhile, the participants in the philanthropic foundations could be classified as individuals and legal entities, administrative units, public organizations and quasi-governmental organizations. The mode of participation varied from the "one-way model", the "participatory model" and the "decision-making model". Accordingly, four models of participation were identified. / The research found that the successful philanthropic foundations had differing manifestations and weights in variables pertaining to "objectives", "degree of satisfaction", "legitimacy" and "resource input". Whilst the variables were related to each others, the weight for each variable differed in the studied cases. Classified in terms of the weight of the variables, there were four models among the successful philanthropic foundations, namely, the "equilibrium model", the "satisfying model", the "legitimate model" and the "sustainable model". / The research further found that there was correlations among the manifestation of success, strategic orientation, and mode of participation. The case background is related to certain manifestation of success, strategy and mode of public participation, constructing four reaction patterns. These reaction patterns are premised on "organization", "resources", "need", and "government", producing different relationships among "success", "strategy" and "public participation". / The study identified the functional dimension (philanthropic versus charity) and the instrumental dimension (market versus government action), from which five different strategies were derived from the philanthropic foundations studied. They were the "strong market orientation", the "compromising orientation", the "weak market orientation", the "mutuality orientation" and the "governmental orientation". / This research is a case study of 7 legally registered philanthropic foundations supported by non-governmental funds. Twenty senior management staffs working in the 7 philanthropic foundations participated in the in-depth interviews. The samples were selected from various departments under different administrative levels in Mainland China, including the central government level, the provincial level and the municipal level, and taking into account the economic strength of the regions. All the selected cases included philanthropic services for children, and have been operating for more than 5 years. These homogeneous cases are to a certain extent typical cases. / 陳津利. / 呈交日期: 2005年6月. / 論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2005. / 參考文獻(p. 406-426). / Cheng jiao ri qi: 2005 nian 6 yue. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-01, Section: A, page: 0336. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / School code: 1307. / Lun wen (zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2005. / Can kao wen xian (p. 406-426). / Chen Jinli.

Conservation in the nonprofit land trust community is primarily through fee-simple ownership or conservation easement with the management plan becoming more common. Data were obtained from the 2005 Land Trust Alliance National Land Trust Survey. Of 1,667 land trusts, 972 reported at least one fee-owned, and 946 reported at least one conservation easement property. The overall guiding hypothesis was that demographic variables affect the probability of having a management plan in place. Demographic variables included: 1) number of employees, 2) age of organizations, 3) size of protected areas, and 4) geographic region. In logistic regression for fee-owned properties, full-time employees increased the probability of having management plans, whereas, part-time employees decreased the probability, p=0.001 and p=0.004. For conservation easements, region was of significance. In general, logistic regression and Chi-square analysis indicated that land trusts with one or more employees have greater ability to carry out their conservation mission and that regions of the U.S. vary in likelihood of having management plans / Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

Univ., Diss.--Frankfurt (Main), 2005. / Literaturverz. S. [309] - 341.